Author Archives: admin


Nearly Half of Poland’s SMA Patients on Track to Get Spinraza, Experts Say – SMA News Today

Poland is rolling out Biogensspinal muscular atrophy (SMA) therapy Spinraza (nusinersen) at a faster pace than any country that has approved it, Polish experts say.

Since the first injection in May 2019, about 400 of the 830 patients in Polands SMA registry have either started taking Spinraza or been put on a waiting list to obtain it, according to Kacper Rucinski, president of Warsaw-basedFundacja SMA. A commission of top neurologists is steadily adding patients to the list after determining that they qualify for National Health Service coverage of the treatment.

Longtime SMA expert Anna Lusakowska, a doctor at the Warsaw Medical University Neurology Clinic, predicted that Polish patients who want Spinraza will eventually get the medicine.

However, not all 830 will opt for it, said Rucinski, who along with Lusakowska spoke with SMA News Today by phone. Some patients with the muscle-wasting disease are receiving Roches risdiplam or Novartis branaplam in clinical trials. They would likely stay with their current treatments once those two medications are approved by the Health Ministry and covered by the national health insurance program.

Spinraza is very expensive; both risdiplam and branaplam also will be, upon approval. The U.S. retail price of Spinraza is $750,000 for the first year and $375,000 in subsequent years, although Poland, like all members of the European Union, negotiated its own price with Biogen.

Spinraza first became available in 2017 to a few dozen Polish patients under Biogens expanded-access program. In December 2018 18 months after Spinraza received European Union approval Poland authorized its National Health Service to pay for it.

Hospitals in three of Polands 16 regions spearheaded Spinraza treatment in 2017. Lusakowskas hospital, in the Masovia region which includes Warsaw joined them last year.

Not only did most of the regions outside Warsaw have no experience with Spinraza; they had never even treated SMA patients before, said Lusakowska, who started Polands SMA registry in 2010.

About 120 of Polands SMA patients live in the Warsaw area. As a result, the neurology programs at Warsaw Medical University and Childrens Memorial Health Institute in Warsaw became leaders in treating the disease decades ago.

After the national health insurance program began covering Spinraza, Lusakowskas neurology department decided to administer the medicine to as many people with SMA as possible. Thats led to long hours for staffers, but also has allowed Lusakowskas team to develop a level of expertise solid enough to share with inexperienced practitioners in other regions.

Patients with severe curvature of the spine are a special challenge, even if they have had previous surgery to correct their scoliosis, she said.Radiologists at Lusakowskas clinic use a computerized tomography (CT) scanner to administer injections to individuals with badly curved spines. The scanner shows the best locations for injecting those with scoliosis.

Four months after Polands first non-early-access injection, all regions are offering Spinraza, although it hasnt been easy, Lusakowska said. The surge in Spinraza patients since May has overwhelmed neurological clinics, which in addition to SMA deal with strokes, epilepsy and many other nerve-related conditions.

Lusakowska began her neurology career as an SMA specialist in the mid-1990s, just asscientists were discovering the cause of SMA defects in the SMN1 gene.She and other SMA specialists hoped researchers would develop a therapy quickly.

I worked with SMA patients for 30 years before a treatment came, Lusakowska said. Its really wonderful that I can finally do something for them.

The first Spinraza injection is emotional for patient, family and doctor alike, she said.

Usually the patient cries, the mother cries they have been waiting such a long time for this, she said.

Lusakowska said she can deal with the expressions of joy, even if they include tears. Its harder when the emotion is the anguish of patients calling to complain that they have had to wait such a long time for Spinraza but are still not receiving it, she said.

Like most countries, Poland prioritizes Spinrazas roll-out by age and disease severity. Children younger than 3 years old withSMA type 1 the worst form of the disease get top priority because research has shown they can benefit the most.

Adults with advanced stages of SMA are believed to gain less from treatment, though the main focus of Lusakowskas clinic is adults. She and her colleagues are administering Spinraza to 35 people in their 20s and older with different types of SMA, and expect to treat 70 eventually.

The 35 include seven type 1 patients. Six began taking Spinraza in Belgium under the expanded-access program, but returned to Poland after the National Health Service agreed to cover the treatment costs. The clinic also treats several children above the age of 3.

Lusakowska said Spinraza benefits all her SMA patients. Some improvements are obvious to doctors, while others are not but patients say it is helping them. Within a year, her clinic will have enough month-to-month, muscle-strength comparison data for a scientific assessment of Spinrazas effectiveness.

Some improvements have been amazing, Lusakowska said. That is the case, for example, with a 4-year-old Polish girl with SMA type 2 who began taking Spinraza in France when she was a few months old. Doctors had diagnosed her SMA in the womb after her older brother developed type 2. He also receives Spinraza.

Her brother is improving all the time with Spinraza, Lusakowska said. He is not walking, but he is much stronger. But his sister, who began receiving Spinraza when she was 3 months old, is walking, jumping, dancing shes a normal girl.

Another heartening sign is that, thanks to Spinraza, some patients who had been on detachable ventilation devices 16 hours a day have been able to reduce that to 10 hours a day.

Similarly, some patients say their voices are becoming much stronger as Spinraza strengthens their larynx muscles, Lusakowska said.

She praised the Health Ministry for deciding to cover all SMA patients who want Spinraza, rather than restricting it only to those in certain categories.

We dont have to turn anyone away, she said. We can tell all our patients that maybe not this month, but next month, we can treat you.

Hal Foster is a veteran journalist at the Los Angeles Times and other news organizations in the United States and Japan, and a longtime journalism professor.In addition to the LA Times, he worked at the Portland Oregonian and the Seattle Post-Intelligencer, was executive editor of Pacific Stars & Stripes in Tokyo, and wrote about the war in Ukraine for USA Today.He has a Ph.D. in journalism from the University of North Carolina, and has taught in the United States, Kazakhstan and Ukraine, where he was a Fulbright scholar.

Total Posts: 85

Ana holds a PhD in Immunology from the University of Lisbon and worked as a postdoctoral researcher at Instituto de Medicina Molecular (iMM) in Lisbon, Portugal. She graduated with a BSc in Genetics from the University of Newcastle and received a Masters in Biomolecular Archaeology from the University of Manchester, England. After leaving the lab to pursue a career in Science Communication, she served as the Director of Science Communication at iMM.

More here:
Nearly Half of Poland's SMA Patients on Track to Get Spinraza, Experts Say - SMA News Today

Prospective Study Characterizes PCa Risk Linked to BRCA1, BRCA2 Mutations – Renal and Urology News

Fordecades, it has been known that the mutations in the tumor suppressor genes BRCA1 and BRCA2 are associated with high risks of breast and ovarian cancer,but a new prospective cohort study provides the strongest evidence to date thatthese mutations are associated with the development of prostate cancer (PCa).

TheBRCA2 mutation appears to be morestrongly associated with PCa development than the BRCA1 mutation. In addition, the increased risk of PCa varies byfamily history of the malignancy and the location of the mutation within thegenes.

Ourstudy is unique in that we have recruited healthy men across the UK and Irelandwho have hereditary BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutations, and then followed themprospectively for up to 17 years to see if they would develop prostate cancer,said corresponding author Tommy Nyberg, a PhD candidate at the Centre forCancer Genetic Epidemiology at the University of Cambridge in the UK.

Thestudy, which was published in EuropeanUrology, included 376 male BRCA1 mutationcarriers and 447 male BRCA2 mutation carrierswho were identified in clinical genetics centers in the United Kingdom and Ireland.Of these, 16 BRCA1 and 26 BRCA2carriers were diagnosed with PCa during follow-up. Nyberg and his colleagues foundthat the risk of PCa is more strongly influenced by BRCA2 than BRCA1 mutations.The BRCA2 mutation is associated witha nearly 4.5-fold increased risk of PCa, whereas the BRCA1 mutation is associated with an approximately 2.4-foldincreased risk. This translates into estimated absolute lifetime risks fordeveloping prostate cancer of 60% for BRCA2and 29% for BRCA1 mutation carriers.We also found an association with more aggressive prostate cancer for men with BRCA2, but not BRCA1 mutations, Nyberg told Renal& Urology News.

Forthe men with BRCA1/2 mutations, therisk was greater for those from families where several family members had beendiagnosed with PCa than for those without such a family history. This probablyreflects the complex genetic landscape of prostate cancer susceptibility, withseveral genetic variants besides BRCA1/2mutations being known to influence the risk, Nyberg said.

Amongcarriers of the BRCA2 mutation, therisk of PCa increased nearly 1.7-fold with each relative diagnosed with PCa.Compared with the general population, BRCA2mutations in the so-called ovarian cancer cluster region (bounded by positionsc.2831 and c.6401) were associated with a nearly 2.5-fold higher incidence ofPCa, a lower risk increase than for mutations elsewhere in the BRCA2 gene. BRCA2 mutations outside this region were associated with a 5.9-foldrelative risk of PCa. Additionally, the BRCA2mutation was associated with a 5-fold increased incidence of Gleason score 7PCa and 3-fold increased incidence of Gleason 6 or less PCa. The mutation alsowas associated with almost 3.9-fold increased incidence of PCa mortality.

Isee the primary clinical application of our research as facilitating geneticcounseling and the early detection of prostate cancer, Nyberg said. Men whoare discovered to carry a hereditary BRCA2mutation, even if currently healthy, are at considerable risk of developingprostate cancer during their lifetime. A greater understanding of genetic riskvariants is continuously occurring, and consequently genetic counseling forprostate cancer is getting more and more accurate.

AnthonyV. DAmico, MD, PhD, Chief of the Division of Genitourinary Radiation Oncologyat Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Professor of Radiation Oncology at HarvardMedical School in Boston said drugs already are available that target BRCA2 mutations. Studies are needed inmen who harbor BRCA mutations to investigate whether these drugs such as PARPinhibitors and platnium based chemotherapy can reduce the risk of metastasisand death from prostate cancer, Dr DAmico said.

Moreover,the new findings support recommendations that men with a significant familyhistory for PCa, especially those with multiple first-degree relatives with PCa,undergo genetic testing for the BRCA2mutation and then to be seen by a genetics counselor to be considered for screening at an earlier age than recommendedin standard guidelines.

Themajor implication here is that men with BRCA2in particular are at a significantly increased risk of developing clinicallymeaningful prostate cancer, and this risk might be influenced by factors suchas family history and the type of mutation that is inherited, said Amar U.Kishan, MD, Assistant Professor of Radiation Oncology at the David GeffenSchool of Medicine of UCLA.

Althoughthe therapeutic implications of the new findings are unclear, it istheoretically possible that men with mutations in DNA repair genes may derivebenefit from drugs such as poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors, butthe data to support such a strategy are limited to patients with advanced,metastatic castration-resistant PCa. In this setting, olaparib and rucaparibare approved for men with BRCA1/2mutant-tumors, though these mutations can be either inherited or restricted tothe tumor, Dr Kishan said. Whether men with an inherited BRCA2 mutation, whodevelop an aggressive but early stage prostate cancer, would benefit from thistype of therapy, in combination with surgery or radiotherapy, is not known.Several studies are investigating this concept.

ToddMorgan, MD, Associate Professor of Urology and Chief of the Division ofUrologic Oncology at the University of Michigan in Ann Arbor, said the new studyadds important data to help guide patient counseling and may allow for improvedearly detection strategies in men with BRCA1/2 mutations. At his institution, DrMorgan and his colleagues have implemented an early detection clinic for menwith BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutations, which is modeled after similar clinics for femalecarriers of these mutations (https://www.rogelcancercenter.org/cancer-genetics/prostate-cancer-risk-clinic).

Medicaloncologist David Wise, MD, PhD of NYU Langone Health in New York, said the newfindings may change the conversation for men carrying the BRCA2 germline mutation. Based on this study and others, newguidelines are needed to personalize prostate cancer screening for men carryingthe BRCA2 germline mutation. Clinicaltrials testing PARP inhibitors, already FDA approved for ovarian and breastcancer, are ongoing in BRCA2-associatedprostate cancer. Based on promising data from these clinical trials, the FDAhas granted breakthrough therapy status for two PARP inhibitors, rucaparib andolaparib, for men with castration-resistant prostate cancer, Dr Wise said.

Reference

NybergT, Frost D, Barrowdale D, et al. Prostate cancer risks for male BRCA1 andBRCA2 mutation carriers: A prospective cohort study [published online September5, 2019]. Eur Urol. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eururo.2019.08.025

The rest is here:
Prospective Study Characterizes PCa Risk Linked to BRCA1, BRCA2 Mutations - Renal and Urology News

Precision Cancer Therapies Market Forecast Research Reports Offers Key Insights 2017 2025 – Space Market Research

Precision medicine (PM) can be defined as predictive, personalized, and preventive healthcare services delivery model. Precision cancer therapies is an additional option for patients suffering from cancer however it cannot completely replace the existing cancer treatments. Currently, researchers are making progress in the field of precision cancer therapies however many new and innovative drugs are currently in clinical trials. Precision cancer therapies include drugs or other substances which block the growth of cancer. Precision cancer therapies are also termed as molecular targeted therapy, or targeted molecular therapies, and precision medicines. Researchers are involved in developing anticancer drug developments via precision cancer therapies.

Precision Cancer Therapies Market: Segmentation

Get Sample Copy of this report at https://www.persistencemarketresearch.com/samples/17695?source=atm

Precision cancer therapies market can be segmented on the basis of the type of therapies, end users, and regions: Hormone Therapy Immunotherapies Targeted Therapy Monoclonal Antibody Therapy Gene Therapy

Precision cancer therapies market can be segmented on the basis of different end users in the market: Hospitals Diagnostic Centers Oncology Clinics Research Institutes

Precision Cancer Therapies Market: Dynamics

Request to view TOC at https://www.persistencemarketresearch.com/toc/17695?source=atm

Precision cancer therapies market is primarily driven by a few key factors such as the increasing prevalence of cancers, such as lung cancer, breast cancer, prostate cancer, melanoma and other types of cancers. The market is likely to grow owing to the increasing awareness regarding molecular diagnostic techniques which is expected to fuel the growth of precision cancer therapies market. The rising insurance coverage and growing healthcare expenditure by the government are among the factors which would aid the growth of precision cancer therapies market over the forecast years.

Precision cancer therapies market, however, faces various challenges such as the high cost of new and innovative therapies which prevent the wide prevention of these diseases. Precision cancer therapies market has various drugs which are still in various stages of clinical trials which refrain the products from the market. Precision cancer therapies market faces tremendous challenges due to the low awareness regarding the new diagnosis and treatment measures. Low-income countries and rising economies are coming forward to address such issues for precision cancer therapies market.

Precision Cancer Therapies Market: Region-wise Outlook

Based on geography, the precision cancer therapies market can be segmented into five major regions: North America, Europe, Asia-Pacific, Latin America and Middle East & Africa. At present, North America holds a leading position in the precision cancer therapies market due to the increasing incidence of cancer in the region which is followed by Europe. The major driving factors which have driven the growth of the precision cancer therapies market in this region is constant support of healthcare organizations in the development of new treatment methods, technological advancement in finding innovative treatment measures, and a rise in funding in public and private sector. Following North America, European countries are also anticipated to show steady growth in the precision cancer therapies market. Asia Pacific is expected to grow at the fastest CAGR because of increasing prevalence of different types of cancers in the region, thus boosting the market growth of precision cancer therapies market throughout the forecast period. The factors which would fuel the growth of precision cancer therapies market in Asia-Pacific are various multinational companies are setting up their operations in this region and aiming to gain huge revenue share from emerging countries, rising healthcare concerns, and improving healthcare scenario of the region. Precision cancer therapies market would evolve at a rapid rate across the regions. However, North America would maintain its position in the precision cancer therapies market, though, we are anticipating emerging economies such India, China, Brazil, Russia to have the highest growth in precision cancer therapies market.

Precision Cancer Therapies Market: Key Players

Precision cancer therapies market holds a huge number of players operating in the segment for years with expertise and experience. Various multinational companies are involved in the manufacturing of products which are utilized in the treatment of cancer. Such companies are Abbott Laboratories, Bayer HealthCare AG, GlaxoSmithKline plc, OncoGenex Pharmaceuticals Inc., Hospira Inc., Boehringer Ingelheim GmbH, AstraZeneca, Aveo Pharmaceuticals among others. Precision cancer therapies market has the presence of many regional players which have a huge market share in the emerging countries.

Buy Full Report at https://www.persistencemarketresearch.com/checkout/17695?source=atm

The rest is here:
Precision Cancer Therapies Market Forecast Research Reports Offers Key Insights 2017 2025 - Space Market Research

Health Repair Damaged or Diseased Tissue with Stem Cell Injections 10:38 AM, Sep 28, 2019 – WXYZ

Dr. Mansour identifies two defining properties of stem cells: First, they can self-regenerate, meaning they divide and give rise to more regenerative cells of the same kind. Second, stem cells can mature or differentiate into specialized cells which carry out a specific function in the skin, muscle, or blood.

A major breakthrough in modern medicine revolves around the use of Umbilical Cord Stem cells. These powerful cells are injected into damaged tissues, ligaments, muscles and tendons, arthritic joints, or other tissues in an attempt to stimulate and accelerate healing.

Regenerative Medicine from Umbilical Cord Stem Cells in Macomb County

We were the first clinic in Michigan to offer umbilical cord stem cell injections as a holistic alternative to pain management and cell regeneration.

Dr. Mansour conducts monthly educational seminars and offers free one on one consultation, during which he reviews all imaging studies to determine if the patient is a candidate for stem cell therapy. For those who qualify, he offers a customized plan that is specific to each patient.

There is a wide range of conditions which may be treated with stem cells, including:

Joint Pain

Arthritis

Ligament Tears

Cartilage Tears

Meniscus Tears

Nerve Damage

Back Pain

And So Much More!

A Better Approach with Revolution Wellness

Are you suffering from constant discomfort, or diagnosed with a specific condition only to be told that medication or surgery are your only options? At Revolution Wellness, we believe otherwise. We use the innovative technology of stem cell therapy to treat discomfort and serious physical ailments.

Call our office today for more information about how we can get you on your way to living with less pain!

Visit link:
Health Repair Damaged or Diseased Tissue with Stem Cell Injections 10:38 AM, Sep 28, 2019 - WXYZ

Minnesota builds expertise in coaxing the body to heal itself – Star Tribune

An obsolete surgical balloon might not sound like a tool of cutting-edge health care, but doctors at Mayo Clinic are repurposing it as they expand the field of regenerative medicine beyond organ transplants and stem cells to new therapies that can coax the body to repair itself.

Mayo physicians are testing the balloon on unborn babies who have a defect that causes their lower organs to bunch up and choke lung growth. By threading the balloon into the womb and inflating it to block the babys throat, doctors can reverse chest pressure, pushing the organs back down and giving the lungs space to heal and grow on their own.

The technique illustrates how the states expertise has grown in five years under the Regenerative Medicine Minnesota program. The state-funded initiative has issued 162 grants worth $21.7 million to advance the knowledge and use of stem-cell therapies, but also to explore ways to help the body heal itself without transplanting these powerful but sometimes problematic cells.

We all thought regenerative medicine equaled stem cells, said Dr. Andre Terzic, director of Mayos Center for Regenerative Medicine, but if you go through the applications, especially those that have been breakthrough applications, you realize that there are new technologies that are going beyond stem cells.

Terzic and Dr. Jakub Tolar, former dean of the University of Minnesotas Medical School and director of the Us Stem Cell Institute, co-lead the state program, with the goal of turning Minnesota into the Silicon Valley of regenerative medicine. It receives $4 million per year from the states general fund that is divided into two-year grants for research and medical education.

Terzic said the range of grants shows the acceleration in regenerative medicine, a field that in many ways got its start in Minnesota, where the first islet transplant was performed at the U in 1974 to create new insulin supplies in patients with diabetes. Once focused on elderly patients and cancer, or chronic diseases such as diabetes, regenerative medicine is expanding as doctors learn how multiple organs have healing powers that can be activated, he said.

Many studies still focus on stem cells the bodys so-called master cells that can grow other cells and tissues with some testing them as therapies and others just aiming to understand how they can be activated in patients to accelerate healing, Tolar said.

Robert Tranquillo, a biomedical engineer at the U, for example, received grant funding to seed artificial blood vessels with stem cells so they can become suitable replacements for clogged arteries. Funding also supported 4-D printing by mechanical engineer Michael McAlpine, also at the U, to create cellular scaffolds that can harness and direct transplanted stem cells so they can regenerate damaged heart tissue.

A common goal of all the grants, including some awards to local biotech companies, is to hasten the transfer of research discoveries into clinical applications, Tolar said. The science is not enough. What really matters is what you get from the science, which is understanding.

Mayo received $500,000 to test the balloon placement, a procedure formally known as fetoscopic endoluminal tracheal occlusion, on 10 fetuses, and to join a half-dozen other U.S. institutions that are studying the treatment for an often-fatal birth complication.

A hole in his diaphragm

Alyse Ahern-Mittelsted was still grieving the loss of a daughter in utero when she discovered in the 20th week of her latest pregnancy last year that her fetus heart was out of place. His lungs had reached only 22% of expected growth due to a hole in his diaphragm that allowed lower abdominal organs to press up against them. For her, joining the study was an easy choice.

We had lost our daughter and then we found this out, said the Cresco, Iowa, woman. To me, it wasnt really a question. I wanted to do everything and anything that we could.

At the 27th week, Mayos Dr. Rodrigo Ruano lined up the baby so he could thread a balloon through the mothers abdomen and straight into his throat.

This surgical balloon was invented to stop bleeding in the brain, but other techniques now work better for that. It is not approved for the fetal procedure by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration, but Ruano said he is trying to prove its worth. Ruano had performed the procedure in Brazil before coming to Mayo.

During pregnancy, babies receive oxygen from their mothers umbilical cords. Their throats are filled with fluid, and the inflated balloons create a pressure change that pushes the fluid downward, creating space for the lungs.

Its the only mechanism we have so far to help promote lung growth in babies with this condition, he said.

By the time the balloon was deflated and removed from Ahern-Mittelsteds baby, at 34 weeks gestation, his lower organs had already receded to their expected locations and his lungs were growing. The baby, born last Nov. 20 and named Zane, still needed surgery to close the hole in his diaphragm, but he was breathing on his own.

I figured hed be born and hed turn blue because he couldnt breathe, his mother said, but when he came out his eyes were open and he made a little tiny peep.

Read more:
Minnesota builds expertise in coaxing the body to heal itself - Star Tribune

Better solutions for the replacement of joints – SciTech Europa

Orthopaedic Research focuses on finding solutions for regenerating parts of the musculoskeletal apparatus that often fail while ageing as they are constantly loaded. Hereby, it can be mentioned that the joints who are often involved are the knees with problems such as cartilage degeneration and/or meniscus degeneration, but also ruptures of the anterior cruciate ligament. Furthermore, the rotator-cuff joint of the shoulder and the intervertebral discs of the spine are potentially affected with a very poor self-healing capacity. These problems might arise by ageing but also due to post-trauma induced degeneration or genetic predisposition.

In terms of implants the most successful surgery for Orthopaedics remains the hip implant. Here, complication rates as low as 1-2% were reported. However, for all other joints no equally good solutions exist until now. Here, an improved understanding of the mechano-biology of joints and the tissue homeostasis is needed. Current solutions are often to replace the joint with a full implant. However, these natural joints possess six-degree-of-freedom for motion, e.g. the knee and the spine, but are also equipped with proprio-and mechano-receptors that provide important information about the actual position and movement/loading of the joint.

An increasing elderly population demands for an increased supply of joint substitutes or replacement parts. However, these are unmet clinical needs as implants do not often give back full range of motion and proprioception, which is important for certain movements. Thus, for the intervertebral discs of the spine, cartilage and meniscus, currently no good solutions exist in the clinics that provide long-time satisfaction. Here, tissue engineering is expected to unleash new solutions.

The Tissue Engineering, Orthopaedics & Mechanobiology (TOM) Group of the Department for BioMedical Research (DBMR),at the University of Bern conducts translational research at the intersection of tissue engineering, biology and applied clinical research. The group is experienced in musculoskeletal connective tissues, such as bone, cartilage, ligaments and tendons. The TOM research Group has established core competence how these tissues and/or cells can be targeted and cultured into various 3D systems from biomaterials to organoids.

The primary aims of the TOM group are on the one hand to investigate cell therapy options to regenerate the intervertebral disc (IVD) of the spine and on the other hand, to elucidate bone metabolism and signalling of the bone morphogenic proteins (BMPs) in order to improve patients outcome for spinal fusion. The third focus is the understanding of ruptures of the anterior cruciate ligament of the knee and its options to heal this structure. Here, the aim is to find superior solutions for the healing of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL).

To achieve these goals, the group applies a broad spectrum of methods, such as cell targeting by sorting, 3D hydrogel culture, organ 3D culture and specialised bioreactors that maintain the joint tissues mechano-biological requirements. The common focus of the TOM group is to advance in vitro organ culture models, which match closely the human situation and where regenerative therapy strategies, such as novel biomaterials and cells, can be tested in a most authentic in vitro set-up.

In regenerative medicine, and especially in tissue engineering, several open questions still need to be tackled, such as which cells or which materials to take for healing and/or regeneration. It would be great if materials could be designed for the recruitment of cells on site-of-request with growth factors that would either induce cell migration or even lead to differentiation of progenitor cells into the correct cell type. In line of this research, many research teams have tried to develop novel smart biomaterials containing growth factors. Indeed, some of these approaches seem to carry potential for further optimisation.

For the IVD, growth and differentiation factor five and six (i.e., GDF5 and GDF6) are especially promising in this respect, as they were shown to be of central relevance for thriving mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) towards an IVD phenotype. In this project, silk scaffolds were produced by transduced Bombyx mori (silkworm) cultures with a cassette that contained the human growth factor GDF6.1.

Recent advancements in the field of engineering, such as electro-spinning and/or 3D printing might lead to new options and products. The group has been driving research in the fields of silk electro-spinning in collaboration with Ren Rossi and Guisepino Fortunato from the Empa, St. Gallen, Laboratory for Biomimetic Membranes and Textiles. With these collaborations new protocols were established to generate different scaffolds mimicking either the outer part of the disc, i.e. the annulus fibrosus (AF) with a parallel fibre orientation, using a rotating mandrill to collect the silk fibres in a parallel orientation.

To mimic the inner part a static collector to accumulate randomly oriented fibres, which mimics the centre of the IVD, and scaffolds were seeded with nucleopulpocytes. Here, the basic question was more on the production of fibres and their orientation and mechanical properties for IVD repair.

Furthermore, the group performed in vitro pre-clinical models using genetically engineered silk. This successful Gebert-Rf-founded project involved the collaboration of a German company that produced the silk (Spintec Engineering, GmbH, Aachen, Germany). The project was a collaboration with specific know-how on producing a GMP (general molecular practise)-compliant silk containing two of very promising growth factors for IVD repair.

The feasibility was then tested using in vitro 3D cell culture experiments seeding adult stem cells isolated from the bone-marrow aspirated from spinal surgery at the University Hospital of Bern. Prof Dr Lorin Benneker, head of Spine of the Insel University Hospital of Bern, from the Department of Traumatology and Orthopedics, was involved and provided valuable clinical tissue that allowed to assess the important question whether human primary IVD cells can be expanded with these materials and whether these cells can be stimulated towards.

The feasibility of IVD repair was tested in a 3d explant organ culture model. The team of Prof Dr Gantenbein could show that adult mesenchymal stromal cells from bone marrow could be differentiated towards more intervertebral-disc-like cells producing extra cellular matrix as expected of the so-called nucleopulpocytes.

In terms of repair for the centre of the IVD, the so-called nucleus pulposus, hydrogels are very attractive. Here, it was shown that the mechanical properties of such hydrogels are often not optimised for the orthopaedic application. For IVD and cartilage repair the stiffness of these materials should be adopted to better match the one of a native nucleus pulposus of the human lumbar disc. This increased stiffness could be achieved by incorporation of linkers into the hydrogels such as genipin. This has been tested successfully in the established bioreactor using live bovine IVD explants.

In a recently started European consortium H2020 project named iPSpine, Project number #825925, that is led by Prof Dr Marianna Tryfonidou of the University of Utrecht, the TOM group is contributing knowledge how to target a rare progenitor cell population from the centre of the disc that might be useful for regenerative purposes. The presented findings were related to their recently published work alongside supporting partners of the iPSpine consortium that compares cell sorting methods for bovine cells disc progenitors (Tissue Engineering part C Methods, June 2019). According to the TOM groups findings, Fluorescent Associated Cell Sorting (FACS) was the best isolation method for sorting the tissue specific progenitor cells and led to the most potent and functional cells. The aim is to apply soon this process for therapeutic purposes in humans.

Members of Prof Gantenbeins lab are working to build on these findings within the iPSpine consortium. Dr Julien Guerrero is working on a Standard Operational Protocol for the isolation of these progenitors cells from human intervertebral discs. These cells can then be further considered and employed for the purposes of the iPSpine consortium. Within this consortium it is foreseen to derive GMP-grade specialised cells (induced pluripotent stem cells; iPSCs).

These steps are all advancing the goals of iPSpine to develop an advanced cell therapy to soon ease the widespread health problems of people suffering from chronic low back pain, the most common cause of job-related disability and missed work.

Prof Dr Benjamin Gantenbein and Dr Julien Guerrero

Department for BioMedical Research (DBMR)

Tissue Engineering for Orthopaedics & Mechanobiology (TOM)

Department of Orthopaedics

& Traumatology

Insel University Hospital

University of Bern

+41 31 632 88 15

Benjamin.Gantenbein@dbmr.unibe.ch

Julien.Guerrero@dbmr.unibe.ch

http://www.tom-lab.com

Go here to see the original:
Better solutions for the replacement of joints - SciTech Europa

The Bright Future of Stem Cell Therapy: Part 2 – Green Valley News

Last month, we talked about using Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSC) in Regenerative Medicine to heal degenerative joints and other tissues and organ systems.

When we inject MSCs into damaged areas, we augment the bodys regenerative capacity. MSCs heal damaged tissue by orchestrating the entire healing cascade, providing building blocks for new tissue as well as necessary messenger signaling molecules.

Harvesting cells from C-Section deliveries

Mesenchymal stem cells are harvested from full-term C-section deliveries after the donor has been screened for infectious diseases. The umbilical cord including Whartons Jelly along with the amniotic fluid and sac are harvested and carefully processed.

They are further tested to determine the number of MSCs, structural proteins, cytokines (IL-1, TGF-, TGF-), and growth factors the tissue in question contains. Then they are frozen in liquid nitrogen until needed.

Care is given to inject them in the desired joint or region of the body immediately upon thawing, to preserve viability and increase effectiveness.

Amniotic tissue has been described as fertilizer, while MSCs are new seed, and our tissues are like the soil. The healthier the soil, the better the outcome when new seed and fertilizer are introduced.

There is a bright future for stem cells in many aspects of healing and regeneration. An added benefit is much less recovery time than with surgical procedures.

For information about Nature Cures health programs and retreat, contact the Nature Cure Clinic in Green Valley at 520-399-9212.

Originally posted here:
The Bright Future of Stem Cell Therapy: Part 2 - Green Valley News

Friday Frontline: Cancer Updates, Research and Education on September 27, 2019 – Curetoday.com

From a freezer failure that lost the stem cells of some patients with cancer to a documentary about one of the pioneers of immunotherapy, heres what is making headlines in the cancer space this week.

The freezers temperature sensors failed, and the safeguards put in place were insufficient, according to Childrens Hospital Los Angeles. The hospital apologized and sent letters to the families affected, as well as set up a phone line for people to call with questions.

We apologize for any distress or confusion that this has caused our patients and their families, the hospital said in a statement. No childs health is in jeopardy due to this incident, they added.

A documentary about immunotherapy pioneer Dr. Jim Allison premieres in certain theaters today. Jim Allison: Breakthrough will debut in New York and Los Angeles before expanding to other theaters across the country.

It tells the story of Allisons discovery on how the immune system can fight cancer. Allison is best known for his work in T-cell response mechanisms and his discovery that blocking the signaling of the immune checkpoint protein CTLA-4 improved responses. His research led to the development of Yervoy (ipilimumab), the first immune checkpoint inhibitor approved by the Food and Drug Administration in 2011.

Last year, Allison won the 2018 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine alongside Dr. Tasuku Honjo.

The first-ever ZERO Cancer Day took place Tuesday to honor the prostate cancer community. ZERO The End of Prostate Cancer, a nonprofit organization, was behind the event.

It took place on its various social media channels to recognize the passion of prostate cancer survivors, patients and their families.

ZERO Cancer Day was inspired by the urgency and necessity of ending prostate cancer, according to a press release. More about the one-day event can be found on the groups Facebook page.

A 6-year-old cancer survivor learns dreams can come true. Linden Bradley got to open the gates to Disneyland thanks to the Make-A-Wish Foundation who provided the family with a weeklong trip.

He was also surprised with becoming the honorary mayor of the Haunted Mansion. Bradley received a stage 4 Burkitt lymphoma diagnosis in March but after four rounds of inpatient chemotherapy he was released in June. Bradley is now cancer-free.

Link:
Friday Frontline: Cancer Updates, Research and Education on September 27, 2019 - Curetoday.com

Cell Conversions Transformed From Black Box Guesswork to Systematic Discovery – Technology Networks

The ability to reliably convert the phenotype of one cell to another would be a game-changer for regenerative medicine. However, predicting the reprogramming factors necessary to induce cell conversion has largely relied on trial and error, revealing the need for a more systematic approach.

In 2016, Rackham et al. presented a predictive system called Mogrify in a paper titled: "A predictive computational framework for direct reprogramming between human cell types, published in Nature Genetics.

Since then, the UK company has continued to work towards its goal of transforming the future development of cell therapies. This year, Mogrify has grown its team, appointedDr. Jane Osbourn (former Vice President for Research and Development and Site Leader at MedImmune (AstraZeneca)) as Chair of the Board, relocated to the Bio-Innovation Centre in Cambridge, and won Business Weekly's "Disruptive Technology" awardin March.

To learn more about Mogrify's approach to achieving cell conversion through transdifferentiation, we interviewed Pierre-Louis Joffrin, Corporate Development Executive at Mogrify.

Michele Wilson (MW): Transdifferentiation is the process of converting one cell type to another without going through a pluripotent state. Can you elaborate on our current ability to achieve cell conversion in this way?

Pierre-Louis Joffrin (PJ): Transdifferentiation is defined as the conversion of one cell type into another without going through pluripotency by the forced expression of cDNA encoding for transcription factors. The first example of transdifferentiation was reported in 1987 by Davis, Weintraub and Lassar, in a seminal study titled Expression of a single transfected cDNA converts fibroblasts to myoblasts.

Despite this discovery, the field of transdifferentiation was relatively on standby until 2006, when Yamanaka reported that pluripotent stem cells could be induced from mouse fibroblasts. Since then, many laboratories around the world have embarked on a journey to revisit the transdifferentiation concept published 20 years earlier. Soon after, combinations of transcription factors to convert human fibroblasts into neurons, cardiomyocytes and hepatocytes started to emerge.

Since 2010, over 400 scientific reports have been published reporting or validating transdifferentiation protocols, using different cell types as the source material. However, the success of a conversion depends on the exact identification of the combination of transcription factors amidst an infinitely large search space of >1022 possible combinations. Consequently, conversions have largely relied on a combination of educated guess and experimental trial and error, with little room for optimization. As a result, few conversions achieve the desired outcome of a functional mature cell.

MW: Mastering the technique of transdifferentiation would create many possibilities for regenerative medicine therapies. Can you paint a picture of what you hope the future will hold for this technique?PJ: Transdifferentiation has huge potential in regenerative medicine in two distinct ways. Firstly, conversions can be used to produce cells for autologous or allogeneic implantation in patients with diseases where the number of functional cells are diminished, such as chondrocytes in osteoarthritis. Autologous chondrocyte implantation (ACI) is an approved therapy for cartilage defects that could be enhanced by transdifferentiating a more scalable cell type, such as fibroblasts, to increase the number of chondrocytes for re-implantation.

Secondly, transdifferentiation could be used to reprogram cells in vivo, to convert an undesired cell type into a desired cell type at the affected site in the body. A potential example of this would be converting white adipose tissue into brown adipose tissue, to reduce obesity and to help maintain glucose homeostasis for type-2 diabetes patients. So far, there are no approved in vivo reprogramming therapies, but as an increasing number of cell conversions are discovered and delivery systems are developed, these therapies should draw more attention as they bypass the problem of immunogenicity associated with the allogeneic implantation of foreign cells.

MW: What are the main limitations that are holding back progress in reprogramming techniques and applications?

PJ:Many of the currently identified transdifferentiation protocols are inefficient, leading to the conversion of only a small subset of cells, sometimes <1%. As a result, several transdifferentiation protocols are not reproducible. This could be due to factors such as:

(1) the optimal transcription factor combination is yet to be identified(2) the delivery method for the transcription factors is not ideal, or(3) the culture conditions to enhance the conversion and maintenance of the desired cell type have not been discovered.

Cellular validation and bioequivalence are vital, especially in the context of regenerative medicine. The cellular phenotype of the generated cells must be assessed to determine bioequivalence with native cells. Yet, scientific data showing this is poor, in some cases, or absent altogether.

In several cases, cells resembling the desired target cell type are transiently generated, but fail to be maintained in culture. This could be because the combination of transcription factors fails to induce a self-sustaining endogenous gene expression change, or because the optimal culture conditions to capture this cellular state have not been identified.

MW: Can you tell us about Mogrifys system that predicts the reprogramming factors necessary to induce cell conversion?PJ:Mogrify has developed a proprietary cellular conversion technology, which makes it possible to transform any mature human cell type into any other, without having to go through a pluripotent stem cell- or progenitor-cell state. The platform takes a systematic big-data approach to identify the optimal transcription factors and/or small molecules needed to convert and culture any human cell type. This is achieved in three distinct steps.

Firstly, the gene expression levels of the source and target cell types are compared, using next-generation sequencing, gene regulatory and epigenetic network data, to determine the change in gene expression required to achieve the conversion. Secondly, all transcription factors are ranked according to their potential effect (both direct and indirect) on the differential gene expression identified previously. Lastly, the optimal combination of transcription factors is determined by obtaining maximal coverage of the differential gene expression (minimum of 98%), whilst avoiding overlap in effect from the different factors.

Mogrifys results have been experimentally validated, and can also predict the transcription factors used in known transdifferentiation experiments, serving as a directory of defined factors for any direct cell reprogramming.

MW: Mogrifys predictive algorithm considers gene expression data, as well as regulatory network information. Can you provide examples of regulatory network information that have been incorporated here?PJ:Regulatory networks are a way of representing causal interactions between transcription factors and their downstream gene targets, in order to calculate both direct and indirect effects on gene expression levels. These types of relationships can be inferred from different kinds of data such as DNA sequence, chromatin structure, gene or protein expression.

Mogrify incorporates data from two main databases: MARA, which models protein-DNA interactions and is representative of any potential direct effects on gene expression by transcription factor binding to promoter regions, and STRING, which models protein-protein interactions and is therefore representative of any potential indirect effects on gene expression through pathway cross-talk.

By capturing both of these regulatory network databases, Mogrify can rank the transcription factors, taking into account transcription factor-DNA binding motifs, gene promoter regions, gene expression and protein-protein interactions.

MW: To what extent do you expect Mogrify predictions to aid progress in the field of reprogramming?PJ: The process of transdifferentiation is still a black box. Thus far, all the combinations of factors required to convert one cell type into another have been identified using a trial and error approach and some educated guesses based on expert knowledge of a specific cell type. The Mogrify algorithm is designed to turn this black box into a predictable variable, identifying sets of transcription factors for direct cell conversion regardless of prior knowledge.

This will streamline the discovery of new transdifferentiation protocols, that can be used to generate cell conversions which exhibit safety, efficacy and scalable manufacturing profiles suitable for development as cell therapies for regenerative medicine and oncology. Mogrifys algorithm can also identify which genes are repressing cell-state conversionsa factor that has proven successful in enhancing conversion protocols in the past. Moreover, newer versions of the algorithm now include epigenetic data, which can be leveraged to predict growth factors and cytokines that are necessary for the maintenance of a specific cell type in culture.

MW: Can you tell us about any exciting upcoming or ongoing projects?PJ:The lead program at Mogrify is the development of chondrocyte conversions (via its subsidiary, Chondrogenix). As part of this program we are creating a scalable supply of chondrocytes from fibroblasts, which can be allogeneically implanted into the patient (without the need for gene editing, since cartilage is immune-privileged). This would effectively democratize the already approved ACI therapy, and make it considerably cheaper by transforming it into an off-the-shelf product. This initial program is currently entering pre-clinical testing. Were also working on converting osteoarthritic chondrocytes to healthy ones in vivo, in order to create the first disease-modifying therapy for osteoarthritis whereby the course of the disease is deterministically reversed.

Pierre-Louis Joffrin was speaking to Michele Wilson, Science Writer for Technology Networks.

View original post here:
Cell Conversions Transformed From Black Box Guesswork to Systematic Discovery - Technology Networks

CytoDyn Treats First Patient in Phase 1b/2 Clinical Trial with Leronlimab (PRO 140) for Patients with Treatment-Nave, Metastatic Triple-Negative…

VANCOUVER, Washington, Sept. 27, 2019 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) -- CytoDyn Inc. (OTC.QB: CYDY), (CytoDyn or the Company), a late stage biotechnology company developing leronlimab (PRO 140), a CCR5 antagonist with the potential for multiple therapeutic indications announced today the injection of the first patient in a Phase 1b/2 clinical protocol with treatment-nave metastatic triple-negative breast cancer (mTNBC).

The treatment of the first patient in mTNBC with leronlimab took place under the care of Dr. Jacob Lalezari, M.D. Dr Lalezari is a scientific advisor to CytoDyn and current Chief Executive Officer of Quest Clinical Research. Dr. Lalezari has authored more than 75 peer-reviewed articles and served as a principal investigator in over 200 clinical trials with a particular focus on first-in-man and proof of concept studies. Dr. Lalezari is also principle investigator for CytoDyns HIV monotherapy trial.

Results from this ongoing trial in mTNBC will dictate the Companys regulatory pathway, including the potential to seek Breakthrough Therapy Designation and accelerated approval with the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the use of leronlimab in mTNBC. Leronlimab has been granted Fast Track designation for mTNBC by the FDA based on a greater than 98% reduction of metastatic tumor volume in a murine xenograft model. Circulating Tumor Cells (CTC) will be evaluated in each patient every three weeks.

There is a growing body of evidence about the role of CCR5 in cancer and, in particular, how CCR5 blockade by a drug like leronlimab could have a multitude of anti-tumor effects including inhibition of immune inhibitory T-cells and promotion of anti-tumor activity by macrophages. These activities are synergistic with the exciting new class of immune-oncology drugs, stated Bruce Patterson, M.D., CEO of IncellDX.

Today marks a crucial milestone in our companys history, launching CytoDyn into clinical development in the oncology space, stated CytoDyn President and CEO, Nader Pourhassan, Ph.D. It is important to note that leronlimab has completed nine successful clinical trials and has been dosed in over 800 patients in our HIV programs, without a single drug-related serious adverse event (SAE), he continued. With this safety record and results from multiple pre-clinical trials in various cancer indications, including mTNBC, and other indications like NASH and GvHD, we are optimistic about the potential of leronlimab to provide a new therapeutic option for the roughly 37,000 women that are diagnosed with triple-negative breast cancer each year in the United States. We wish to thank the women who have agreed to participate in our trials and endeavor to provide each of them with clinical benefit. Along with our current mTNBC trial, CytoDyn will continue to enroll cancer patients under the expanded access program.

About Leronlimab (PRO 140)The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) have granted a Fast Track designation to CytoDyn for two potential indications of leronlimab for deadly diseases. The first as a combination therapy with highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) for HIV-infected patients and the second is for metastatic triple-negative breast cancer. Leronlimab is an investigational humanized IgG4 mAb that blocks CCR5, a cellular receptor that is important in HIV infection, tumor metastases, and other diseases including non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Leronlimab has successfully completed nine clinical trials in over 800 people, including meeting its primary endpoints in a pivotal Phase 3 trial (leronlimab in combination with standard anti-retroviral therapies in HIV-infected treatment-experienced patients).

In the setting of HIV/AIDS, leronlimab is a viral-entry inhibitor; it masks CCR5, thus protecting healthy T cells from viral infection by blocking the predominant HIV (R5) subtype from entering those cells. Leronlimab has been the subject of nine clinical trials, each of which demonstrated that leronlimab can significantly reduce or control HIV viral load in humans. The leronlimab antibody appears to be a powerful antiviral agent leading to potentially fewer side effects and less frequent dosing requirements compared with daily drug therapies currently in use.

In the setting of cancer, research has shown that CCR5 plays an important role in tumor invasion and metastasis. Increased CCR5 expression is an indicator of disease status in several cancers. Published studies have shown that blocking CCR5 can reduce tumor metastases in laboratory and animal models of aggressive breast and prostate cancer. Leronlimab reduced human breast cancer metastasis by more than 98% in a murine xenograft model. CytoDyn is therefore conducting aPhase 2 human clinical trial in metastatic triple-negative breast cancer and was granted Fast Track designation in May 2019. Additional research is being conducted with leronlimab in the setting of cancer and NASH with plans to conduct additionalclinical studies when appropriate.

The CCR5 receptor appears to play a central role in modulating immune cell trafficking to sites of inflammation and may be important in the development of acute graft-versus-host disease (GvHD) and other inflammatory conditions. Clinical studies by others further support the concept that blocking CCR5 using a chemical inhibitor can reduce the clinical impact of acute GvHD without significantly affecting the engraftment of transplanted bone marrow stem cells. CytoDyn is currently conducting a Phase 2 clinical study with leronlimab to further support the concept that the CCR5 receptor on engrafted cells is critical for the development of acute GvHD and that blocking this receptor from recognizing certain immune signaling molecules is a viable approach to mitigating acute GvHD. The FDA has granted orphan drug designation to leronlimab for the prevention of GvHD.

About CytoDynCytoDyn is a biotechnology company developing innovative treatments for multiple therapeutic indications based on leronlimab, a novel humanized monoclonal antibody targeting the CCR5 receptor. CCR5 appears to play a key role in the ability of HIV to enter and infect healthy T-cells. The CCR5 receptor also appears to be implicated in tumor metastasis and in immune-mediated illnesses, such as GvHD and NASH. CytoDyn has successfully completed a Phase 3 pivotal trial with leronlimab in combination with standard anti-retroviral therapies in HIV-infected treatment-experienced patients. CytoDyn plans to seek FDA approval for leronlimab in combination therapy and plans to complete the filing of a Biologics License Application (BLA) in 2019 for that indication. CytoDyn is also conducting a Phase 3 investigative trial with leronlimab as a once-weekly monotherapy for HIV-infected patients and, plans to initiate a registration-directed study of leronlimab monotherapy indication, which if successful, could support a label extension. Clinical results to date from multiple trials have shown that leronlimab can significantly reduce viral burden in people infected with HIV with no reported drug-related serious adverse events (SAEs). Moreover, results from a Phase 2b clinical trial demonstrated that leronlimab monotherapy can prevent viral escape in HIV-infected patients, with some patients on leronlimab monotherapy remaining virally suppressed for more than four years. CytoDyn is also conducting a Phase 2 trial to evaluate leronlimab for the prevention of GvHD and has received clearance to initiate a clinical trial with leronlimab in metastatic triple-negative breast cancer. More information is at http://www.cytodyn.com.

Forward-Looking StatementsThis press releasecontains certain forward-looking statements that involve risks, uncertainties and assumptions that are difficult to predict. Words and expressions reflecting optimism, satisfaction or disappointment with current prospects, as well as words such as believes, hopes, intends, estimates, expects, projects, plans, anticipates and variations thereof, or the use of future tense, identify forward-looking statements, but their absence does not mean that a statement is not forward-looking. The Companys forward-looking statements are not guarantees of performance, and actual results could vary materially from those contained in or expressed by such statements due to risks and uncertainties including: (i)the sufficiency of the Companys cash position, (ii)the Companys ability to raise additional capital to fund its operations, (iii) the Companys ability to meet its debt obligations, if any, (iv)the Companys ability to enter into partnership or licensing arrangements with third parties, (v)the Companys ability to identify patients to enroll in its clinical trials in a timely fashion, (vi)the Companys ability to achieve approval of a marketable product, (vii)the design, implementation and conduct of the Companys clinical trials, (viii)the results of the Companys clinical trials, including the possibility of unfavorable clinical trial results, (ix)the market for, and marketability of, any product that is approved, (x)the existence or development of vaccines, drugs, or other treatments that are viewed by medical professionals or patients as superior to the Companys products, (xi)regulatory initiatives, compliance with governmental regulations and the regulatory approval process, (xii)general economic and business conditions, (xiii)changes in foreign, political, and social conditions, and (xiv)various other matters, many of which are beyond the Companys control. The Company urges investors to consider specifically the various risk factors identified in its most recent Form10-K, and any risk factors or cautionary statements included in any subsequent Form10-Q or Form8-K, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Except as required by law, the Company does not undertake any responsibility to update any forward-looking statements to take into account events or circumstances that occur after the date of this press release.

CONTACTSInvestors:Nader Pourhassan, Ph.D.President & CEONPourhassan@CytoDyn.com

Continued here:
CytoDyn Treats First Patient in Phase 1b/2 Clinical Trial with Leronlimab (PRO 140) for Patients with Treatment-Nave, Metastatic Triple-Negative...