Should You Get a COVID Booster Shot? Our Doctor Explains – Articles and Videos, COVID-19, Featured, Health Topics – Hackensack Meridian Health

August 24, 2021

COVID-19 booster shots are now being offered.

The U.S. Food & Drug Administration (FDA) has authorized the use of an additional dose of mRNA COVID-19 vaccines (Pfizer-BioNTech or Moderna) for those who are moderately to severely immunocompromised, and health officials intend to make them available to the general public starting the week of September 20, pending FDA and CDC review. Plans for additional doses of the Johnson & Johnson (J&J) shot are forthcoming, once more data is collected and analyzed.

We connected with Hackensack Meridian Healths chief physician executive, Daniel Varga, M.D., to talk through why we need booster shots now and what you should know.

An immunocompromised person has a weakened immune system. Your immune system is a combination of your cells, organs and proteins that work in tandem to protect your body from unwelcome intruders like viruses, bacteria, parasites and toxins.

If your immune system is compromised, it can impact your ability to fight off infections and disease, including COVID-19.

The COVID-19 vaccines utilize our immune system to fight off the virus the vaccine provides your body with the instructions on how to recognize and destroy COVID-19 to prevent it from multiplying. For immunodeficient patients, you may not have as strong of a response to the vaccine as someone without deficiencies, thus the need for a boost.

For the general public, it is currently unknown how long immune protection lasts from the vaccines. Developed antibodies may decrease over time, weakening your protection against COVID and emerging variants; a booster shot will help reinvigorate that protection.

Its important to note, data collected has shown that protection against infection may decrease over time, however the vaccine remains very effective in preventing hospitalizations and death. As time passes, you may be more susceptible to catching COVID-19, but if youre vaccinated your symptoms are expected to be less severe.

This is not the first vaccine that requires a booster for example, every year there is a new flu vaccine, and its recommended to get a tetanus, diphtheria and pertussis (Tdap) booster every 10 years.

No. The COVID-19 vaccine is effective and advisable. The vaccine is proven to protect people from getting severly ill, being hospitalized or dying from COVID.

For the immunocompromised, a COVID-19 booster will increase your immunity if your immune system did not respond as strongly to the first or second dose. For the general public, a booster would help you stay protected as your immunity wanes over time.

The FDA has authorized a third dose of the COVID-19 vaccine to certain immunocompromised populations, specifically people who have:

As of right now, only those who are immunocompromised are able to get a booster shot of the COVID-19 vaccine.

The FDA and CDCs recommendation for the immunocompromised is that the booster be given at least 28 days after the second dose of the Pfizer or Moderna vaccine. There is no current recommendation for those who received the J&J vaccine.

Pending approval from the FDA and CDC, booster shots are slated to become available to the general public (to those who are 18 and older) the week of September 20. It is advised that all who received the Pfizer or Moderna vaccines should receive a booster eight months after they receive their second shot.

The duration of a vaccines effectiveness depends on the vaccine and an individuals immune response. Researchers are continually monitoring the immunity in those who have received the COVID-19 vaccines.

All three companies, Pfizer, Moderna and J&J are investigating the use of boosters.

For those eligible, the CDC recommends that if you received the Pfizer or Moderna vaccine, that you should receive a booster of the same vaccine. You should not receive more than three doses. If the mRNA vaccine given in the first two doses is unknown or unavailable, you can receive either brand.

For the immunocompromised who received the J&J vaccine, the CDC notes there is not enough data at this time to determine if a third dose would improve your immune response.

The material provided through HealthU is intended to be used as general information only and should not replace the advice of your physician. Always consult your physician for individual care.

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Should You Get a COVID Booster Shot? Our Doctor Explains - Articles and Videos, COVID-19, Featured, Health Topics - Hackensack Meridian Health

OpRegen: tackling the leading cause of blindness with cell replacement – Clinical Trials Arena

Clinical Trials Arena speaks to Lineage Cell Therapeutics CEO Brian Culley about the firms lead candidate OpRegen for dry AMD and the unexpected cases of retinal restoration in an ongoing Phase I/IIa trial.

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is one of the worlds leading causes of blindness in people over the age of 50. There are two types of the disease wet AMD and dry AMD.

The less common wet AMD is well understood as being caused by leaky blood vessels and has numerous effective treatments available. Dry AMD causes layers of the macula (including the photoreceptors and the retinal pigment epithelium) to get progressively thinner and function less and less well. This is called atrophy.

Advanced cases of dry AMD are known as geographic atrophy (GA) because large sections of the retina stop functioning.

There are around two million people in the US suffering with this severe form of the condition, and there are currently no treatments available, representing a huge unmet need. Historically, dry AMD has been viewed as an inevitably progressive disease.

California-headquartered Lineage Cell Therapeutics is taking a very different approach to the disease compared to traditional pharmaceutical approaches, which often involve targeting inflammation with small molecules and antibodies and treating patients either orally or locally in the eye.

With its lead candidate OpRegen, which is in an ongoing Phase I/IIa open-label clinical study, Lineage is manufacturing brand new retina cells and taking a transplant approach to the condition.

Its been very exciting what we have seen in the clinic so far, the companys CEO Brian Culley tells Clinical Trials Arena.

The one-time therapy consists of allogeneic retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cells and is administered subretinally in patients with dry AMD and GA. The patient is locally anaesthetised and the procedure only takes about 30 minutes.

The firm uses pluripotent stem cells as a starting material to manufacture the therapy. Just as flour can become bread or a cookie, [pluripotent] stem cells have within them the capability or the capacity to become any of the 200 cell types in your body, says Culley.

We instruct the cells to become a specific and exclusive type of cell and then we transplant those into the body. In the case of dry AMD we manufacture enormous numbers of retina cells and only retina cells, and then we transplant those cells to treat disease of the eye.

The manufacture of cells requires exquisite control over your process as you are manufacturing a dynamic living entity at scale, Culley says. If you cannot manufacture at large scale, you will never have an economically affordable solution.

The allogeneic rather than autologous nature of Lineages manufactured retinal cells provides advantages in scale, he argues.

There are approaches that people take even in dry AMD where they take cells from a persons eye, and they manipulate them and then they replace them, but here youre talking about personalised medicine, which sounds great until you consider the cost.

Weve invested significantly in our manufacturing skills and created a huge number of patents from our manufacturing techniques. We are already at the point where, in a three-litre bioreactor, we can manufacture the equivalent of 2500 clinical courses so many thousands of treatments can come from basically a milk jug and scaling up is straightforward because we grow the cells on little microcarriers. We grow the cells in three-dimensional space and that allows us to increase the volume because the cell doesnt really know the difference between growing in a tiny thimble or growing in a swimming pool.

Cell therapy brings with it the complexity of dealing with a whole cell rather than just a single molecule, but that complexity is also the key to this approach.

By the time retina cells are dying off, there are so many things going wrong in the eye that we dont think that a single molecule is going to have enough horsepower to be able to drive a clinical outcome, Culley says. So we think you have to replace the entire cell.

The ongoing Phase I/IIa clinical trial evaluating OpRegen enrolled 24 people. Twelve of the participants treated with the therapy had very advanced AMD and were legally blind.

Culley says this cohort was used to assess the treatments safety and not much was seen in terms of efficacy but some encouraging anatomical changes were observed.

In the eye, the vision cycles metabolic activity leads to a waste material called drusen, which is cleared by healthy retina cells. In some of these patients, a reduction in drusen was observed.

The next group of 12 patients disease was far less advanced and they had far better baseline vision than the first; some even still had their drivers licenses. At their earlier stage of disease, they had more retinal tissue with potential to be rescuable. When the trial moved into the group of patients with better starting vision, Culley and his team started to see very exciting effects in terms of visual acuity and anatomical changes.

We were really happy to see that in that group of individuals, weve had better results, Culley says. We have seen an increase in vision, so people are seeing more letters on an eye chart, compared to their untreated eye. The majority of untreated eyes have gotten worse, which is what you would expect over time. In the treated eye it is reversed; weve actually seen people gain vision.

No patients in the trial, which started treating patients with OpRegen five years ago, have rejected the cells, meaning all have stably integrated them. Most exciting of all are three cases of retinal restoration, which Culley says is really unprecedented stuff due to the progressive nature of the disease.

This is a new phenomenon, says Culley. Human beings cannot regenerate retinal tissue; when you lose retina cells, theyre gone forever. And thats what this disease is all about losing retina cells.

Over a year ago, while looking at images of a patients eyes after OpRegen treatment, doctors noticed retina cells growing back around the spot of GA.

We were absolutely blown away, Culley says. We actually sat on this initial finding for quite some time, because even though it was incredible, and exciting and maybe even predictable in some ways youre transplanting cells and if theyre taken up, survive and are functional why wouldnt this happen but nobody thought it was possible.

The question the firm focused on while analysing the data and sending it out to third-party independent retinal imaging experts was simple why did this patient experience retinal tissue regeneration while no one else did?

We think the answer was that patient got a very complete delivery of our cells all across that atrophic area, explains Culley.

Lineage repeated the procedure and got similarly extensive coverage across another two patients, and they also exhibited retinal restoration. So we now have three cases that have exhibited retinal restoration. Now its not a one-time thing we have some understanding, we could reproduce it, its quite clear.

One of the trial participants atrophy originally got smaller but now has grown back to the size it was three years ago meaning that essentially her AMD had been halted.

In the three years since I had the operation, the eye that was operated on has not deteriorated which I reckon is almost miraculous, said the patient, Sonia Cohen. Its really amazing. I cant imagine what my life would have been like if I had continued to deteriorate.

Culley says that with OpRegens clinical research thus far, his team has learned that being more aggressive with where they place the cells leads to better outcomes.

Now we know that so we can repeat that. I think over time, it will get better and better, and Id be really delighted if we get up to the point where it becomes like LASIK surgery, which is close to 100% success rate.

Later this year, Lineage is planning to discuss the design of its next trial with the US Food and Drug Administration. For now, the three cases of retinal restoration or reversal of AMD have provided a vital proof of concept.

We want to go as quickly as possible into the next study, and having the backing of this reversal is very exciting because, from a statistical perspective, we probably dont need 2,000 patients were talking about hundreds of patients.

On the future of cell therapy, Culley says it is a field that is quickly maturing. It used to be like the wild west but now companies like ours are doing these rigorous clinical trials to find out ways to control it and dry AMD is a really cool place to start, he says. But, there are 199 other cell types that we could investigate so there is a long-term medical story here that is really about ushering in a new branch of medicine manufacturing cells, transplanting them that Im really excited to be part of.

Dry AMD is not the firms only focus; it has also embarked on clinical trials for VAC2, an allogeneic dendritic cell therapy currently enrolling a Phase I trial for the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer and has treated 25 people with spinal cord injuries with its candidate OPC1 in a Phase I/II trial, which Culley says has been very emotional.

I know if I live long enough my retina cells are going to die off; if I smoke four packs of cigarettes [a day] I will get lung cancer, but nobody expects to get a spinal cord injury. All of these young people who fall off mountain bikes or get in car crashes and their lives are turned upside down. Their ability to just get some hand control to be able to move their wheelchair thats mobility and independence so if we can help regain mobility, thats freedom so I think the spinal cord program is really powerful.

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OpRegen: tackling the leading cause of blindness with cell replacement - Clinical Trials Arena

When aid-in-dying means you have to go before youre ready – Monterey Herald

When Sandy Morris found out she would die of ALS, she resolved that she would bravely, peacefully and legally end her own life, surrounded by her beloved family and views of the Sierra Nevada.

The challenge is: How?

Californias End of Life Option Act requires that people take their own lethal medications, without assistance but the cruel reality for Sandy and others dying of neuromuscular disease is that they cant. They need help.

On Friday, the iron-willed 55-year-old wife, mother and former athlete, joined by other patients and physicians, filed suit in federal court asserting discrimination under the states historic law. Because they are disabled, they say, theyre denied access to the dignified death available to all other Californians.

It is so incredibly cruel that nobody can help me take these medications, said Morris, confined to her bed in Sierraville, north of Lake Tahoe. I am terrified to think that if I wait too long if I wake up tomorrow or the next day and cant move my thumbs or swallow that suddenly this is no longer an option for me.

If the courts allow her doctor to help administer the drugs she needs for a peaceful goodbye, I can stay with my children a few extra weeks, or days, or hours, she said, her voice breaking.

But Ill have to leave this beautiful world earlier thanI want to, she said, while I still have the use of my hands and while I can still swallow.

Under the End of Life Option Act, used by 1,816 Californians since it went into effect in 2016, it is legal for doctors and family members to prepare medications, put them in a drink or pour them into a syringe or pump attached to a feeding tube.

But the patient needs to suck the straw on their own. They cant help the patient push a plunger on the syringe. If the medications get stuck while flowing from a bag into a feeding tube, risking a dangerous partial dose, they cant fix it by squeezing the bag.

Thats considered assisting a suicide a felony, punishable by up to three years in prison and/or a $10,000 fine. Doctors could lose their licenses.

More than two-thirds of patients who use the Act are dying of cancer.

But the second-largest category of underlying illness accounting for 10% of all cases are people with common neurological diseases and movement disorders such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), Parkinsons, multiple sclerosis, stroke or paralysis from spinal injury.

Theyre faced with a terrible decision: die early or suffer.

They come to this place where they feel pressured to act, said attorney Kathryn Tucker of Emerge Law Group, who is filing the civil rights class-action suit.

For Sandy, choosing to wait might mean suffocating to death. ALS is a progressive neurodegenerative illness that affects nerve cells in the brain and the spinal cord, eventually paralyzing your chest muscles. Often called Lou Gehrigs disease, after the death of the famed Yankee first baseman, it also claimed the lives of playwright Sam Shepard, jazz musician Charles Mingus and San Francisco 49ers receiver Dwight Clark.

Her mind is still razor sharp. She can still feel every sensation. With difficulty, she is still able to speak. But nothing else moves. My brain will say kick, and my feet are ready. Theyre still beautiful, she said. But the neurons have died. They are no longer able to send the message.

Doctors who help the terminally ill confront a legal dilemma: Disability law mandates assistance and equal access to health care, while the aid-in-dying law mandates the opposite.

I am trapped between two contradictory laws, said Dr. Lonny Shavelson of Berkeley, chair of the American Clinicians Academy on Medical Aid in Dying. When working with a patient with neuromuscular disease or various other neurological diseases, Im forced to break one law or the other. Theres no other choice.

Californias law, modeled after Oregons statute, was written by politicians and advocates, not doctors and ethicists, said Dr. Robert Brody of San Francisco General Hospital and Professor of Medicineand Family and Community Medicine at UC San Francisco.

To appease opponents of the act, the language was very restrictive, he said. Rules not only preclude help but also require patients to be of clear mind and capable of making three requests, orally and in writing, separated by a minimum of 15 days. Two witnesses are required for a patients signature on the written request. Patients must sign a final attestation form no more than 48 hours before ingesting the drug.

Now its time to improve the law, Brody said, with the political courageto take on the vested interests who didnt want this law in the first place, who dont want the law now and who have demanded these so-called safeguards, he said.

These safeguards have turned out to be barriers, he said.

According to bioethicist Alicia Ouellette, dean of New Yorks Albany Law School and an expert in health law and disability rights, the law prevents competent, terminally ill people with neurologic diseases from accessing aid in dying because they cannot physically administer the medications. The unassisted self-administration requirement creates a barrier to health services available to people without those disabilities. This barrier runs contrary to disability rights laws.

Opponents say safeguards are essential to prevent an heir or abusive caregiver from coercing the patient to take the deadly drugs. People with disabilities may feel theyre a burden on loved ones, and abuse is a growing but often undetected problem, according to the group Not Dead Yet, a New York-based disability rights group that calls aid-in-dying laws a deadly form of discrimination.

Clinicians are allowed to administer medicine in almost every other jurisdiction in the world that allows aid in dying, such as Canada, Australia, New Zealand, Colombia, Spain, Netherlands, Belgium and Luxembourg. Switzerland and the U.S. require self-administration.

The law should not discriminate against people with disabilities by forcing them to consider this most personal decision before they are ready, said Fred Fisher, CEO of the ALS Association Golden West Chapter. The group neither supports nor opposes the law, saying it is a matter of individual conscience.

Sandy Morris was once an energetic woman who skied, hiked, ran the Lake Tahoe Marathon and worked for years as global analytics business manager for Hewlett-Packard. Married to her best friend, she was fiercely committed to family life, organizing fancy birthday parties, planning college tours and waking before dawn to help braid the mane of her daughters paint horse, Sunny, for show competition.

We had a fairytale upbringing. I woke up every morning knowing that I was completely safe and held, said her daughter, Kylan, 24. I want every minute that shes still here on Earth with us.

Sandy was only 51 when she was diagnosed, after noticing that her right foot slapped the sidewalk when she walked. Desperate for a cure, she joined a clinical trial at California Pacific Medical Center, endured three spinal infusions and four lumbar punctures, and flew to South Korea for a stem-cell experiment.

As the disease progresses, its like an anaconda snake that swallows you whole, then squeezes you to death, she said. And theres no way out.

For four years, I fought this disease to the best of my ability, she said. While she knew it was fatal, she took solace that the End of Life Options Act meant that my children and my husband would not have to watch me gasp for my last breath.

Shes frustrated that help is available for every possible need from eating and bathing to scratching an itch yet not for dying.

It feels so unfair that because I am disabled, Im going to have to pick a day, and leave this world earlier than I want to, she said.

Ill miss the weddings and the grandchildren, she said. At least let me stay for the very last second, until my bravery is over, with my babies and my husband and my beautiful life.

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When aid-in-dying means you have to go before youre ready - Monterey Herald

New fault lines emerge in Car-T therapy – Vantage

For Car-T therapy to become anything other than a niche hospital procedure it has to move into early treatment lines. Novartiss Kymriah seems unlikely to secure such an accolade, however, having today failed to beat autologous stem cell transplantation in a second-line lymphoma study.

For the Swiss group this is especially galling as Kymriahs two big competitors, Bristol Myers Squibbs Breyanzi and Gileads Yescarta, have just succeeded in similar trials. Still, it will be important to bear in mind trial design differences, though one take is that important fault lines are emerging between CD19-directed Car-T therapies.

On a cross-study basis this was already becoming apparent in these treatments approved salvage uses in second-line or later lymphoma, where for instance Yescarta and Breyanzi boast overall remission rates above 70% while Kymriahs is 50%, according to US prescribing information.

Second line

Now the battle lines move to second-line lymphoma, an important setting where patients have relapsed after or are refractory to front-line Rituxan plus chemo.

Belinda, the trial Novartis today said had failed, compared giving these patients Kymriah head to head against the standard of care of chemo followed, in responders, by autologous transplant. Novartis said Belindas primary endpoint, event-free survival (EFS), failed to show a benefit for Kymriah.

An important point is that Belinda allowed the option of platinum-based immunochemotherapy before dosing Kymriah or the standard of care, a fact that might have rendered any subsequent benefit statistically insignificant.

Bristols corresponding Transform and Gileads Zuma-7 studies had similar designs and also tested EFS as primary endpoint, though they did not have the immunochemotherapy option. On June 10 Bristol said Breyanzi had beaten chemo plus transplant in terms of EFS, as well as in terms of complete response rates.

Two weeks later Yescarta scored in Zuma-7, with Gilead quantifying the EFS benefit versus chemo and transplant as a 60% reduction in event risk (p<0.0001). There was also a benefit in overall remission rate; overall survival was insufficiently maturefor Transform and Zuma-7 alike.

Note: *all 2nd line after Rituxan + chemo, compared against standard of care/autologous transplant in responders; **included the option of platinum immunochemotherapy before Kymriah or SoC. BCL=B-cell lymphoma; DLBCL=diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Source: company statements.

Next it will be time to pick apart the data, with a clear focus falling on the possible effect of Belinda's addition of platinum immunochemotherapy.

In terms of disease criteria, Zuma-7 enrolled only diffuse large B-cell lymphoma patients, while Transform and Belinda both specified aggressive B-cell lymphoma but allowed subjects with grade 3B follicular lymphoma, a less aggressive type.

The precise balance of baseline characteristics will be scrutinised to see whether the studies offer an apples-to-apples comparison. A similar thing goes for subsequent therapy. How many patients in each studys control cohorts went on to receive Car-T, and did this influence outcomes? How durable are responses and what will the gold standard of median overall survival tell us once it is reached?

Some answers should be forthcoming when full data from these recent interim analyses are presented, perhaps at Decembers Ash meeting. In the meantime doctors and analysts alike will digest the emerging data suggesting that Kymriah, the first Car-T therapy to make it to market, might not be the best.

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New fault lines emerge in Car-T therapy - Vantage

Dr. Death Season 1 Review: Truth continues to be stranger than fiction. – Times of India

Dr. Death Story: Based on the real-life story of a neurosurgeon in Texas, USA who maimed several patients and killed two of them.

Review: The pilot episode begins with voices of patients who have suffered at the hands of Dr Christopher Duntsch (Joshua Jackson) as the camera slowly zooms in to his face. Then, we meet one of his patients Madeline Beyer (Maryann Plunkett), prepping for a routine surgery under his care. Shes optimistic in the hands of one of the most reputable surgeons in Dallas, Texas. But when she emerges, shes worse than before. Far worse, in fact, as we find out when Dr Robert Henderson (Alec Baldwin) assesses her case and condition. Baffled by the results of her surgery, he reaches out to Dr Randall Kirby (Christian Slater), a hotshot motormouth surgeon who previously worked with Dr Duntsch. But, as the two surgeons investigate Duntschs case history and unearth his medical background, they discover many deadly mess-ups, damning cover-ups and downright lies.

To say this series is spine-chilling (if you excuse the pun) would be an understatement. The horrors that unfold in front of trained professionals, who are either unable to act or turn a blind eye because of protocol or financial reasons, goes beyond medical malpractice. We slowly learn about the shocking practices at the hands of a surgeon, who, at first glance, appears to be on the top of his game. Dr Christopher Duntsch (Joshua Jackson) is a charismatic and self-assured young doctor who strings everyone along with his conviction. He believes hes the future of non-invasive surgery and will change the course of medical history with his cutting-edge stem-cell research. But Christopher Duntsch is inherently unsettling from the get-go. Hes dismissive of anyone who challenges his integrity and repeatedly proclaims his excellence, rattling off his credentials to placate concerned patients or their family members. As a young college student, he constantly messes up his routines during football practice and seems to struggle with basic directions. Thats not to say he isnt determined. Every time hes down, he finds a way to get back on the horse. But theres a world of difference between dropping the ball on the field and messing up in surgery.

Trying to understand the extent of his devastation is daunting. Doctors Robert Henderson (Alec Baldwin) & Randall Kirby (Christian Slater) take it on themselves to look into how he got away with murder, literally, while trying to prevent him from ruining any more lives. The narrative goes from allowing events to unravel from their perspective while giving us a peek into his psyche. The show keeps us wondering if the neurosurgeon is entirely delusional or intentionally harmful. This is supplemented by Joshua Jacksons chilling depiction of Christopher Duntsch. The actor deftly manages the extremes of Duntschs fluctuating persona between vulnerability and arrogance. Through his portrayal, the show does not prosecute Christopher Duntsch by presenting him as an evil deviant. Instead, it opts to paint him as accurately as possible, cinematic licenses notwithstanding. Its no easy task, but despite everyone around eventually abandoning the man dubbed Dr Death by the media, Joshua Jackson manages to humanize him.

On the other hand, Alec Baldwin & Christian Slater are captivating to watch as doctors Robert Henderson & Randall Kirby, respectively. Baldwins calm and calculated demeanour offsets Slaters frenetic energy forming the perfect odd-couple dynamic to lead us through the mini-series. As Henderson and Kirby try to unearth the extent of Duntschs butchery, they also discover how he could get away with it for so long. Later in the series, AnnaSophia Robb enters as Michelle Shughart, the spirited prosecutor who gradually builds a case against the doctor. Robb lends a more passionate angle to bringing justice for the affected victims.

The show utilizes secondary characters to flesh out the emotional beats. Fredric Lehne as Don Duntsch Christophers father, Grace Gummer as Kim Morgan a nurse who became his assistant, and Dominic Burgess as Jerry Summers - Christophers confidante and, probably, his biggest blunder, are all instrumental in giving more context to the disgraced doctors mindset. Although the series never fully addresses the reasons behind what he did, the results are excruciating enough.

Show creator Patrick Macmanus with directors Maggie Kiley, Jennifer Morrison, and So Yong Kim choose to jump around timelines to bring different angles to the carnage. While this method presents a well-rounded interpretation of events, it becomes slightly perplexing to grasp over the last couple of episodes. Its the only detriment to an otherwise captivating series far more sinister than most horror fare. After all, the truth continues to be stranger than fiction.

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Dr. Death Season 1 Review: Truth continues to be stranger than fiction. - Times of India

Circulating Tumor Cells (CTC) Diagnostics Market is expected to Account for Over US$ 9.5 Million in – PharmiWeb.com

Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) are a blistering topic of oncological conferences and research due to their tremendous potential in the area of cancer diagnosis as well as treatment. The amount of research that CTCs have been doled with signals the lucrative growth prospects of theCTC diagnostics market, which is likely to surpass the valuation of over US$ 9.5 billion by 2030 projects a recent study published by Fact.MR.

The study highlights the potential for the CTC enrichment technologies in the area of CTC diagnostics and remains bullish on the profitability of investments made in this space. The potentiality of CTC diagnostics is not limited to diagnosing the presence of a tumor, but it also goes beyond that to help in finding the core information about that tumor. In the coming years, the significance of CTC diagnostics in cancer therapies and treatment is expected to remain substantial and the market will witness astonishing growth in the coming decade, opines the Fact.MR study.

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The CTC diagnostics technology possesses the ability to detect, identify, quantify, and analyze cancer tumors in blood samples of patients. It is gaining immense demand in the area of cancer diagnostics as patients inclination toward non-invasive tests is significantly high. Players in the CTC diagnostics market must tap into opportunities in the area of targeted cancer research and diagnosis to benefit from the great potential that CTC diagnostics carry in the cancer diagnostics landscape in the coming years, says a lead analyst at Fact.MR.

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The incidence of cancer is alarming across the world, and researchers are constantly on their toes to improve the diagnostics and cancer treatments to reduce the avoidable cancer deaths. CTC diagnostics is emerging as an important area of cancer stem cell research as the reliability of using CTC counts from blood samples of patients can help doctors and oncologists to make an appropriate choice of frontline cancer therapy. A mounting number of researchers are implementing CTC diagnostic technologies in cancer stem cell research as it provides doctors with a decision algorithm so as to opine on which treatment to choose.

Fact.MR has published a study on the CTC diagnostics market which offers a detailed assessment on how the CTC diagnostics market will grow and expand in the coming decade. The report analyzes the statistics related to the market growth during the historic period of 2015-2019, and with the help of which, it offers the detailed assessment on growth projections for the landscape during the forecast period of 2020-2030.

Fact.MRs report categorises the insights on the CTC diagnostics market in the form of product (Devices & Systems, Kits & Reagents, Other Consumables), technology (CTC Enrichment Methods, CTC Detection Methods, and CTC Analysis), application (Cancer Stem Cell Research, EMT Biomarkers Development, Tumorigenesis Research, and Others), sample type (Blood, Bone Marrow, and Others), and seven key regions (North America, Latin America, East Asia, South Asia, Oceania, Middle East & Africa, and Europe).

Explore Fact.MRs Coverage on the Healthcare Domain

Microcirculation Microscope Market: A recent study by Fact.MR on the Microcirculation Microscope market offers an unbiased analysis on the opportunities and trends through 2021 and beyond. The study analyzes crucial trends that are currently determining market growth. This report explicates on vital dynamics, such as the challenges, restraints, and opportunities for key market players along with key stakeholders and emerging players.

Scanning Probe Microscopes Market: A detailed assessment of Scanning Probe Microscopes market value chain analysis, business execution, and supply chain analysis across regional markets has been covered in the report. A list of prominent companies operating in the market along with their product portfolios enhances the reliability of this comprehensive research study.

Microscopy Devices Market: Fact.MR delivers a detailed analysis on global Microscopy Devices market with the strategies and competitive landscape for the upcoming period. The key players market share data provided by the report given you a detailed insights on the shortcomings and forthcomings of the market for the forecast period.

About Fact.MR

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COVID-19 in children with cancer: Severe disease and disrupted treatment – Markets Insider

MEMPHIS, Tenn., Aug. 26, 2021 /PRNewswire/ --Research from a large international effort shows that 20% of children with cancer who are infected with SARS-CoV-2 develop severe infections. In studies of children overall, only 1-6% have reported severe infections. The results come from the Global Registry of COVID-19 in Childhood Cancer, which was launched by St. Jude Children's Research Hospital and the International Society of Paediatric Oncology (SIOP). The registry gathers data on the pandemic's effect on this unique patient population. The findings were published today in The Lancet Oncology.

Scientists from St. Jude and SIOP report results from the Global Registry of COVID-19 and Childhood Cancer.

Results from the registry indicated that in addition to more severe or critical infections, pediatric cancer patients were more likely to be hospitalized and die than were other children. The pandemic also disrupted cancer treatment. These effects were observed more significantly in low- and middle-income countries, where the odds of severe or critical disease from COVID-19 were nearly 6 times higher than in high-income countries.

"The results clearly and definitively show that children with cancer fare worse with COVID-19 than children without cancer," said corresponding author Sheena Mukkada, M.D., St. Jude Departments of Global Pediatric Medicine and Infectious Diseases. "This global collaboration helps clinicians make evidence-based decisions about prevention and treatment, which, unfortunately, remain relevant as the pandemic continues."

A greater burden for childhood cancer patients

This is the first multinational study to describe the outcomes of a large cohort of children and adolescents with cancer or hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and laboratory diagnosis of COVID-19. The registry remains open and is enrolling children younger than 19 years old.

The analysis looked at 1,500 children from 131 hospitals in 45 countries from April 15, 2020, to February 1, 2021. This is prior to vaccinations becoming available to older children in some areas of the globe, as well as prior to the emergence of certain disease variants, including delta, which are responsible for the new surge and have become a major global concern.

The study found that 65% of patients were hospitalized and 17% required admission or transfer to a higher level of care. It also showed that 4% of patients died due to COVID-19 infections, compared to 0.01-0.7% mortality reported among general pediatric patients. Cancer care was also affected. Cancer therapy was modified in 56% of patients and 45% had chemotherapy withheld while their infections were treated.

"By working together to create this global registry, we have enabled hospitals around the world to rapidly share and learn how COVID-19 is affecting children with cancer," said the paper's co-author, Professor Kathy Pritchard-Jones, SIOP president. "The results are reassuring that many children can continue their cancer treatment safely, but they also highlight important clinical features that may predict a more severe clinical course and the need for greater vigilance for some patients."

A global pandemic and a global response

The registry suggests biologic factors that likely influence how children with cancer respond to COVID-19. Those include immune system function and the underlying disease. Analysis also showed that outcomes vary around the world, although the registry does not pinpoint causes. This variation may be due to a multitude of factors, including disruptions from the pandemic, access to care and resources, or delays in infection diagnosis.

Results from the registry are a call to action to address inequities in access to protective and effective treatment measures against the COVID-19 pandemic worldwide.

"Understanding a global crisis like COVID-19 requires our entire childhood cancer community around the world to come together to respond," said senior author Carlos Rodriguez-Galindo, M.D., St. Jude Global director. "The impact of this disease has been felt in every corner of the world, but particularly in low- and middle-income countries compared to high-income countries. There are critical differences based on where a child lives.This registry is a tool that is helping us understand what that means for children with cancer everywhere."

The registry is still enrolling patients and continues to add new countries. It includes freely available data-visualization tools so that anyone, anywhere, can access the information.

Learn more about COVID-19 and vaccination

Vaccinations against COVID-19 have been demonstrated to be safe and effective in preventing severe forms of the disease, helping patients avoid hospitalizations and the need for mechanical ventilation. In the United States, vaccines are available and encouraged for children 12 years of age and older. Vaccination is one way to protect not only yourself but your community, including those who are at high risk of severe disease such as children with cancer.

Learn more about how Vaccines Bring Us Closer and check out COVID-19 resources from St. Jude.

Authors and Funding

The study's other authors are Guillermo Chantada, Hospital San Joan de Deu Barcelona, Spain; Rashmi Dalvi, Bombay Hospital Institute of Medical Sciences Mumbai, India; Laila Hessissen, Mohammed V University Rabat, Morocco; Michael Sullivan, University of Melbourne, Australia; Eric Bouffet, Hospital for Sick Children Toronto, Canada; Nickhill Bhakta, Yichen Chen, Yuvanesh Vedaraju, Lane Faughnan, Maysam Homsi, Hilmarie Muniz-Talavera, Radhikesh Ranadive, Monika Metzger, Paola Friedrich, Asya Agulnik, Sima Jeha, Catherina Lam, Daniel Moreira, Victor Santana, Miguela Caniza and Meenakshi Devidas of St. Jude; and more than 150 members of the Global Registry of COVID-19 in Childhood Cancer.

The study was funded by the National Institutes of Health (Cancer Center Support grant CA21765), and ALSAC, the fundraising and awareness organization of St. Jude.

About SIOP

Established in 1969, the International Society of Paediatric Oncology (SIOP), is the only global multidisciplinary society entirely devoted to paediatric and adolescent cancer. The society has over 1,800 members worldwide including physicians, nurses, other health-care professionals, scientists and researchers. Our members are dedicated to increasing knowledge about all aspects of childhood cancer. SIOP envisions that "no child should die of cancer" and is aiming to improve the lives of children and adolescents with cancer through global collaboration, education, training, research and advocacy. To learn more, visit siop-online.org or follow SIOP on social media at @WorldSIOP.

About St. Jude Global

St. Jude Children's Research Hospital established the Department of Global Pediatric Medicine in 2016 as a new academic department to address the global challenges in pediatric cancer and catastrophic diseases, and to build on its previous work to reduce disparities in access to care. As a result, St. Jude Global launched in 2018 to support the advancement of care for children with cancer and other catastrophic diseases through the development of comprehensive initiatives in capacity building, education and research. St. Jude Global is committed to ensuring that every child will have access to quality care and treatment no matter where in the world they live.

St. Jude Children's Research Hospital

St. Jude Children's Research Hospital is leading the way the world understands, treats and cures childhood cancer and other life-threatening diseases. It is the only National Cancer Institute-designated Comprehensive Cancer Center devoted solely to children. Treatments developed at St. Jude have helped push the overall childhood cancer survival rate from 20% to 80% since the hospital opened more than 50 years ago. St. Jude freely shares the breakthroughs it makes, and every child saved at St. Jude means doctors and scientists worldwide can use that knowledge to save thousands more children. Families never receive a bill from St. Jude for treatment, travel, housing and food because all a family should worry about is helping their child live. To learn more, visit stjude.org or follow St. Jude on social media at @stjuderesearch.

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SOURCE St. Jude Children's Research Hospital

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COVID-19 in children with cancer: Severe disease and disrupted treatment - Markets Insider