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Okyanos Cell Therapy Brings Stem Cell Education to North Florida – PR Web (press release)

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Tapestry Senior Living is Tallahasee's newest senior living and memory care facility, located at 2516 West Lakeshore Drive, Tallahassee, FL 32312.

Freeport, Grand Bahama (PRWEB) March 21, 2017

Okyanos Cell Therapy has announced Tallahassee, FL will be the next destination for a free educational seminar as part of their live events series, Stem Cell Therapy: The Next Phase in the Evolution of Medicine. As the Bahamas first fully licensed adult stem cell facility under the 2013 Stem Cell Research and Therapy Act, Okyanos maintains a mission to help no-option patients and those with serious, progressive conditions to return to a more normal life utilizing cell therapy. The Tallahasee event will take place at Tapestry Senior Living on Saturday, April 8, 2017 at 10:00am. Pre-registration is required. If you wish to attend or learn more, please email seminars(at)okyanos(dot)com.

With stem cells existing as somewhat of a buzzword in healthcare today, questions loom as to what the true potential of stem cell-based therapies is for conditions like Parkinsons Disease, osteoarthritis and heart failure. It is through their free live education series that Okyanos works to raise awareness and bring understanding on the potential of stem cell research and treatment, as well as the importance of patient safety and proper regulation.

Residents of Tapestry Senior Living of Tallahassee as well as members of the community are invited to attend this informative discussion on the functions of adult stem cells as well as clinical research and observations. Guests will hear from Moira T. Dolan, MD, who serves as a Patient Consultant at Okyanos. Dr. Dolan will provide an overview of how the stem cells present in body fat (adipose tissue) can be used to address chronic, degenerative conditions and help patients return to a more normal life.

My role at Okyanos and generally as a physician is to understand each of my patients individual challenges and needs, and to advocate for them as they make treatment choices, said Dr. Dolan, who is a diplomate of the American Board of Internal Medicine and holds certification with the American Board of Anti-Aging and Regenerative Medicine. Through our live events I enjoy the opportunity to discuss the promise of adult stem cell treatment for a wide range of conditions and share some of what we are seeing in our patients at Okyanos who have undergone our evidence-based treatment protocols.

We are very excited to have Okyanos at our facility for this event, said Mackenzie Hellstrom, Director of Sales and Marketing at Tapestry Senior Living. In Okyanos approach to personalized medicine and our emphasis on person-centered care, we saw an opportunity to work together and provide an enriching experience for our residents and the community with this information about adult stem cells.

For more information, please contact Okyanos by calling 855-OKYANOS (659-2667) or via email: seminars(at)okyanos(dot)com. Seating is limited for this event.

ABOUT OKYANOS CELL THERAPY: (OH KEY AH NOS)

Combining state-of-the art technologies delivered in the first cell therapy center of excellence in the world, Okyanos is a leading adult stem cell therapy provider. Okyanos Cell Therapy helps people living with chronic, degenerative diseases return to a more normal life through a treatment approach using fat-derived stem cells. Based in Freeport, Grand Bahama, Okyanos is fully licensed under the Bahamas Stem Cell Therapy and Research Act and adheres to U.S. surgical center standards. The literary name Okyanos, the Greek god of the river Okeanos, symbolizes restoration of blood flow. Learn more at http://www.okyanos.com.

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Okyanos Cell Therapy Brings Stem Cell Education to North Florida - PR Web (press release)

Blinded by science: Women go blind after stem-cell treatment at Florida clinic – Palm Beach Post (blog)

By Stem Cell Treatment

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Three women reportedly went blind after a stem cell treatment at a Florida clinic.

Whats more is that at least two of the women had gone to the clinic because it was listed as a macular degeneration study on a federal database.

Doctors call the incident an example of how risky such clinics can be.

News reports from The Associated Press, The New England Journal of Medicine and others say that a clinic the experimental procedure occurred was in Sunrise, Florida run by U.S. Stem Cell Inc.

Age-related macular degeneration can rob a person of their central vision.

The women were injected in their eyes with a cell preparation derived from her own fat tissue.

Ophthalmologist Dr. Thomas Albini of the University of Miami, who examined the women, said one woman is totally blind and the others legally blind. He said all suffered detached retinas.

These women had fairly functional vision prior to the procedure and were blinded by the next day, Albini said.

The clinics method hasnt been proven effective or tested for safety in people, he added.

Its very alarming to us as clinicians that somebody would do this to both eyes at the same time, said Albini.

Dr. Thomas Albini of the University of Miami.

Elizabeth Noble, one of the women said she was diagnosed with age-related macular degeneration that blurs the central vision. The former educator said she heard about the treatment at the clinic for a research study described on ClinicalTrials.gov, a website run by the National Institutes of Health.

The former educator said she heard about the treatment at the clinic for a research study described on ClinicalTrials.gov, a website run by the National Institutes of Health.

Its very easy to register studies on ClinicalTrials.gov and essentially use a government website as a marketing device, Leigh Turner, a bioethicist at the University of Minnesota, told BuzzFeed News.

Noble went to the clinic in June 2015 where staff took fat from around her belly button, extracted those cells and mixed them with Nobles blood plasma. They then injected it into both her eyes for $5,000, according to a story in Buzzfeed.

In an editorial accompanying the Journals report, stem cell expert Dr. George Daley, dean of Harvard Medical School, called the clinics treatment careless.

This report joins a small but growing medical literature highlighting the risks of such wanton misapplication of cellular therapy, he wrote. Providing such treatments for profit outside a proper research setting is a gross violation of professional and possibly legal standards, he said.

Buzzfeed reports this isnt the first time experimental procedures at a clinic have gone awry.

In 2010, for example, a woman with the autoimmune disease lupus died after her own bone marrow cells were injected into her kidneys at a clinic in Thailand.

In 2013, the Florida Department of Health revoked the medical license of Zannos Grekos over the death of a 69-year-old woman. He had extracted material from her bone marrow, filtered it, and then infused it into the arteries feeding her brain. The woman had a stroke.

Treatment for age-related macular generation is at the center of the Medicare fraud trial in West Palm Beach of Dr. Salomon Melgen, who happens also to be tied to a bribery scandal involving a U.S. senator.

Read The Palm Beach Posts coverage of the fascinating Melgen trial by clicking here.

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Blinded by science: Women go blind after stem-cell treatment at Florida clinic - Palm Beach Post (blog)

Three women blinded by unapproved stem-cell ‘treatment’ at South Florida clinic – Washington Post

By Stem Cell Treatment

Three women with macular degeneration became permanently blind after undergoing anunproven stem-cell treatment touted as a clinical trial at a South Florida clinic. Medical experts said the episode raises questions about whether the government and doctors are doing enough to protect patients from the dangers of unapproved therapies.

The episode, described Wednesday in an article in the New England Journal of Medicine, represents one of the most egregious examples of patient injury involving a stem-cell clinic. These facilities have sprung up by the hundreds across the country over the past several years. Many offer supposed experimental treatments for ailments ranging from hip problems to autism to ALS.

Of special concern, said Jeffrey Goldberg, professor of ophthalmology at the Stanford University School of Medicine and one of the authors of the report,was the clinic's ability to list its study on a comprehensive database of clinical trials called ClinicalTrials.gov, which is run by the National Institutes of Health. At least one of the patients and maybe more believed that she was taking part in a government-sanctioned study, he said.

Goldberg called the incident a wake-up call across the spectrum for patients, physicians and government regulators. Surely, he said, it's an opportunity for the FDA to increase patient safety for these unapproved clinical trials.

Thomas Albini, a University of Miami ophthalmologist and another one of the authors, said that he and his colleagues at the Bascom Palmer Eye Institute had treated two of the patients for severe complications in 2015, shortly after they had undergone the stem-cell procedures at a clinic in Sunrise, Fla. The severe complications included detached retinas, hemorrhages and vision loss.

It's a disaster, Albini said, noting that the patients, before the stem-cell treatments, had only moderate vision loss. Buyer beware:These stem-cell clinics that function in this very unregulated way are doing procedures that are not approved and they can be quite dangerous.

The NEJM article did not identify the clinic or the patients, but its listing on the ClinicalTrials.gov website shows the sponsor as Bioheart Inc., also known as U.S. Stem Cell Inc., and says that the study was withdrawn before patients were enrolled. The clinic still has other stem-cell studies listed on the site, including for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and degenerative disc disease.

[Stem-cell clinics face new scrutiny from regulators]

Repeated calls to U.S. Stem Cell and to Kristin Comella, who is listed as the chief scientific officer, have not been returned. In a NPR story last year, Comella said that two of the clinic's patients had suffered detached retinas following treatments, prompting the clinic to stop doing eye procedures.

According to Florida court filings, two of the patients involved, ages 72 and 78 at the time,sued the clinic and some individuals involved in the procedures. Their attorney, Andrew Yaffa of Coral Gables, said that the case was resolved to the mutual satisfaction of the parties but that neither he nor his clients could comment beyond that.The third patient was an 88-year-old Oklahoma resident who sought medical help a week after the stem-cell procedure at the Dean McGee Eye Institute in Oklahoma City.

Albini said the eye damage could have been the result of contamination during preparation of the stem cells. He also said it was possible that the stem cells could have changed into cells that are associated with scarring.Even if the solution had been prepared correctly, he said, there's no evidence that it could have helped restore the patients' vision.

Albini said the three patients paid $5,000 each for the stem-cell procedure, which involved conducting mini-liposuction procedures to remove fat from the abdominal area, isolating the stem cells from the fat and injecting those cells directly into eyes. Charging the patients was a red flag, he said, that this was not a traditional clinical trial. A second was treating both eyes at the same time, rather than seeing how one eye responded before treating the other.

[Huge NIH clinical-trials data base lacks key details.]

Age-related macular degeneration is the leading cause of vision loss in people older than 75 in the United States. While researchers are making tremendous progress using stem cells to treat the disease, the field requires careful study with meticulously designed trials, the authors of the paper said. The FDA has approved only a few stem-cell therapies, mostly for blood disorders.

The proliferation of stem-cell clinics there are more than 570 of them, according to a study published last year has ignited a fierce debate among physicians, patients and scientists about how they should be regulated.FDA rules allow the use of patients' own stem cells for treatments, without agency approval, but only if the procedures meet stringent conditions. The stem cells, for example, cannot be more than minimally manipulated and must be intended for the original function. That would not typically include using stem cells from fat to repair eye cells.

Albini said that the FDA had started an investigation into the case but a spokeswoman said the agency does not discuss potential or ongoing investigations. She added that consumers are encouraged to contact the FDA and state authorities to report any potentially illegal or harmful activity related to stem-cell-based products. The FDA has issued several drafts of guidance for the stem-cell industry to try to outline its thinking on the matter, but the documents have not been finalized, and many clinic operators oppose FDA regulation.

[Unregulated stem-cell clinics are proliferating across the United States.]

Paul Knoepfler, a stem-cell scientist at the University of California at Davis who is a frequent critic of the clinics, said he didn't understand why the FDA and the NIH have not moved more aggressively to ensure patient safety.

It's puzzling and concerning, he said. He said that allowing the clinics to list their trials on ClinicalTrials.gov is almost like a form of advertising for products that don't have FDA approval. That's really problematic.

In a statement, the NIH said that the information on ClinicalTrials.gov is provided by study sponsors and thatposting on the site doesn't reflect endorsement by the NIH, which doesn't independently verify the scientific validity of the trial. It also said that every study includes links to an NIH disclaimer. However, we agree that such caveats need to be clearer to all users and we will be adding a more prominent disclaimer in the future.

Read more:

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Three women blinded by unapproved stem-cell 'treatment' at South Florida clinic - Washington Post

Stem cell therapy shows promise in treating spinal cord injuries, Canadian study – Cantech Letter

By Stem Cell Treatment

Spinal cord injuries are among the most dramatic and devastating of all injuries, in part because they stem from traumatic accidents but also because there are very few treatment options.

While medical advances have been made in the areas of injury management and improved long-term functioning, for those dealing with spinal cord injuries the sad truth is that researchers have yet to come up with a cure for paralysis.

Victims of spinal cord injuries are left facing a lifelong disability, one that comes not only with a range of personal burdens but which also extracts its toll on the healthcare system studies have shown that the lifetime economic burden of spinal cord injuries in Canada ranges between $1.5 to $3.0 million per individual.

Yet cell therapies represent one area of current research that appears likely to deliver positive results. According to a new study from researchers with the University Health Network and the University of Toronto, the neuroregenerative potential of this approach is promising.

Cell therapy, which in general refers to any procedure involving the implantation of cells, comes in different guises in spinal cord research, depending on the type of cells employed. Clinical research is already being performed using stem cells, which have the ability to self-renew and to differentiate into a variety of specialized cells, and glial cells, which support neural functioning.

The aim in both cases is to introduce the new cells so as to encourage regrowth of nerve fibres where they have been severed and thereby restore nerve function, a seemingly impossible task, since along with the structural damage caused by spinal cord injury comes a series of secondary events such as scarring and inflammation which, although normal bodily repair processes, can effectively impede the chances at regrowth and reconnection of neural networks.

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Reviewing the current state of affairs in spinal cord research, the researchers find that cell therapies, especially those that combine more than one approach, are showing promise but need further study and clinical trials. While combinatorial treatments using cell-coupling, trophic factors, biomaterials, and rehabilitation, may help to improve stem cell effectiveness among a heterogeneous patient population, there is still much research required to optimize their application, say the studys authors.

The researchers found that in early clinical trials, for example, cell therapies have shown modest improvements connected to functional recovery, yet they say that the results are encouraging and that even slight enhancements in sensation and function for those dealing with spinal cord injuries are often quite meaningful. It is clear that a lot remains to be understood in the translation of stem cell therapies, say the studys authors. However, given the significant strides in laboratory work, we should not lose sight of their potential.

The new research is published in the journal Expert Opinion on Biological Therapy.

The primary causes of spinal cord injuries are motor vehicle accidents and unintentional falls, each accounting for a little over 40 per cent of spinal cord injuries. According to Spinal Cord Injury Ontario, there are 1,500 new spinal cord injuries each year and a total of 86,000 Canadians currently living with spinal cord injuries.

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Stem cell therapy shows promise in treating spinal cord injuries, Canadian study - Cantech Letter

Stem cell therapy could help mend the youngest of broken hearts – Medical Xpress

By Stem Cell Treatment

March 21, 2017 Credit: University of Bristol

Researchers have shown stem cells from the umbilical cord may hold the key to a new generation of graft and could reduce the number of surgeries required to treat young children born with certain types of congenital heart disease.

Congenital heart disease (CHD) is the most common type of birth defect. In the UK alone over 4,000 babies are diagnosed with CHD each year and thanks to advances in treatment and care, more than eight out of ten CHD babies grow up to be adults.

However, the only treatment for these conditions is corrective surgery where a piece of tissue, known as an implant, is used to replace the damaged area. Often surgery has to be repeated several times throughout childhood as the child's heart outgrows the artificial implant used to repair it.

Professors Massimo Caputo and Paolo Madeddu, in the Bristol Heart Institute, a newly created specialist research institute (SRI) at the University of Bristol, have developed cellular grafts using stem cells from the umbilical cord and placenta that are able to grow like living tissue and it is hoped would be able to grow along with a child's heart. These new grafts would mean that instead of having multiple operations to insert bigger grafts as the patient's heart grows only one operation would be needed.

These grafts have been tested in animal models that closely resemble the 'real-world' scenario and tested for their capacity to grow and regenerate the damaged heart. The researchers are also exploring which cells are best suited for the graft so that a wide range of treatment options and solutions could be tailored to the patients' needs. With the first two phases of research completed, the academics are now preparing to start a clinical trial in newborn babies.

Massimo Captuo, Professor of Congenital Heart Surgery from the School of Clinical Sciences, said: "We believe stem cells from the umbilical cord, usually discarded after birth, could hold the key to a new generation of graft. These grafts grow at the same rate as the children they're used to treat and reduce the risk of rejection after transplant as they contain the child's own DNA."

Paolo Madeddu, Professor of Experimental Cardiovascular Medicine from the School of Clinical Sciences, added: "The long-term outcomes for most young children remains poor and significantly affects their quality of life. By developing these new grafts, we hope to reduce the amount of surgeries that a child born with congenital heart disease must go through."

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Mayo Clinic has announced the first U.S. stem cell clinical trial for pediatric congenital heart disease. The trial aims to determine how stem cells from autologous umbilical cord blood can help children with hypoplastic ...

In a first-in-children randomized clinical study, medical researchers at the University of Maryland School of Medicine (UM SOM) and the Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute (ISCI) at the University of Miami Miller School ...

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A small protein that could protect the brain from stroke-induced injury has been discovered by researchers from The University of Queensland and Monash University.

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Stem cell therapy could help mend the youngest of broken hearts - Medical Xpress

A New Form of Stem-Cell Engineering Raises Ethical Questions – New York Times

By Stell Cell Research

New York Times
A New Form of Stem-Cell Engineering Raises Ethical Questions
New York Times
A scan of the surface of a human embryonic stem cell. Credit David Scharf/Science Source. As biological research races forward, ethical quandaries are piling up. In a report published Tuesday in the journal eLife, researchers at Harvard Medical School ...
Harvard Scientists Call For Better Rules To Guide Research On 'Embryoids'NPR

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A New Form of Stem-Cell Engineering Raises Ethical Questions - New York Times

Researchers at UW-Madison discover new ways to grow stem cells – Wisconsin Independent (press release)

By Stem Cell Medical Center

MADISON Researchers at the University of Wisconsin-Madison are turning back to the roots in nature to grow human cells that could someday be used on patients with neurological disorders.

UW-Madison professor of bio-medical engineering, Bill Murphy, took his approach to this research straight from plants. Seeing how plants use cells to feed and help organize themselves, Murphy got an idea.

Murphy toldMadison.com,Rather than having to manufacture these devices using high-tech approaches, we could literally pick them off of a tree, said Murphy, co-director of the UW-Madison Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Center.

According toMadison.com

The strength, porosity and large surface area of plants could prove superior to making scaffolds using current methods, such as 3-D printing and injection molding, Murphy said.

Plants have a huge capacity to grow cell populations, he said. They can deliver fluids very efficiently to their leaves At the microscale, theyre very well organized.

In addition, there are many plants to chose from. After Murphys inspirational gaze out the window, he and Fontana tested plants as scaffolds for stem cells using varieties they could easily obtain: parsley, spinach, jewelweed, water horsetail, summer lilac and, from the UW Arboretum, soft-stem bulrush.

For more on Murphy and other researchers at UW-Madison, visitMadison.com.

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Researchers at UW-Madison discover new ways to grow stem cells - Wisconsin Independent (press release)

Electroacupuncture Releases Stem Cells to Relieve Pain and More, Study Finds – National Pain Report

By Stem Cell Medical Center

By Staff

Electroacupuncture triggers a neurological response that releases stem cells that can relieve injury-induced pain, and help promote tissue repair, says a study in the journal Stem Cells led by Indiana University School of Medicine.

The school outlined its findings in a media release:

Electroacupuncture is a form of acupuncture that uses a small electrical current to augment the ancient Chinese medical practice of inserting fine needles into the skin at pre-determined points throughout the body.

For the study, a team of more than 40 scientists at institutions in the United States and South Korea was led by four senior authors including IU School of Medicines Maria B. Grant, MD, Marilyn Glick Professor of Ophthalmology and co-corresponding author; Mervin C. Yoder, MD, IU Distinguished Professor, Richard and Pauline Klingler Professor of Pediatrics, associate dean for entrepreneurial research at IU School of Medicine, director of the Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research and co-corresponding author; and Fletcher A. White, PhD, Vergil K. Stoelting Chair ofAnesthesia, professor of anesthesia, pharmacology and toxicology.

This work is a classic example of the power of team science, where investigators in different institutions with specific expertise worked together to unravel the complexity of how electroacupuncture works to help the body respond to stressors, said Dr. Yoder.

The researchers performed a series of lab tests involving humans, horses and rodents that follow the effects of electroacupuncture from the stimulus of the needle all the way to the brain, resulting in the release of reparative mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) into the bloodstream.

Depending on the species, electroacupuncture led to activation of the hypothalamusa part of the brain that controls the nervous system and involuntary bodily functions such as heart rate and digestionwithin nine to 22 minutes. The stem cells were mobilized within two hours.

The acupuncture stimulus were giving these animals has a rapid effect on neuroanatomical pathways that connect the stimulus point in the arm to responsive neurons in the spinal cord and into a region in the brain called the hypothalamus. In turn, the hypothalamus directs outgoing signals to stem cell niches resulting in their release, said Dr. White, who is a neuroscientist at the Richard L. Roudebush VA Medical Center in Indianapolis.

The researchers found electroacupuncture treatments resulted in higher thresholds for injury-induced pain, as well as considerable increases in the presence of a type of collagen that promotes tendon repair and anti-inflammatory cells known to be predictors of faster healing time.

Dr. White said these findings could lead to new strategies for tissue repair and pain management related to injuries.

We could potentially capture the MSCs from an individuals blood following electroacupuncture and save the cells for future re-introduction in the patient post-surgery or to treat chronic pain due to an injury, he said.

The horses used in the study had been injured during training for international dressage competitions, and the six people who took part were healthy volunteers, who still showed activation of their hypothalamus through brain imaging.

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Electroacupuncture Releases Stem Cells to Relieve Pain and More, Study Finds - National Pain Report

Stem Cell Journals | Peer Reviewed | High Impact Articles list

By Embryonic Stem Cells

Index Copernicus Value: 85.83

Cell is the structural and the functional unit of all the organisms on the earth and Cell Science is a scientific discipline that studies the structure and the physiological characters of these cells. Human beings are multi-cellular organisms with an estimated 1014 cells.

The Journal of Stem Cell Research & Therapy is the best Open Access journal that acts as a forum for translational research into stem cell therapies. Stem cells differ from other types of cells as they are unspecialized cells that are capable of changing themselves into almost any type of specialist cells. Journal of Stem Cell Research & Therapy is scientific journal that overlays the study of Cancer stem cells, stem cell therapy, stem-cell transplantation, regenerative medicine, human embryonic stem cells, Neural stem cells, Murine Embryonic Stem Cells, Adult stem cell, Pancreatic stem cells, Totipotent Stem Cells, Pluripotent Stem Cells, Mesenchymal Stem Cells, Hematopoietic Stem Cells (HSCs), Multipotent Stem Cells, Myeloid Stem Cells, Fetal Stem Cell Therapy, Stem Cell Therapy for Diabetes, Plant Stem Cells, Dental Stem Cells, Stem Cell Preservation, Stem Cell Therapy for Osteoarthritis, etc.

Scholarly Journal of Stem Cell Research & Therapy is using online manuscript submission, review and tracking systems of Editorial Manager for quality and quick review processing. Review processing is performed by the editorial board members of Journal of Stem Cell Research and Therapy or outside experts; at least two independent reviewers approval followed by editor approval is required for acceptance of any citable manuscript.

It is an undifferentiated cell which is capable of transforming into more cells of same type or multiple other types. They are found in multicellular organisms. They can differentiate into cells of blood, skin, heart, muscles, brain etc. In adult human being, they replenish the dead cells of various organs. Stem cells are being used for treatment of various diseases like diabetes, arthritis, few cancers, bone marrow failure etc.

Related Journals of Stem Cell

Insights in Stem Cells, Fertilization: In Vitro - IVF-Worldwide, Reproductive Medicine, Genetics & Stem Cell Biology,Stem Cells, Cell Stem Cell, Stem Cells and Development, Stem Cell Reviews and Reports, Current Stem Cell Research and Therapy, Stem Cell Research

They can develop into any cell type or organ in the body. A single totipotent stem cell can give rise to an entire organism. Fertilized egg or a zygote is the best example. Zygote divides and produces more totipotent cells. After 4 days the cells lose totipotency and become pluripotent.

Related Journals ofTotipotent Stem Cells

Breast Cancer: Current Research, Cancer Diagnosis, Reproductive Medicine, Genetics & Stem Cell Biology, Stem Cell Research and Therapy, Stem Cells International, Stem cells translational medicine, Current Protocols in Stem Cell Biology

They can differentiate into any cell type in the human body. Embryonic stem cells are mostly pluripotent stem cells. They have the ability to differentiate into any of three germ layers: endoderm, mesoderm, or ectoderm.

Related Journals ofPluripotent Stem Cells

Cancer Science & Therapy, Cervical Cancer: Open Access, Reproductive Medicine, Genetics & Stem Cell Biology, Stem Cell Reports, Hematology/ Oncology and Stem Cell Therapy, Journal of Stem Cells, International Journal of Stem Cells

These are multipotent stem cells normally found in the bone marrow and are derived from mesenchyme. They differentiate into adipocytes, chondrocytes, osteoblasts, myocytes and tendon. MSCs can also be extracted from blood, fallopian tube, fetal liver and lungs.

Related Journals ofMesenchymal Stem Cells

Insights in Stem Cells, Fertilization: In Vitro - IVF-Worldwide, Reproductive Medicine, Genetics & Stem Cell Biology, Journal of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Stem Cells and Cloning: Advances and Applications, International Journal of Hematology-Oncology and Stem Cell Research

They are the multipotent stem cells derived from mesoderm and located in red bone marrow. They are responsible for production of red blood cells, white blood cells and platelets. HSCs give rise to myeloid lineage (which forms erythrocytes, eosinophils, basophils, neutrophils, macrophages, mast cells and platelets) and lymphoid lineage (which forms T-lymphocytes, plasma cells and NK cells).

Related Journals ofHematopoietic Stem Cells

Insights in Stem Cells, Fertilization: In Vitro - IVF-Worldwide, Reproductive Medicine, Genetics & Stem Cell Biology, International Journal of Hematology-Oncology and Stem Cell Research, Open Stem Cell Journal, Stem Cell, Stem Cell Research Journal

They can differentiate into more than one cell type, but only into a limited number of cell types. Hematopoietic stem cells are considered multipotent as they can differentite into red blood cells, platelets, white blood cells but they cannot differentiate into hepatocytes or brain cells.

Related Journals ofMultipotent Stem Cells

Cancer Medicine & Anti Cancer Drugs, Colorectal Cancer: Open Access, Reproductive Medicine, Genetics & Stem Cell Biology, Blood, Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism, Biology of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Pediatric Blood and Cancer, Blood Cells, Molecules, and Diseases, Blood Reviews

Cells with stem cell like abilities have been observed breast cancer, colon cancer, leukemia, melanoma, prostate cancer which can form new cells and lead to tumorigenesis. They cause relapse and metastasis by giving rise to new tumors. Scientists are developing methods to destroy CSCs in place of traditional methods which focus on bulk of cancer cells.

Related Journals ofCancer Stem Cells

Head and Neck Cancer Research, Lung Cancer Diagnosis & Treatment, Genetics & Stem Cell Biology, Cancer Research, Nature Reviews Cancer, Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Clinical Cancer Research, Cancer Cell, Cancer, International Journal of Cancer, British Journal of Cancer

They are derived from Hematopoietic stem cells. They differentiate into Erythrocyte progenitor cell (forms erythrocytes), Thrombocyte progenitor cell (forms platelets) and Granulocyte-Monocyte progenitor cell (forms monocytes, macrophages, neutrophils, basophils, eosinophils, dendritic cells).

Related Journals ofMyeloid Stem cells

Insights in Stem Cells, Fertilization: In Vitro - IVF-Worldwide, Reproductive Medicine, Genetics & Stem Cell Biology, Clinical Medicine Insights: Blood Disorders, Electrolyte and Blood Pressure, Integrated Blood Pressure Control, Indian Journal of Hematology and Blood Transfusion, Current Studies in Hematology and Blood Transfusion, Blood Research, High Blood Pressure and Cardiovascular Prevention, Blood Cancer Journal, BMC Blood Disorders, Blood Transfusion

They are the self-renewing, multipotent stem cells in the nervous system that differentiate into neurons, astrocytes and oligodendrocytes. They repair the nervous system after damage or an injury. They have potential clinical use the management of Parkinsons disease, Huntingtons disease and multiple sclerosis.

Related Journals ofNeural Stem Cells

Oncology & Cancer Case Reports, Prostate Cancer, Reproductive Medicine, Genetics & Stem Cell Biology, Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, Cortex; a journal devoted to the study of the nervous system and behavior, Child's Nervous System, Journal of the Peripheral Nervous System, Central Nervous System Agents in Medicinal Chemistry

They are derived from embryo in the blastocyst stage. They are pluripotent stem cells. They give rise to all derivatives of the three primary germ layers: endoderm (stomach, colon, liver, pancreas, intestines etc.), mesoderm (muscle, bone, cartilage, connective tissue, lymphatic system, circulatory system, genitourinary system etc.) and ectoderm (brain, spinal cord, epidermis etc.).

Related Journals ofEmbryonic Stem Cells

Human Genetics & Embryology, Breast Cancer: Current Research, Reproductive Medicine, Genetics & Stem Cell Biology, Birth Defects Research Part C - Embryo Today: Reviews, Advances in Anatomy Embryology and Cell Biology, Journal of Veterinary Medicine Series C: Anatomia Histologia Embryologia, Italian Journal of Anatomy and Embryology, Romanian Journal of Morphology and Embryology, Neuroembryology, Neuroembryology and Aging

Embryonic stem cells are derived from the fetus are used in treatment of various diseases. As ESCs are pluripotent, they can differentiate into any cell type. Researchers are able to grow ESC s into complex cells types like pancreatic -cells and cardiocytes. Fetal cell therapy is generating lot of controversy from religious groups and ethics committees.

Related Journals ofFetal Stem Cell Therapy

Insights in Stem Cells, Fertilization: In Vitro - IVF-Worldwide, Reproductive Medicine, Genetics & Stem Cell Biology, Archives of Disease in Childhood: Fetal and Neonatal Edition, Seminars in Fetal and Neonatal Medicine, Journal of Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine, Fetal Diagnosis and Therapy, Journal of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Fetal and Pediatric Pathology, Fetal and Maternal Medicine Review, Journal of Maternal-Fetal Investigation, International Journal of Infertility and Fetal Medicine

Research is being done to use stem cells for the treatment of diabetes mellitus. Human embryonic stem cells may be grown in vivo and stimulated to produce pancreatic -cells and later transplanted to the patient. Its success depends on response of the patients immune system and ability of the transplanted cells to proliferate, differentiate and integrate with the target tissue.

Related Journals of Stem Cell Therapy for Diabetes

Endocrinology & Diabetes Research, Diabetes & Metabolism, Reproductive Medicine, Genetics & Stem Cell Biology, Diabetes Care, Diabetes, Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism, The Lancet Diabetes and Endocrinology, Endocrine-Related Cancer, Best Practice and Research in Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, Journal of Endocrinology

The procedure to replace damaged cells (in cancers, aplastic anemia etc.) with healthy stem cells of the same person or in another compatible person to restore the normal production of cells. It can either be autologous or allogeneic. Bone marrow HSCs are generally used for the transplantation.

Related Journals of Stem Cell Transplant

Cancer Diagnosis, Cancer Science & Therapy, Cervical Cancer: Open Access, Gastrointestinal Cancer and Stromal Tumors, Genetics & Stem Cell Biology, Cell Transplantation, Journal of Cell Biology, Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology, Molecular Cell, Nature Cell Biology, Molecular and Cellular Biology, Cancer Cell, Current Opinion in Cell Biology

They are the totipotent, undifferentiated cells present in the meristems (shoot and root apices) of a plant. They never undergo aging process and can grow into any cell in the plant throughout its lifetime. They have numerous applications in production of cosmetics, perfumes, pigments, insecticides and antimicrobials.

Related Journals ofPlant Stem Cells

Plant Pathology & Microbiology, Plant Biochemistry & Physiology, Plant Physiology & Pathology, Genetics & Stem Cell Biology, Plant Cell, Plant Physiology, Plant Journal, Trends in Plant Science, Current Opinion in Plant Biology, Plant, Cell and Environment, American Journal of Transplantation, Plant Molecular Biology

Several types of dental stem cells have been isolated from mature and immature teeth, exfoliated deciduous teeth and apical papilla, MSCS from tooth germs and from human periodontal ligament. They are found to be multipotent and can give rise to osteogenic, adipogenic, myogenic and neurogenic cell lineages.

Related Journals of Dental Stem Cells

Oral Health and Dental Management, Research & Reviews: Journal of Dental Sciences, Dental Implants and Dentures: open access, Genetics & Stem Cell Biology, International Endodontic Journal, Dental Materials, Journal of Dental Research, Caries Research, Journal of Endodontics, Monographs in Oral Science, Molecular Oral Microbiology, Journal of Dentistry,International journal of oral science

Adipose tissue is a huge source of mesenchymal stem cells which differentiate into various cell types. They can be easily extracted in large numbers by a simple lipo-aspiration. They have good application potential in regenerative medicine. ASCs are found to have the ability to differentiate into bone cells, cartilage cells, nerve cells, adipocytes etc.

Related Journals of Adipose Derived Stem Cells

Childhood Obesity, Obesity and Eating Disorders, Reproductive Medicine, Genetics & Stem Cell Biology, International Journal of Obesity, Obesity, Obesity Surgery, Obesity Reviews, Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism, Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism, Surgery for Obesity and Related Diseases, Pediatric obesity

Preservation of stem cells is critical for both research and clinical application of stem-cell based therapies. Properly preserved stem cells can be later used in the field of regenerative medicine for treating congenital disorders, heart defects etc. Currently there is no universal method for preserving stem cells and the existing methods are expensive.

Related Journals ofStem Cell Preservation

Oncology & Cancer Case Reports, Prostate Cancer, Fertilization: In Vitro - IVF-Worldwide, Reproductive Medicine, Genetics & Stem Cell Biology, Journal of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Stem Cells and Cloning: Advances and Applications, International Journal of Hematology-Oncology and Stem Cell Research, Open Stem Cell Journal, Stem Cell, Stem Cell Research Journal

MSCs can be applied in osteoarthritis treatment through implantation and microfracture as well as intra-articular injections. Single injection studies have showed improvement from pain which decreased overtime. Multiple, regular MSC injections into joints may be necessary.

Related Journals ofStem Cell Therapy for Osteoarthritis

Osteoporosis and Physical Activity, Osteoarthritis, Fertilization: In Vitro - IVF-Worldwide, Reproductive Medicine, Genetics & Stem Cell Biology, Osteoarthritis and Cartilage, Arthritis and Rheumatism, Arthritis Care and Research, Arthritis Research and Therapy, Seminars in Arthritis and Rheumatism

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Stem Cell Journals | Peer Reviewed | High Impact Articles list

History | Boston Childrens Hospital Stem Cell Research

By Embryonic Stem Cells

Since the 19th century, scientists from all over the world have studied stem cells, from plants, to mice, to patients in search of a cure for their diseases.

1868 The term stem cell appears in scientific literature, when German biologist Ernst Haeckel uses the phrase stem cell to describe the fertilized egg that becomes an organism, and also to describe the single-celled organism that acted as the ancestor cell to all living things in history. Read more.

1886 William Sedgwick uses the term stem cells to describe the parts of a plant that grow and regenerate.

June 1, 1909 Russian academic Alexander Maximow lectures at the Berlin Hematological Society on a theory that all blood cells come from the same ancestor cell. This introduces the idea of blood stem cells that are multi-potent, or have the ability to differentiate into several types of cells. Read more.

1953 Leroy Stevens, a Maine scientist performing cancer research in mice, finds large tumors in their scrotums. These tumors, known as teratomas, contained mixtures of differentiated and undifferentiated cells, including hair, bone, intestinal and blood tissue. Researchers concluded the cells were pluripotent, meaning they can differentiate into any cell found in a fully grown animal. Read more.

1957 E. Donnall Thomas, a physician-scientist working in Seattle, attempts the first human bone marrow transplantation. (He later wins the Nobel Prize for this work in 1990).

February 2, 1963 Canadian scientists Ernest McCulloch and James Till perform experiments on the bone marrow of mice and observe that different blood cells come from a special class of cells. This is one of the first pieces of evidence of blood stem cells.

1968 Robert A. Good of the University of Minnesota performs the first successful bone marrow transplant on a child patient suffering from an immune deficiency that killed others in his family. The boy received bone marrow from his sister, and he grew into healthy adulthood.

1981 Two scientists, Martin Evans of the University of Cambridge and Gail Martin of the University of California, San Francisco, conduct separate studies and derive pluripotent stem cells from the embryos of mice. These early cells are the first embryonic stem cells ever to be isolated.

Dec. 5, 1986 Andrew Lassar and Harold Weintraub of Seattle, Washington, report results from an experiment in which they converted rodent fibroblasts (a type of connective tissue) directly into myoblasts (which generate muscle cells), using a single gene (MyoD). Being able to convert one type of adult cell into another may be important for regenerative medicine.

1989 Research from scientists Mario Capecchi, Martin Evans and Oliver Smithies comes together, creating the first knockout mice, which are mice specially bred in the laboratory to be missing specific genes. These mice are created using embryonic stem cells and homologous recombination, a process in which similar strands of DNA switch genes. Since scientists bred the first knockout mice, there have been more than 500 different mouse models of human disease. In 2007, the Nobel Assembly recognized these three scientists for their research, which has proven to be invaluable in understanding how various human diseases, including diabetes and cancer, develop.

1997 Dominique Bonnet and John Dick of Canada discover that leukemia comes from the same stem cells that make our blood cells. This is one of the first major studies to say that cancer grows out of stem cells gone off course, supporting the concept of cancer stem cells.

Nov. 6, 1998 A team at the University of Wisconsin, Madison, led by James Thomson and Jeffrey Jones, reports the creation of the first batch of human embryonic stem cells, which they derived from early embryos. After finding the cells were pluripotent, the team sees the potential the cells have for drug discovery and transplantation medicine.

Aug. 9, 2001 President George W. Bush signs an order authorizing the use of federal funds for research on a limited number of existing human embryonic stem cell lines. (Click here for the Presidents remarks.) Scientists fear several of these available lines are now too old for research.

April 5, 2002 A Whitehead Institute team that includes future Childrens Hospital Boston stem cell researcher George Q. Daley, MD PhD reports combining the use of gene and cell-based therapy to treat a mouse model of immune deficiency. Read more.

Dec. 10, 2003 George Q. Daley and his team publish findings on converting stem cells from mice into germ cells and, eventually, primitive sperm cells that are able to fertilize egg cells. These embryonic germ cells give scientists a chance to study different processes, including cancer growth and the development of sperm cells.

May 19, 2005 South Korean scientists under the direction of Woo-Suk Hwang announce that theyve used therapeutic cloning to create 11 stem cell liness that match their donors, one year after reporting the creation of the first human stem cells with this method. The report excites the scientific community, since the immune systems of patients receiving their own stem cells are unlikely to reject the transplants, a common problem for donated organ transplants. However, the journal Science later retracts the Hwang paper, when it is revealed that the Korean scientists falsified their results. Researchers at Childrens show that one of the lines was actually created through parthenogenesis, a process in which a single egg cell is stimulated to divide without a sperm cell.

Dec. 15, 2005 Yuan Wang, George Q. Daley, and other researchers at Childrens publish findings in which they dramatically improved the process of converting embryonic stem cells from mice into blood stem cells for transplantation.

Aug. 25, 2006 Japanese scientists Shinya Yamanaka and Kazutoshi Takahashi announce the creation of rodent induced pluripotent cells (iPS cells). iPS cells are adult cells reprogrammed to look and function like embryonic stem cells, which makes them another valuable resource for stem cell research and eventual cellular therapeutics.

Dec. 14, 2006 George Q. Daley and colleagues at Childrens report the creation of donor-matched embryonic stem cells in mice through parthenogenesis. (Read Childrens press release.) Parthenogenesis may prove to be an alternative to embryonic stem cells or therapeutic cloning. The team hopes to one day use patient-specific, parthenogenetic stem cells for therapies in their female donors, whose immune systems are unlikely to reject the cells.

November/December, 2007 Three independent teams in Japan, Wisconsin and Boston, led by Shinya Yamanaka, James Thomson, and George Q. Daley, respectively, announce that they have created human iPS cells. The study in the Daley Lab at Childrens is the first iPS project to begin with a donor walking in and having a sample taken, rather than being generated from a frozen sample. Genetically matched to their donor, iPS cells would theoretically not be rejected by the immune system, an important advantage in transplantation medicine.

Aug. 6, 2008 The Stem Cell Program at Boston Childrens Hospital announces the creation of 10 disease-specific lines of iPS cells. These cells provide scientists with laboratory models of diseases such as Down syndrome and muscular dystrophy, and will help them find innovative ways to understand, prevent and treat such diseases. (Read Childrens press release.) This work was recognized at the end of 2008 as contributing to the Breakthrough of the Year in Science magazine.

In the video above, George Daley is interviewed for a Science magazine video introducing cell reprogramming as its 2008 Breakthrough of the Year.

Aug. 27, 2008 A team of scientists from Harvard and Childrens publish an experiment in which they turn a rodent pancreatic exocrine cell into an insulin-producing cell. Similar to the pioneering work of Andrew Lassar and Harold Weintraub from 1986, this experiment shows it is possible to reprogram one type of adult cell into another type of adult cell, skipping the intermediary step of creating iPS cells.

Jan. 23, 2009 Geron Corporation announces the FDAs approval for a limited phase I trial of Gerons new treatment for spinal cord injuries. This was the first FDA approval of a clinical trial for a therapy based on human embryonic stem cells.

March 1, 2009 Scientists in Toronto report the creation of iPS cells in their lab in a manner that is safer than previously used methods. These researchers are able to remove the genes necessary to reprogram an adult cell into a stem cell after the reprogramming step is complete.

March 9, 2009 President Barack Obama signs Executive Order 13505 to repeal some of the restrictions on human embryonic stem cell research funds placed by the previous administration. The order requires the National Institutes of Health to draft new guidelines for federal funding policies within 120 days.

July 7, 2009 The NIH issues the revised guidelines on federal funding for stem cell research. Included are strict provisions for informed donor consent and the ethical procurement of leftover embryos from in vitro fertilization.

May 2009 Phase I clinical trials begin for PGE2, a known drug that Childrens researcher Leonard Zon discovered can increase production of blood stem cells. These trials are being conducted in leukemia and lymphoma patients who have been implanted with blood stem cells from donated umbilical cords. If the trials are successful, single doses of umbilical cord blood stem cells, combined with PGE2, may be a viable source for blood stem cells for adult patients who cannot receive a bone marrow transplant. Read more.

Dec. 2, 2009 The NIH deems 13 lines of human embryonic stem cells, the first under the new administrations guidelines, eligible for research funding. Eleven of these 13 lines were created at Boston Childrens Hospital. Any scientist wanting to conduct research on any of these cell lines can now apply for federal funding. Read more in this blog post.

Stem cells hold great promise and potential in the field of medicine, whether doctors inject them into patients to replace diseased bone marrow, or lab scientists scrutinize them under a microscope to see how lung cancer develops. The road to innovation is long and full of obstacles, and there are plenty of questions left unanswered. But progress is ongoing and in many cases startling. At Childrens Hospital Boston, researchers continue the journey to bring these advances to the clinic, ethically and safely.

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History | Boston Childrens Hospital Stem Cell Research

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