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Stem Cell Transplants Clear HIV in Two Patients in Study

Two cancer patients in Boston who were also infected with HIV have no trace of the virus after receiving stem-cell transplants, suggesting they may have been cured of the AIDS-causing infection.

The two patients, treated at Brigham and Womens Hospital, stopped HIV treatment after the transplants, which in other patients has opened the door for the virus to come roaring back. In one patient there was no sign of the virus 15 weeks after stopping treatment, while the other has gone seven weeks without HIV rebounding, according to results presented today at the International AIDS Societys meeting in Kuala Lumpur.

The researchers led by Timothy Henrich of Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Womens Hospital said its too early to conclude the two men have been cured and the virus may be lingering in their brains or gut. Still, their cases are similar to that of Timothy Brown, the so-called Berlin patient, who was the first person to be cured of HIV after getting a bone marrow transplant for leukemia in 2007.

While stem-cell transplantation is not a viable option for people with HIV on a broad scale because of its costs and complexity, these new cases could lead us to new approaches to treating, and ultimately even eradicating, HIV, Kevin Robert Frost, the chief executive officer of amfAR, The Foundation for AIDS Research, which funded the study, said in a statement.

There was one main difference between Brown and the two Boston men: the cells he received contained a rare genetic mutation called CCR5 that made him resistant to HIV infection. The donors in the new cases lacked that mutation, and the Boston patients didnt undergo the intensive chemotherapy Brown did.

Scientists had believed the CCR5 mutation was key to Brown being cured. Theyll be searching through the new results for clues to whether other genes may hold promise against HIV, Rowena Johnston, amfARs director of research, said in an e-mail.

This stuff is really very exciting scientifically, and it really captures the imagination of the patients, said Paul E. Sax, a professor of medicine at Harvard Medical School and a clinician at Brigham and Womens. All of us get asked by our patients about these cases, even to the point of people actually requesting bone marrow transplants.

While AIDS drugs such as Gilead Sciences Inc. (GILD)s Atripla reduce HIV to undetectable levels in the body, making it a chronic disease, they dont completely clear it. The virus hides in certain immune cells, where it switches off the normal process of replication. That enables HIV to avoid detection by the medicines, which are designed to block steps in its reproduction.

Studies have shown that when patients who have the virus under control stop treatment, latent HIV reactivates and comes roaring back, forcing victims to resume daily pill therapy.

Doctors in March said they had cured an infant born with HIV for the first time by treating her with AIDS drugs about 30 hours after she was born at a rural Mississippi hospital. At 18 months the mother took the child off medication, and when the virus had not returned 10 months later, she was deemed functionally cured.

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Stem Cell Transplants Clear HIV in Two Patients in Study

Italian stem-cell trial based on flawed data

The controversial stem cell therapy has garnered fervent public support, while many scientists decry it as unproven.

MMaurizio D'Avanzo/Milestone/Empics Entertainment

Davide Vannoni, a psychologist turned medical entrepreneur, has polarized Italian society in the past year with a bid to get his special brand of stem-cell therapy authorized. He has gained fervent public support with his claims to cure fatal illnesses and equally fervent opposition from many scientists who say that his treatment is unproven.

Now those scientists want the Italian government to pull out of a 3-million (US$3.9-million) clinical trial of the therapy that it promised to support in May, after bowing to patient pressure. They allege that Vannoni's method of preparing stem cells is based on flawed data.

And Nature's own investigation suggests that images used in the 2010 patent application, on which Vannoni says his method is based, are duplicated from previous, unrelated papers.

The trial is a waste of money and gives false hope to desperate families, says Paolo Bianco, a stem-cell researcher at the University of Rome and one of the scientists who says that Vannonis 2010 application to the US patent office does not stand up to scrutiny.

I am not surprised to learn this, says Luca Pani, director-general of the Italian Medicines Agency (AIFA), which suspended operations at the Brescia-based laboratories of Vannoni's Stamina Foundation in May 2012, after inspectors concluded that the labs would not be able to guarantee contamination-free preparations of stem cells. Inspectors were not shown systematic methodologies or protocols. We saw such chaos there, I knew that a formal method wouldnt exist, he says.

But questions raised over the patent that underpins the methodology needed for the trial could be political dynamite.

Well over 100 people with conditions ranging from Parkinson's to motor neuron disease to coma nearly half of them children have already signed up to participate in the government-sponsored trial, despite there being no published evidence that the therapy could be effective.

The Stamina Foundation has been given permission to treat more than 80 people on compassionate grounds since 2007, and Vannoni who has not published follow-up data on patients says that hundreds more were lined up waiting for treatment when the lab's operations were suspended. Supporters held angry demonstrations up and down Italy earlier this year.

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Italian stem-cell trial based on flawed data

Stem-cell therapy wipes out HIV in two patients

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Stem-cell therapy wipes out HIV in two patients

2 stem cell patients stop HIV treatment, no virus seen

Two HIV-positive patients in the United States who underwent bone marrow transplants for cancer have stopped anti-retroviral therapy and still show no detectable sign of the HIV virus, researchers said Wednesday.

The Harvard University researchers stressed it was too early to say the men have been cured, but said it was an encouraging sign that the virus hasn't rebounded in their blood months after drug treatment ended.

The first person reported to be cured of HIV, American Timothy Ray Brown, underwent a stem cell transplant in 2007 to treat his leukemia. He was reported by his German doctors to have been cured of HIV two years later.

Brown's doctors used a donor who had a rare genetic mutation that provides resistance against HIV. So far, no one has observed similar results using ordinary donor cells such as those given to the two patients by the Harvard University researchers.

The researchers, Timothy Henrich and Daniel Kuritzkes of the Harvard-affiliated Brigham and Women's Hospital in Boston, announced last year that blood samples taken from the men - who both had blood cancers - showed no traces of the HIV virus eight months after they received bone marrow transplants to replace cancerous blood cells with healthy donor cells. The men were still on anti-HIV drugs at the time.

The men have both since stopped anti-retroviral therapy - one 15 weeks ago and the other seven weeks ago - and show no signs of the virus, Henrich told an international AIDS conference in Malaysia on Wednesday.

"They are doing very well," Henrich said. "While these results are exciting, they do not yet indicate that the men have been cured. Only time will tell."

The HIV virus may be hiding in other organs such as the liver, spleen or brain and could return months later, he warned.

Further testing of the men's cells, plasma and tissue for at least a year will help give a clearer picture on the full impact of the transplant on HIV persistence, he said.

Kuritzkes said the patients will be put back on the drugs if there is a viral rebound.

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2 stem cell patients stop HIV treatment, no virus seen

Stem cells

It appears that the fad has already started fading. And the vain are letting their desire pass off - for the time being.

What is it that they are abstaining from? It is the prospect of many well-off individuals into submitting to stem cell therapy. The medical intervention uses live cells from mammals injected into a patient. It is widely done in a number of European cities.

The promised benefits from stem cell therapy, among others, is that it restores ''exuberance, alertness, and virility,'' hopefully, akin to those of a 20-year-old human being.

So, why is the enthusiasm and fascination of the procedure disappearing from among the country's moneyed sector - composed of the vain, the hypochondriacs, those who are eternally seeking the fountain of youth, and those who do not know what to do with their disposable moolah. (The therapy reportedly has a P500,000 price tag.)

For four consecutive days last week, media accounts about the contentious death of three congressmen after receiving stem cell therapy abroad dominated front-page stories and subsequent prime time TV news programs. (Manila Bulletin, June 25, 26 and 28, 2013)

Was their death blamed on stem cell therapy? News stories quoted relatives of the deceased as saying they succumbed to pneumonia. The 'Bulletin' story did not name the deceased.

But the Philippine Medical Association has always been suspicious of stem cell treatment. ''There are disadvantages,'' officials said. The statement reportedly claimed that the procedure done in Germany, for example, is ''xenogenic'' in substance. It involves the injection of animal-based stem cells to patients.

What the association apparently endorses is ''autologous'' stem cell treatment. The therapy is done with the use of the patient's own blood, bone marrow, and fat. Outside of this approach, the PMA apparently is skeptical as to their efficacy.

Another factor that is dousing cold water on prospective patients of stem cell therapy is fakery. We were informed via media reports of bootleg stem cell therapy here and overseas.

Certainly, it cannot be discounted that some patients who sought this kind of treatment ended up with dubious remedy being administered by non-medical persons or by pseudo-medical specialists.

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Stem cells

Type 2 Diabetes Patients Benefit From Bone Marrow Stem Cell Transplants

Editor's Choice Academic Journal Main Category: Diabetes Also Included In: Stem Cell Research;Transplants / Organ Donations Article Date: 01 Jul 2013 - 0:00 PDT

Current ratings for: Type 2 Diabetes Patients Benefit From Bone Marrow Stem Cell Transplants

The research, published in Cell Transplantation, was carried out in India and looked at the safety and efficacy of autologous transplanted bone marrow stem cells in patients with type 2 diabetes (TD2M).

Study corresponding author Anil Bhansali, PhD, professor and head of the Endocrinology Department at the Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education in Chandrigarh, India, said:

Although there is an increasing interest in using stem cell transplantation to treat people with this condition, there has been little research observing the benefit of bone marrow-derived stem cells.

"By experimenting with bone marrow-derived stem cells, the researchers sought to exploit the rich source of stem cells in bone marrow," the researchers said.

The experts wanted to examine the efficacy and safety of autologous bone marrow-derived stem cell transplantation in patients with T2DM and who also had good glycemic control.

Good glycemic control appeared as a critical factor in the transplantation group and in the non-transplanted control group.

Cell transplantation had a considerable influence on the patients in this report as those administered cells showed a significant decrease in insulin requirement.

A notably smaller decrease in the need for insulin was also observed in the control group.

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Type 2 Diabetes Patients Benefit From Bone Marrow Stem Cell Transplants

UCLA stem cell gene therapy for sickle cell disease advances toward clinical trials

Public release date: 1-Jul-2013 [ | E-mail | Share ]

Contact: Shaun Mason smason@mednet.ucla.edu 310-206-2805 University of California - Los Angeles

Researchers at UCLA's Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research have successfully established the foundation for using hematopoietic (blood-producing) stem cells from the bone marrow of patients with sickle cell disease to treat the disease. The study was led by Dr. Donald Kohn, professor of pediatrics and of microbiology, immunology and molecular genetics.

Sickle cell disease causes the body to produce red blood cells that are formed like the crescent-shaped blade of a sickle, which hinders blood flow in the blood vessels and deprives the body's organs of oxygen.

Kohn introduced an anti-sickling gene into the hematopoietic stem cells to capitalize on the self-renewing potential of stem cells and create a continual source of healthy red blood cells that do not sickle. The breakthrough gene therapy technique for sickle cell disease is scheduled to begin clinical trials by early 2014. The study was published online today ahead of press in the Journal of Clinical Investigation.

Kohn's gene therapy approach, which uses hematopoietic stem cells from a patient's own blood, is a revolutionary alternative to current sickle cell disease treatments as it creates a self-renewing normal blood cell by inserting a gene that has anti-sickling properties into hematopoietic stem cells. This approach also does not rely on the identification of a matched donor, thus avoiding the risk of rejection of donor cells. The anti-sickling hematopoietic stem cells are transplanted back into the patient's bone marrow and multiply the corrected cells that make red blood cells without sickling.

"The results demonstrate that our technique of lentiviral transduction is capable of efficient transfer and consistent expression of an effective anti-sickling beta-globin gene in human sickle cell disease bone marrow progenitor cells, which improved the physiologic parameters of the resulting red blood cells," Kohn said.

Kohn and colleagues found that in the laboratory the hematopoietic stem cells produced new non-sickled blood cells at a rate sufficient for significant clinical improvement for patients. The new blood cells survive longer than sickled cells, which could also improve treatment outcomes.

Sickle cell disease mostly affects people of Sub-Saharan African descent, and more than 90,000 patients in the U.S. have been diagnosed. It is caused by an inherited mutation in the beta-globin gene that makes red blood cells change from their normal shape, which is round and pliable, into a rigid, sickle-shaped cell. Normal red blood cells are able to pass easily through the tiniest blood vessels, called capillaries, carrying oxygen to organs such as the lungs, liver and kidneys. But due to their rigid structure, sickled blood cells get stuck in the capillaries.

Current treatments include transplanting patients with donor hematopoietic stem cells, which is a potential cure for sickle cell disease, but due to the serious risks of rejection, only a small number of patients have undergone this procedure and it is usually restricted to children with severe symptoms.

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UCLA stem cell gene therapy for sickle cell disease advances toward clinical trials

ResearchMoz.us: Stem Cells Market (Adult, Human Embryonic, Induced Pluripotent, Rat-Neural, Umbilical Cord, Cell …

ALBANY, New York, July 1, 2013 /PRNewswire/ --

New Report Added in ResearchMoz Reports Database Stem Cells Market (Adult, Human Embryonic, Induced Pluripotent, Rat-Neural, Umbilical Cord, Cell Production, Cell Acquisition, Expansion, Sub-Culture) - Global Industry Analysis, Size, Share, Growth, Trends and Forecast 2012-2018

ResearchMoz announces that it has published a new study Stem Cells Market (Adult, Human Embryonic, Induced Pluripotent, Rat-Neural, Umbilical Cord, Cell Production, Cell Acquisition, Expansion, Sub-Culture)

Stem cells are undifferentiated cells which are capable of differentiating into any type of cell that make-up the human body and thus, are capable of producing non-regenerative cells such as neural and myocardial cells. This report estimates the market for global stem cells in terms of revenue (USD billion) for the period 2012 - 2018, keeping 2011 as the base year. The global stem cells market is mainly segmented into four major sub-types namely market by products, market by technology, market by applications and market by geography.

To Browse Full TOC, Tables & Figures visit:http://www.researchmoz.us/stem-cells-market-adult-human-embryonic-induced-pluripotent-rat-neural-umbilical-cord-cell-production-cell-acquisition-expansion-sub-culture-global-industry-analysis-size-share-growth-trends-and-forecast-2012-2018-report.html

The market by products is segmented into three sub-types, namely adult stem cells, human embryonic stem cells and other type of stem cells. Adult stem cells are further segmented into hematopoietic stem cells, mesenchymal stem cells, neuronal stem cells, dental stem cells and umbilical cord stem cells. The other types of stem cells include induced pluripotent stem cells, natural rosette cells and very small embryonic like stem cells.

The global stem cells market by technology is segmented into four sub-types, namely cell acquisition, cell production, cryopreservation and expansion and sub-culture. Cell acquisition is further segmented into three sub-types, namely bone marrow harvest, apheresis and umbilical cord blood. Cell production is further segmented into therapeutic cloning, in vitro fertilization, isolation and cell culture.

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ResearchMoz.us: Stem Cells Market (Adult, Human Embryonic, Induced Pluripotent, Rat-Neural, Umbilical Cord, Cell ...

FCT Controversy: MY STEM CELL THERAPY STORY

By: Jesus G. Dureza Posted: July 1, 2013 8:28 am

Over the last few days, Fresh Stem Cell Therapy (FCT) got into the headlines due to some controversy involving alleged deaths and complaints mentioning prominent names blaming stem cell treatment for their alleged negative effects.Naturally, just like any controversy, the stories unduly put under cloud this innovative and pioneering science of regenerative medicine that is reputed to treat illnesses, bring well being and rejuvenation.

MY FRIENDS The current news reports caught public attention and went viral. Many friends who were following Beths FCT experience and who were planning to also undergo FCT were calling. They were bothered by the reports. I was myself personally disturbed because all of them who were mentioned as having experienced negative results, I knew in person. Congressman ERICO AUMENTADO of Bohol and Camiguin Congressman LOLOY ROMUALDO both were my close friends and whom I worked with when I was with the government. And the controversy all the more struck me because I and my wife Beth saw and experienced for ourselves the positive NOT NEGATIVE results of FCT seven months after treatment at VILLA MEDICA in Germany.

Let me trace back. I knew Congressman Erico well even when he was still Bohol Governor. His successful efforts in clearing his province of armed insurgency gained national attention. When I was Malacanang Presidential Peace Adviser, I used the Bohol experience as example of a success story. So, when initial reports surfaced about FCT having caused his death, I sat up and took special attention. Later, his son came out publicly DENYING the story saying his father died of pneumonia and NOT due to FCT. He said his fathers lungs were already in serious condition but after getting a first infusion of FCT, his condition suddenly and dramatically improved and he was hitting the election campaign trail like superman. In fact they were preparing to again return to Germany for another infusion encouraged by its initial favorable results when death intervened and overtook events.

The other prominent name mentioned with FCT was former Congressman Loloy. We were together as colleagues in Congress. The Romualdo family had dominated politically the Camiguin island province for a long time up to the present. The circumstances of his undergoing stem cell treatment , however, are not yet clear. My cursory check results showed that he did NOT get FCT from Villa Medica in Germany. This will have to be further validated though.

The other prominent name was former Customs official (and now with Dangerous Drugs Board) ANTONIO BEBOT VILLAR. We were together in the Arroyo administration. He said he and his wife had FCT in a 5-star hotel in Metro Manila, by German and Thai doctors but NOT in Germany. His condition allegedly worsened after the treatment. MY OWN STORY I will not venture to further deal on those incidents simply because they are now subject of further close look by the authorities. And I am not privy with the true facts surrounding their cases. But I will deal on some information that are of my own personal knowledge and the personal experience I and my wife BETH can competently attest to.

As I have written previously, I and my wife Beth traveled all the way to EDENKOBEN, GERMANY last November, 2012 some seven (7) months ago for FCT in the VILLA MEDICA (VM) clinic facilities as an alternative remedy to her deteriorating kidney condition. We were NOT assured that there would be positive results by VM representatives but we took the chance after I made extensive research and consultations with doctors and experts. We even traveled to Bangkok, Thailand to make further inquiries. We were encouraged by reports of well-being and regenerative effects on vital organs. And we took efforts to talk to those who themselves underwent the procedure. We gathered that VILLA MEDICA and its FCT, using fresh stem cell from the fetus of clinically controlled and raised sheep had been recognized, authorized, licensed and closely monitored by stringent standards imposed by GERMAN HEALTH AUTHORITIES of the German government. VILLA MEDICA, founded in 1963 had also a long track record of about 50 YEARS. Fresh cell therapy was pioneered by Dr PAUL NIEHANS in 1931. Another doctor in 1980, GUNTER BIOBEL scientifically dissected the technology and was awarded in 1999 the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine.

After some soul-searching and weighing our options, we decided and took the trouble of traveling to Germany at some cost even when we were told that there were stem cell treatments also being done in the Philippines, at more considerable costs, although still in their infancy stage. We had no way of verifying the reliability of local Philippine FCT providers due to their fairly recent track record. When I checked with St. Lukes Hospital Regenerative division at Global City, the division chief told me they were into this procedure: harvesting human stem cells from the patients themselves, usually from the bone marrow, churn them for 2 weeks in the laboratory using German-made machines and injecting them back to the patient over a 12 month period. However she declined to cite or give an example of a success story simply because they had been into the procedure fairly recently. Also, we were informed that to achieve optimum results, fresh stem cells must be injected (in the buttocks) within two hours from its harvesting from the donor fetus. So getting the FCT infusion right there in the clinic in Germany was far better than having the injectables flown from Germany or elsewhere and get the infusion in Manila, travel time obviously reducing the stem cells efficacy or potency. More importantly, seven months ago, there were NO clear Philippine regulations yet governing FCT, due to its infancy, to give us some level of reasonable comfort and assurance. On the other hand, the procedure in Germany we were told adhered to strictest German standards imposed by the German government. These regulations even cover the growing and maintenance of donor sheep and the harvesting of stem cells from 18-week old fetus under clinical control and conditions. And specific success stories were many.

And more importantly, we were in a desperate mode due to the continuous decline of Beths kidney conditions. As preparatory steps, Beth went through a series of tests which were screened and studied by her doctors in Manila and even through German doctors in Villa Medica in Edenkoben who had to make the final decision whether she was qualified to get the treatment. Even her Nephrologist who happens to be also a family friend and a known kidney transplant surgeon at the National Kidney Institute recommended that we try FCT. That sealed our decision.

So, off we went to Germany last November, 2012. Of course at great expense. (Treatment costs EURO 15,000 or about 830,000 PHP ) But nonetheless. AFTER 7 MONTHS Today, seven months after the treatment, and in contrast to the sketchy stories surrounding the cases of my friends ERICO, LOLOY and BEBOT as reported in the media, our own testimonials of the FCT at VILLA MEDICA are a bit different from those horror stories. I also personally met and discussed with others who themselves went to the German facility for FCT and our testimonials coincided.

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FCT Controversy: MY STEM CELL THERAPY STORY

Parkinson’s Treatment With Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Neurons Shows Promise

Editor's Choice Academic Journal Main Category: Parkinson's Disease Also Included In: Stem Cell Research Article Date: 01 Jul 2013 - 0:00 PDT

Current ratings for: Parkinson's Treatment With Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Neurons Shows Promise

3 (2 votes)

The study - "Survival and Integration of Neurons Derived from Human Embryonic Stem Cells in MPTP Lesioned Primates" - has been published in the journal Cell Transplantation.

Dr. D. Eugene Redmond, Yale University School of Medicine, said "Parkinson's disease was one of the first neurological disorders to be studied for potential replacement of lost neurons. Since the 1970s there has been significant progress with learning the required gene expression, growth factors and culture conditions for differentiating cells into apparent dopamine neurons."

However, the authors explained that there have been disappointing results when transplanting dopamine neurons into rodents or monkeys - they did not become long-lasting midbrain specific neurons. They added that "there have only been pilot reports of functional improvement".

In this study, the scientists assessed the long-term survival of apparent dopamine neurons in monkeys modeled with Parkinson's-like symptoms. They also tested the functional benefit of the new neurons.

The authors found, as in previous studies, that gene expression of TH (tyrosine hydroxylase) was "transient" after transplantation. TH is a synthetic enzyme that limits dopamine production. They realized that they needed to determine when the optimal cell stage was, as well as the ideal culture environment for optimum graft survival, and also other factors that might influence the outcomes of cell transplantation.

The authors reported that there was better cell survival when a more robust immunosuppression regime was employed, compared to those used in previous primate studies.

The researchers wrote:

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Parkinson's Treatment With Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Neurons Shows Promise