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Pericardial Injection Effective, Less Invasive Way to Get Regenerative Therapies to Heart – NC State News

By adminMarch 8, 2021Stem Cell Treatment

Injecting hydrogels containing stem cell or exosome therapeutics directly into the pericardial cavity could be a less invasive, less costly, and more effective means of treating cardiac injury, according to new research from North Carolina State University and the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.

Stem cell therapy holds promise as a way to treat cardiac injury, but delivering the therapy directly to the site of the injury and keeping it in place long enough to be effective are ongoing challenges. Even cardiac patches, which can be positioned directly over the site of the injury, have drawbacks in that they require invasive surgical methods for placement.

We wanted a less invasive way to get therapeutics to the injury site, says Ke Cheng, Randall B. Terry, Jr. Distinguished Professor in Regenerative Medicine at NCStates Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences and professor in the NCState/UNC-Chapel Hill Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering. Using the pericardial cavity as a natural mold could allow us to create cardiac patches at the site of injury from hydrogels containing therapeutics.

In a proof-of-concept study, Cheng and colleagues from NCState and UNC-Chapel Hill looked at two different types of hydrogels one naturally derived and one synthetic and two different stem cell-derived therapeutics in mouse and rat models of heart attack. The therapeutics were delivered via intrapericardial (iPC) injection.

Via fluorescent imaging the researchers were able to see that the hydrogel spread out to form a cardiac patch in the pericardial cavity. They also confirmed that the stem cell or exosome therapeutics can be released into the myocardium, leading to reduced cell death and improved cardiac function compared to animals in the group who received only the hydrogel without therapeutics.

The team then turned to a pig model to test the procedures safety and feasibility. They delivered the iPC injections using a minimally invasive procedure that required only two small incisions, then monitored the pigs for adverse effects. They found no breathing complications, pericardial inflammation, or changes in blood chemistry up to three days post-procedure.

Our hope is that this method of drug delivery to the heart will result in less invasive, less costly procedures with higher therapeutic efficacy, Cheng says. Our early results are promising the method is safe and generates a higher retention rate of therapeutics than those currently in use. Next we will perform additional preclinical studies in large animals to further test the safety and efficacy of this therapy, before we can start a clinical trial.

I anticipate in a clinical setting in the future, iPC injection could be performed with pericardial access similar to the LARIAT procedure. In that regard, only one small incision under local anesthesia is needed on the patients chest wall, says Dr. Joe Rossi, associate professor in the division of cardiology at UNC-Chapel Hill and co-author of the paper.

The research appears in Nature Communications and was supported by the National Institutes of Health and the American Heart Association. Dr. Thomas Caranasos, director of adult cardiac surgery at UNC-Chapel Hill, also contributed to the work.

-peake-

Note to editors: An abstract follows.

Minimally invasive delivery of therapeutic agents by hydrogel injection into the pericardial cavity for cardiac repair

DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-21682-7

Authors: Dashuai Zhu, Zhenhua Li, Ke Cheng, North Carolina State University; Thomas Caranasos, Joseph Rossi, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Published: March 3, 2021 in Nature Communications

Abstract: Cardiac patch is an effective way to deliver therapeutics to the heart. However, such procedures are normally invasive and difficult to perform. Here, we developed and tested a method to utilize the pericardial cavity as a natural mold for in situ cardiac patch formation after intrapericardial (iPC) injection of therapeutics in biocompatible hydrogels. In rodent models of myocardial infarction (MI), we demonstrated that iPC injection is an effective and safe method to deliver hydrogels containing induced pluripotent stem cells-derived cardiac progenitor cells (iPS-CPCs) or mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs)-derived exosomes. After injection, the hydrogels formed cardiac patch-like structure in the pericardial cavity, mitigating immune response and increasing the cardiac retention of the therapeutics. With robust cardiovascular regeneration and stimulation of epicardium-derived repair, the therapies mitigated cardiac remodeling and improved cardiac functions post MI. Furthermore, we demonstrated the feasibility of minimally-invasive iPC injection in a clinically-relevant porcine model as well as in human patients. Collectively, our study establishes iPC injection as a safe and effective method to deliver therapeutics to the heart for cardiac repair.

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Pericardial Injection Effective, Less Invasive Way to Get Regenerative Therapies to Heart - NC State News

Glial Cell Discovery Could Point the Way to Motor Neuron Disease Therapies – Technology Networks

By adminMarch 8, 2021Stem Cell Treatment

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Scientists at the Francis Crick Institute and UCL have identified the trigger of a key cellular change in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), a type of motor neuron disease. The findings could help develop new treatments for many neurological diseases with the same change, including Parkinson's and Alzheimer's.

When the nervous system is injured, diseased or infected, star-shaped cells, called astrocytes, undergo 'reactive' changes in their behaviour. Whilst some of these reactive astrocytes become protective, others become harmful and damage surrounding motor neurons.

Reactive astrocytes are observed in various neurodegenerative diseases including ALS, but there is a lack of understanding about what causes astrocytes to undergo this change.

In their research, published inNucleic Acids Researchtoday (4th March), the scientists compared ALS-diseased astrocytes with healthy astrocytes to uncover how the diseased cells become reactive. These cells were grown from human induced pluripotent stem cells - master stem cells - which can be directed to differentiate into any cell in the human body.

They found that key to the astrocyte change in diseased cells is an increase in the removal of introns (non-coding sections of genetic information) from RNA in a process called splicing. The team identified that in healthy astrocytes there are some RNAs that normally retain certain introns however in diseased cells these particular introns are spliced out.

This has dramatic consequences on the cell's actions as when these introns are cut out of RNA, the remaining exons (coding sections of genetic information) are used as a recipe for building proteins and some of these proteins play a role in the astrocytes changing.

Rickie Patani, senior author, group leader at the Crick, Professor at UCL's Queen Square Institute of Neurology and a consultant neurologist at the National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, says: "Understanding how astrocytes undergo this transformation is a really exciting step forward. It brings us closer to potentially being able to control and prevent astrocytes from becoming harmfully reactive. While there's still a long way to go, we're hopeful that developing such a treatment is possible and that it could even potentially be used across all neurological conditions in which an increase in reactive astrocytes is also documented, including Parkinson's and Alzheimer's."

ALS is a rapidly progressing degenerative disease. Patients commonly suffer loss of movement, speech and eventually the ability to breathe, and most people only live 3 to 5 years after diagnosis. There are currently no treatments that can meaningfully alter the prognosis.

But understanding key cellular changes associated with ALS could help develop new therapies to slow disease progression.

Oliver Ziff, lead author and clinical fellow at the Crick, UCL's Queen Square Institute of Neurology and a neurology registrar at the National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, says: "Our group have previously shown that splicing is decreased in ALS motor neurons, so when we found the opposite in ALS astrocytes we were intrigued. In fact, increased splicing is what we find in other immune cells when they become activated or angry. This raises the possibility that ALS astrocytes inflict a toxic immune insult on the nervous system and opens new therapeutic avenues for treating ALS."

The researchers will continue this work to further understand the molecular mechanisms involved when astrocytes become reactive with the ambition of developing an intervention that could be used by doctors to slow disease progression.

Reference: Ziff OJ, Taha DM, Crerar H, et al. Reactive astrocytes in ALS display diminished intron retention. Nucleic Acids Research. 2021;(gkab115). doi:10.1093/nar/gkab115

This article has been republished from the following materials. Note: material may have been edited for length and content. For further information, please contact the cited source.

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Biomarkers Help Predict the Role of Chemotherapy in Biologic Aging – OncLive

By adminMarch 8, 2021Stem Cell Treatment

Biologic aging is a complex process. There are several theories on why and how we age, and it is probable that none of them account for all the aspects. We are constantly exposed to both internal and external stimuli that, over time, facilitate the aging process. These stimuli include ionizing radiation, ultraviolet light, diet, exercise, oxidative stresses, and perhaps, worst of all, smoking. All of these can trigger intracellular processes, including DNA methylation, or epigenetic change, telomere shortening and damage, DNA damage, and mitochondrial dysfunction. These factors accelerate cellular senescencewhat is thought to be the critical factor in aging and has been shown to increase with age.1,2

Cellular senescence is a condition in which a cell has lost the ability to proliferate, and senescent cells increase in almost all organs and tissues as we age. Over time, these changes ultimately lead to the development of significant comorbidities and the cumulative functional deficits we acquire during aging. However, senescent cells are metabolically active and can produce cytokines and inflammatory proteinsthe senescence-associated secretory phenotypefurther accelerating aging and promoting malignancy. FIGURE 1 illustrates the effect of age and insults on senescence.

Accumulation of senescent cells is implicated as a cause of tissue reprogramming, osteoporosis, glaucoma, neurodegeneration, type 2 diabetes, changes in the microbiome, immune system dysfunction, dysfunctional tissue repair and fibrosis, and cancer.3 Recent data have shown the potential role of chemotherapy and radiation therapy in accelerating aging. Nowhere is chemotherapys effect in accelerating aging more apparent than in children and adolescents treated successfully for childhood malignancy.4 In these patients, by the time they reach aged 35 years, approximately 30% have the clinical phenotype of a person aged 65 years, as evidenced by dramatic increases in cardiac disease and new second malignancies.

At the University of North Carolina Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, we have focused on the effects of chemotherapy and accelerated aging in cancer. To date, we have studied the effects of chemotherapy on childhood cancer, early breast cancer, and bone marrow transplantation. Our research has explored the role of p16INK4a expression, a robust marker of biologic aging, following on the work of Norman E. Ned Sharpless, MD, director of the National Cancer Institute. p16INK4a encodes for a protein that blocks cyclin-dependent kinase, analogous to the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors now used in breast cancer, including palbociclib (Ibrance), ribociclib (Kisqali), and abemaciclib (Verzenio), that prevent cells from entering the cell cycle.5 This leads to cellular senescence. In murine models, aging is associated with dramatic changes in p16INK4a expression in almost all organs over the animals lifespan.6 In human studies, p16INK4a expression is measured in T lymphocytes using a reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction as a surrogate for aging in other tissues. Studies of p16INK4a expression using other immunohistochemistry methods suggest changes in T cells represent mirror changes in other tissue, and further research in this area is underway.

The change in p16INK4a with aging is not linear, and after 60 years, it appears to plateau for unclear reasons.7 It is possible that those older persons who would have had high levels of p16INK4a expression have already died of age-related illness such as cardiovascular disease, and current studies are addressing this issue.

The large dynamic range of p16INK4a expressionapproximately 10-fold over the human lifespanmakes it an ideal biomarker for study. In healthy children and adolescents, p16INK4a expression is low to undetectable, with high levels appearing in older persons. FIGURE 2 shows the effect of age on p16INK4a expression in 594 patients. These data give p16INK4a expression the potential to be an accurate predictor of cell senescence in an individual patient.

For example, if one hypothesizes that senescent cells are less likely to replicate to ameliorate the adverse effects of chemotherapy (ie, myelosuppression or mucositis), then investigators might be able to accurately predict between 2 patients of the same ageone with high p16INK4a expression and one with lowthat the patient with higher expression would have less cellular reserve and be more vulnerable to adverse effects. Studies are underway to determine if p16INK4a expression measured before treatment will prove to be a predictive marker of toxicity for currently used adjuvant chemotherapy regimens.

Investigators have examined several hundred patients with early breast cancer and a smaller number with childhood cancer and after bone marrow transplantation, and they have found that most chemotherapy regimens cause rapid and sustained increases in p16INK4a expression. Changes are seen shortly and dramatically after beginning chemotherapy, persist over time, and are irreversible.5,8,9 In adolescents and young adults treated with chemotherapy, significant increases in p16INK4a expression were associated with frailty and represented a 35-year acceleration in age among frail young adult cancer survivors. These data mimic what has been clinically noted in large study of adults who had childhood cancer: Approximately one-third of young adults and childhood cancer survivors aged 35 years have a disease phenotype of a person aged 65 years.4 Our group has also found that p16INK4a expression rose markedly in patients treated with allogeneic or autologous stem cell transplants for hematologic malignancies. These patients had a 2- to 3-fold increase in p16INK4a expression corresponding to 16 to 28 years of accelerated aging.10

We have noted similar findings in women with early-stage breast cancer. In patients treated with adjuvant or neoadjuvant chemotherapy, especially with anthracycline-based regimens (doxorubicin, cyclophosphamide, and taxanes with or without carboplatin), p16INK4a expression rose dramatically during chemotherapy and persisted during follow-up. On average, chemotherapy accelerated aging by approximately 17 years of life span, with acceleration of 23 to 27 years for those treated with anthracycline-based treatment.

Of note, docetaxel/cyclophosphamide regimens were associated with only 11 years of aging, and we found no evidence that anti-HER2 therapy affected p16INK4a expression. In these studies, accelerated aging due to chemotherapy represents estimates based on the trajectory of p16INK4a expression in normal patients over their lifespan. We are uncertain of the long-term implications of these changes. In our breast cancer studies, baseline p16INK4a expression was also associated with fatigue. In a recent unpublished analysis (Mitin N, et al), the difference between a patients baseline p16INK4a expression and a normal value for a patient of the same agethe p16 gapwas highly predictive of chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy with taxane chemotherapy. We also found that baseline p16INK4a expression is a significant predictor of a p16 change, independent of age or chemotherapy type, with those patients having lower baseline p16INK4a expression being more likely to have greater changes with any chemotherapy regimen. The reasons for this are unclear, but patients of similar age with higher p16INK4a less ability to overcome tissue and organ damage. Not all chemotherapeutic agentsfor example, taxanes used as a single agentmay be associated with accelerated aging.11 More detailed studies of patients treated with different agents, including immunotherapeutic and other biologic therapies, and for different types of cancer are needed.

The long-term implications of changes in p16INK4a expression with chemotherapy are unknown, but our data suggest that higher levels may be indicators of frailty, a syndrome associate with increased comorbidity, poor quality of life, and shortened survival. p16INK4a expression has been associated with other diseases of aging, including cardiovascular disease, osteoporosis, and other common illnesses, and our chemotherapy-treated patients with accelerated aging may experience major problems 10 to 20 years after treatment, similar to young adults with cancer, and at a time when they are not likely to be followed by their oncologists.

However, these concerns should not mitigate the use of what has proven to be markedly effective treatment regimens that have dramatically improved overall survival in childhood cancer and breast cancer. It is too early to speculate, especially in breast cancer, whether nonanthracycline regimens with similar effectiveness to anthracyclines may be worth considering for patients with long life expectancy. The use of biomarkers in aging research, geroscience, is an exciting area of exploration, and p16INK4a expression is just one of the markers currently being studied.12 The implications of accelerated aging are being studied in other scenarios, and a broad range of studies are exploring interventions to ameliorate biological changes suggesting accelerated aging.

An excellent review of these issues and potential interventions is available13 and describes studies of exercise, diet and nutrition strategies, and senolytics. Learning about the effects of cancer treatment on aging is of major importance, as the clinical scenario of cancer is dominated by older adults who already may have a substantial comorbid illness at the time of diagnosis that might be accelerated by treatment. In children and young adults with cancer, learning how to assess and, in the future, intervene to prevent treatment-related accelerated aging is also a major need.

Creative Medical Technology Holdings Publishes Efficacy in Pain Reduction and Mobility in Patients with Disc Degenerative Disc Using StemSpine…

By adminMarch 8, 2021Stem Cell Medicine

PHOENIX, March 4, 2021 /PRNewswire/ --(OTC - CELZ)Creative Medical Technology Holdings announced today a publication in the pre-print server SSRN describing data from its first 15 patients treated in a clinical trial evaluation perispinal injection of bone marrow cells in patients with disc degenerative disease. Evaluation of patients at 30,60 90, 180, and 360 days revealed significant improvement in mobility and reduction in pain score . The mean pain changed from 8.9 at baseline to 4.3 at 30 days and sustained to 1.8 at 6 months and 1.3 at 12 months with a gradual reduction in overall pain medication utilization guided by their healthcare team. No serious adverse effects were noted with some short-term bruising in two patients at the harvest site and no long term adverse events where reported related to the procedure.

"This publication, which is "pre-peer review" describes what to our knowledge is the first demonstration of a signal of clinical efficacy by injecting stem cells in areas surrounding the disc." Said Dr Amit Patel, Board Member and Co-Founder of the Company. "While others have intra-disc injection may help disc pain, the current work regenerates the blood supple to the disc, allowing the disc to heal itself."

The autologous utilization of bone marrow falls under the "minimal manipulation exception" and can be commercialized rapidly, in the same manner that the Company commercialized Caverstem for treatment of erectile dysfunction.

Granted United States Patent #9,598,673 which is owned by the Company covers the use of any mesenchymal stem cells, both from the patient or from donors, for reduction of lower back pain when injected into the major muscles of the lower back.

"Disc degenerative disease represents a multi-billion dollar market for which current medical solutions do not address the underlying cause, while surgery is expensive and not applicable for a significant number of patients." Said Timothy Warbington, President and CEO of the Company. "We are excited to follow the path we did with CaverStem and initiate commercialization of this technology for American patients."

To view our Publication: https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3797402

About Creative Medical Technology HoldingsCreative Medical Technology Holdings, Inc. is a commercial stage biotechnology company specializing in regenerative medicine/stem cell technology in the fields of immunotherapy, urology, neurology and orthopedics and is listed on the OTC under the ticker symbol CELZ. For further information about the company, please visitwww.creativemedicaltechnology.com.

Forward Looking StatementsOTC Markets has not reviewed and does not accept responsibility for the adequacy or accuracy of this release. This news release may contain forward-looking statements including but not limited to comments regarding the timing and content of upcoming clinical trials and laboratory results, marketing efforts, funding, etc. Forward-looking statements address future events and conditions and, therefore, involve inherent risks and uncertainties. Actual results may differ materially from those currently anticipated in such statements. See the periodic and other reports filed by Creative Medical Technology Holdings, Inc. with the Securities and Exchange Commission and available on the Commission's website atwww.sec.gov.

http://www.StemSpine.com http://www.CaverStem.com http://www.FemCelz.com

SOURCE Creative Medical Technology Holdings, Inc.

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Stem Cell Therapy Market expected to reach USD 16.51 Billion by 2025 KSU | The Sentinel Newspaper – KSU | The Sentinel Newspaper

By adminMarch 8, 2021Stem Cell Medicine

Stem Cell Therapy Market is valued at USD 9.32 Billion in 2018 and expected to reach USD 16.51 Billion by 2025 with the CAGR of 8.5% over the forecast period.

In its latest report on Stem Cell Therapy Market provides a concise analysis of the recent market trends. The report further includes statistics, market forecasts and revenue estimations, which in addition highlights its status in the competitive domain as well as expansion trends adopted by major industry players.

Rising prevalence of chronic diseases, increasing spend on research & development and increasing collaboration between industry and academia driving the growth of stem cell therapy market.

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Scope of Stem Cell TherapyMarket-

Stem cells therapy also known as regenerative medicine therapy, stem-cell therapy is the use of stem cells to prevent or treat the condition or disease. Stem cell are the special type of cells those differentiated from other type of cell into two defining characteristics including the ability to differentiate into a specialized adult cell type and perpetual self-renewal. Under the appropriate conditions in the body or a laboratory stem cells are capable to build every tissue called daughter cells in the human body; hence these cells have great potential for future therapeutic uses in tissue regeneration and repair. Among stem cell pluripotent are the type of cell that can become any cell in the adult body, and multipotent type of cell are restricted to becoming a more limited population of cells.

The stem cell therapy has been used to treat people with conditions including leukemia and lymphoma, however this is the only form of stem-cell therapy which is widely practiced. Prochymal are another stem-cell therapy was conditionally approved in Canada in 2012 for the treatment of acute graft-vs-host disease in children those are not responding to steroids. Nevertheless, hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is the only established therapy using stem cells. This therapy involves the bone marrow transplantation.

Stem cell therapy market report is segmented based on type, therapeutic application, cell source and by regional & country level. Based upon type, stem cell therapy market is classified into allogeneic stem cell therapy market and autologous market.

Based upon therapeutic application, stem cell therapy market is classified into musculoskeletal disorders, wounds and injuries, cardiovascular diseases, surgeries, gastrointestinal diseases and other applications. Based upon cell source, stem cell therapy market is classified into adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells, bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells, cord blood/embryonic stem cells and other cell sources

The regions covered in this stem cell therapy market report are North America, Europe, Asia-Pacific and Rest of the World. On the basis of country level, market of stem cell therapy is sub divided into U.S., Mexico, Canada, U.K., France, Germany, Italy, China, Japan, India, South East Asia, GCC, Africa, etc.

Stem Cell TherapyCompanies:

Stem cell therapy market report covers prominent players like,

Osiris Therapeutics, Inc

MEDIPOST

Anterogen, Ltd.

Cynata

Pharmicell

Cytori Therapeutics

Holostem Terapie Avanzate S.r.l.

JCR Pharmaceuticals

NuVasive

RTI Surgical

STEMCELL Technologies

BIOTIME

Osiris Therapeutics

Human Longevity

Advanced Cell Technology

Promethera Biosciences

Mesoblast and AlloSource

others

Stem Cell TherapyMarket Dynamics

Rising spend on research and development activities in the research institutes and biotech industries driving the growth of the stem cell therapy market during the forecast period. For instance, in January 2010, U. S. based Augusta University initiated Phase I clinical trial to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of a single, autologous cord blood stem infusion for treatment of cerebral palsyin children. The study is estimated to complete in July 2020. Additionally, increasing prevalence of chronic diseases creating the demand of stem cell therapy. For instance, as per the international diabetes federation, in2019, around 463 million population across the world were living withdiabetes; by 2045 it is expected to rise around 700 million. Among all 79% of population withdiabeteswere living in low- and middle-income countries. These all factors are fuelling the growth of market over the forecast period. On the other flip, probabilities of getting success is less in the therapeutics by stem cell may restrain the growth of market. Nevertheless, Advancement of technologies and government initiative to encourage research in stem cell therapy expected to create lucrative opportunity in stem cell therapy market over the forecast period.

Stem Cell TherapyMarketRegional Analysis

North America is dominating the stem cell therapy market due increasing adoption rate of novel stem cell therapies fueling the growth of market in the region. Additionally, favorable government initiatives have encouraging the regional market growth. For instance, government of Canada has initiated Strategic Innovation Fund Program, in which gov will invests in research activities carried out for stem cell therapies. In addition, good reimbursing scheme in the region helping patient to spend more on health. Above mentioned factors are expected to drive the North America over the forecast period.

Asia Pacific is anticipated to grow at a highest CAGR over forecast period due to rising awareness of benefits of stem cell therapies among the population. In addition, increasing collaboration between industry-academia to initiate research and development in the stem cell therapy expected to create the huge growth over the forecast period. For instance, as per the report of Pharma Focus Asia, members of Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation collaborated with Life Sciences Innovation Forum to involve professionals having expertise in stem cell therapies from academia and research centers to promote developments in stem cell research which will foster regional market growth.

Key Benefits for Stem Cell TherapyMarketReports

Global Market report covers in depth historical and forecast analysis.

Global Market research report provides detail information about Market Introduction, Market Summary, Global market Revenue (Revenue USD), Market Drivers, Market Restraints, Market opportunities, Competitive Analysis, Regional and Country Level.

Global Market report helps to identify opportunities in market place.

Global Market report covers extensive analysis of emerging trends and competitive landscape.

Stem Cell TherapyMarketSegmentation

By Type

By Therapeutic Application

By Cell Source

Regional & Country Analysis North America, U.S., Mexico, Canada , Europe, UK, France, Germany, Italy , Asia Pacific, China, Japan, India, Southeast Asia, South America, Brazil, Argentina, Columbia, The Middle East and Africa, GCC, Africa, Rest of Middle East and Africa

Table of Content

1.1. Research Process

1.2. Primary Research

1.3. Secondary Research

1.4. Market Size Estimates

1.5. Data Triangulation

1.6. Forecast Model

1.7. USPs of Report

1.8. Report Description

2.1. Market Introduction

2.2. Executive Summary

2.3. Global Stem Cell Therapy Market Classification

2.4. Market Drivers

2.5. Market Restraints

2.6. Market Opportunity

2.7. Stem Cell Therapy Market: Trends

2.8. Porters Five Forces Analysis

2.9. Market Attractiveness Analysis

Continued

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Brandessence market research publishes market research reports & business insights produced by highly qualified and experienced industry analysts. Our research reports are available in a wide range of industry verticals including aviation, food & beverage, healthcare, ICT, Construction, Chemicals and lot more. Brand Essence Market Research report will be best fit for senior executives, business development managers, marketing managers, consultants, CEOs, CIOs, COOs, and Directors, governments, agencies, organizations and Ph.D. Students. We have a delivery center in Pune, India and our sales office is in London.

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Stem Cell Therapy Market expected to reach USD 16.51 Billion by 2025 KSU | The Sentinel Newspaper - KSU | The Sentinel Newspaper

New Controversy for Stem Cell Therapy That Repairs Spinal Cords – The Great Courses Daily News

By adminMarch 8, 2021Stem Cell Medicine

By Jonny Lupsha, Current Events Writer An alternative to using human embryonic stem cells is to use pluripotent stem cells, which refers to the ability of a stem cell, such as skin cells from an adult, to give rise to other differentiated cell types. Photo By Yurchanka Siarhei / Shutterstock

Patients who have received treatment from their own stem cells to repair their spinal cords are at the center of controversy after the stem cell therapy was fast-tracked in Japan in 2018. Despite 13 patients showing considerable recovery in response to the treatment, the means to this end have suggested improper shortcuts taken in the last several years.

It isnt the first time that stem cell research has been in the spotlight for ethical reasons. One controversial method of obtaining stem cells is to take them from human embryos, which has been argued about for decades. However, alternatives to embryo use are coming to pass.

In his video series Biochemistry and Molecular Biology: How Life Works, Dr. Kevin Ahern, Professor of Biochemistry and Biophysics at Oregon State University, said much about stem cells and the science that surrounds them.

There are two things that are special about stem cells, Dr. Ahern said. One is that they are capable of dividing indefinitelythat is, as long as the organism is alive. The other is that they are undifferentiatedtheyre like a child who hasnt yet chosen whether to be an astronaut, ballerina, surgeon, or an artist.

Dr. Ahern said that when stem cells divide, they can either differentiate and become a specialized cell or they can go back into the stock of stem cells. In an embryo, at the earliest stages of development, the fertilized egg divides to produce a certain number of unspecialized cells called embryonic stem cells. They become specialized by receiving certain signals, so scientists can learn what these signals are and send them to unspecialized cells to make them develop as they wish. This could mean making them become cells to repair nerve damage, heart muscles, and more.

However, some see this as tampering with nature and/or stealing cells from the embryo. Regardless of our opinions one way or the other, these ethical concerns have been raised, prompting scientists to find alternatives.

How else can stem cells be obtained, if not from embryos?

One solution is the production of what are called induced pluripotent stem cells, or iPS cells, Dr. Ahern said. Pluripotent refers to the ability of a stem cell to give rise to other differentiated cell types. To do this and yet avoid working with cells from a human embryo, scientists begin with differentiated somatic cells [like] cells from the skin of an adult, for example.

Once theyve isolated the differentiated somatic cells, scientists reverse engineer them into a state in which they can become any number of differentiated cells or tissues. Dr. Ahern said that iPS cells have been used to create beating heart cells, motor neurons, light-sensing photoreceptor cells, insulin-producing pancreatic cells, and more.

In 2017, Japanese researchers reported that monkeys with Parkinsons showed great improvement after treatment with dopamine-producing neurons derived from iPS cells, Dr. Ahern said. In 2018, clinical trials with humans were begun using iPS cells to treat Parkinsons, heart disease, and macular degeneration.

For now, stem cell therapy remains no stranger to controversyor results. The debate raging around them will likely continue in one way or another for some time.

Edited by Angela Shoemaker, The Great Courses Daily

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New Controversy for Stem Cell Therapy That Repairs Spinal Cords - The Great Courses Daily News

Cell Therapy for Cartilage Regeneration Gets a Boost With Hyaluronic Acid Enriched Chondrocytes in a 3D Tissue Engineering Platform – Business Wire

By adminMarch 8, 2021Stem Cell Medicine

TOKYO--(BUSINESS WIRE)--Regenerative therapy to treat knee joint damages gets a boost with a breakthrough technology of growing ideal type of cartilage cells including chondroprogenitors and mesenchymal stem cells enriched with hyaluronic acid (HA), reported by Dr Shojiro Katoh, President, Edogawa Hospital in The KNEE journal (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.knee.2021.02.019). Edogawa Evolutionary Laboratory of Science (EELS) researchers accomplished this feat using a 3D tissue engineering scaffold, without externally added HA or growth factors. They hope this technology will improvise the clinical outcome of Autologous Chondrocyte Implantation (ACI) and Matrix Assisted Chondrocyte Implantation (MACI) treatments.

Regenerative medicine applications for articular cartilage repair require growing chondrocytes taken from patients own joint, in the lab, followed by transplantation to the disease affected portion, enable them restore, replace, rejuvenate or regenerate the cartilage in ACI or MACI procedures, practiced by orthopedicians and arthroscopy surgeons worldwide. The lab environment makes the chondrocytes, many a time, grow as fibrocartilage, whereas, hyaline cartilage is the ideal type of tissue required, which contributes to weight bearing function of the joint. Having proven hyaline cartilage growth in vitro (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.reth.2020.03.006) and their in vivo efficacy (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jor.2017.01.003), EELS team has now proven that stem cell like progenitors and mesenchymal stem cells residing in the human cartilage could be grown without artificial reprogramming or animal proteins or feeder layers (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jor.2021.01.005).

Hyaluranon (HA) in the matrix is essential for homeostasis of cartilage, which is injected to treat cartilage damages in clinics and in the lab, added from external sources to support chondrocyte culture. On the contrary, Dr Katoh`s team used a polymer scaffold that retains chondrocyte secreted HA to enhance their growth as a tissue, yielding higher HA content. This is another milestone in regenerative medicine, as it produces chondrocytes that are most suitable for clinical transplant with potentials for better healing and value addition to existing ACI and MACI procedures, after relevant clinical validation.

Further studies on miRNA-140, another essential cartilage component and the technologys anti-aging capabilities are underway to address debilitating joint diseases affecting millions worldwide in this method termed EELS-TALC, (Enriched with Essentials and Lapped in Scaffold, Transplant-suitable Autologous Leveraged Chondrocytes) in collaboration among EELS, JBM Inc and GN Corporation.

Scar-Forming Cells Switch to Producing New Neurons that Promote Functional Recovery in Mice after Spinal Cord Injury – Genetic Engineering &…

By adminMarch 8, 2021Stem Cell Medicine

Researchers at UT Southwestern (UTSW) and Indiana University have used genetic engineering techniques to trigger the production of functional nerve cells from scar-forming cells in mouse spinal cords, in response to spinal cord injury (SCI). The studies showed that neurogenic reprogramming of the spinal NG2 glial cells led to functional improvements in the animals after SCI, with the newly formed neurons rebuilding neuronal circuits.

The team hopes the achievement could point to new therapeutic approaches that could one day help the hundreds of thousands of people worldwide who suffer a spinal cord injury each year. The researchers, led by Chun-Li Zhang, PhD, professor of molecular biology and a W.W. Caruth, Jr. scholar in biomedical research at UTSW, reported their results in a paper in Cell Stem Cell, in which they concluded: Our results reveal a cellular and molecular mechanism underlying neural injury-induced cell plasticity that can be exploited for adult neurogenesis and relay formation in a region that has largely lost the ability to regenerate. Their report is titled, In vivo reprogramming of NG2 glia enables adult neurogenesis and functional recovery following spinal cord injury.

Cells in some body tissues proliferate after injury, replacing dead or damaged cells as part of healing. The brain itself does have limited capacity to produce new nerve cells, and this is possible thanks to progenitor cells that turn on distinct regenerative pathways. Adult neurogenesis in the brain plays critical roles in maintaining homeostasis and responding to neurological conditions, including injuries, Zhang and colleagues explained.

Chun-Li Zhang, PhD [UT Southwestern Medical Center]However, the spinal cord typically does not generate new neurons after injury, and this is a key barrier to recovery from SCI. Because the spinal cord acts as a signal relay between the brain and the rest of the body, Zhang added, this inability of the spinal cord to self repair permanently halts communication between these two areas, leading to paralysis, loss of sensation, and sometimes life-threatening consequences, such as an inability to control breathing or heart rate.

Using the knowledge of limited brain neurogenesis as inspiration, the researchers looked for cells that might have similar potential for regeneration in the spinal cord. Working with a mouse model of spinal cord injury, they looked in the animals injured spinal cords for a marker, DCX, that is normally found in immature neurons. DCX is normally expressed in neuroblasts and immature neurons and can serve as a reliable marker for adult neurogenesis, the team wrote. It is highly expressed in the developing spinal cord but completely turned off in the adult. Interestingly, they identified this marker in the spinal cord specifically after injury, and also tracked the marker to the non-neuronal NG2 glia cells, which produced it in response to SCI.

NG2 glia serve as progenitors for oligodendrocytes, cells that produce the insulating myelin layer that surrounds neurons. NG2 glia are also recognized as forming glial scars following injury. In response to injury, NG2 glia increase their numbers and become a major component of the glial scar, the scientists noted.

But the work by Zhangs team also showed that when the spinal cord in mice was injured, these glial cells transiently adopted molecular and morphological markers of immature neurons. To determine what caused the NG2 glia to change, the researchers focused on SOX2, a stem cell protein induced by injury. To understand how SCI induces cell reprogramming, we focused on SOX2, a stem cell factor essential for neurogenesis and neural development, the authors explained. our immunohistochemistry showed a 3.6-fold increase in the number of SOX2+ cells and the intensity of SOX2 expression in each cell surrounding the lesion site of the adult mouse spinal cord Most intriguingly, nearly all (94%) of the SCI-induced DCX+ cells co-expressed SOX2.

When the scientists then genetically manipulated NG2 cells to inactivate the gene that makes the SOX2 protein, they saw far fewer immature neurons in the days following SCI, suggesting that SOX2 plays a key role in helping NG2 glia make these new immature neurons. However, they also found that even with normal levels of SOX2, these immature neurons never matured into replacements for those affected by the injury. SCI only induces a transient phenotypic switch of NG2 glia to DCX+ cells, which eventually fail to become mature neurons, they wrote.

Zhang and his colleagues then used a different genetic manipulation technique to make NG2 glia overproduce SOX2. They found that in the weeks after spinal cord injury, mice with SOX2-overproducing NG2 glia generated tens of thousands of new mature neurons. Further investigation showed that these neurons integrated into the injured area, making the new connections with existing neurons that are necessary to relay signals between the brain and body.Even more promising, suggested Zhang, is that this genetic engineering led to functional improvements after spinal cord injury.

Encouragingly, animals engineered to overproduce SOX2 in their NG2 glia performed markedly better on motor skills weeks after spinal cord injury, when compared with animals that produced normal amounts of SOX2. The reasons for this improved performance seemed to be multifold. Not only had the animals generated neurons that appeared to take over for those damaged during injury, but they also had far less scar tissue at the injury site that could hinder recovery, Zhang explained. reprogramming of NG2 glia leads to generation of new neurons and reduction of glial scars, both of which may contribute to functional improvements after SCI, the team noted.

New spinal neurons converted from glia. [UT Southwestern Medical Center]They hope the results could lead to new strategies for identifying and developing safe and effective ways to overproduce SOX2 in human spinal cord injury patients, as an approach to helping repair injuries with new neurons, while reducing scar tissue formation. These results reveal a latent neurogenic potential of somatic glial cells, which can be leveraged for regenerative medicine, they concluded in their paper.

The field of spinal cord injury has extensively researched trying to heal the damage with stem cells that produce new neurons, but what were proposing here is that we may not need to transplant cells from the outside, Zhang said. By encouraging NG2 glia to make more SOX2, the body can make its own new neurons, rebuilding from within.

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Scar-Forming Cells Switch to Producing New Neurons that Promote Functional Recovery in Mice after Spinal Cord Injury - Genetic Engineering &...

Moderna Hires Harvard Stem Cell Researcher Jonathan Hoggatt as Director of Hematology: What You Need to Know – Yahoo Finance

By adminMarch 8, 2021Stem Cell Medicine

TipRanks

Its time to check in with the macro picture, to get an idea of just where markets are headed in the coming months. Thats what a JPMorgan global research team, headed up by Joyce Chang, has been doing. The JPM team starts by noting the sell-off in US Treasury bonds last week, pushing up yields as investors acted in response to inflationary fears. However, the rise in bond yields steadied on Friday, and Changs team does not believe that inflation is the great bugaboo its made out to be; her team sees a combination of economic growth and fiscal stimulus creating a virtuous circle of consumer spending fueling more growth. They write, Our global economics team is now forecasting US nominal GDP to average roughly 7% growth over this year and next as targeted measures have been successful in addressing COVID-19 and economic activity is not being jeopardized. Global growth will exceed 5%... What this means, in JPMs view, is that the coming year should be good for stocks. Interest rates are likely to remain low, in the firms estimation, while inflation should moderate as the economy returns to normal. JPMs stock analysts have been following the strategy team, and seeking out the stocks they see as winners over the next 12 months. Three of their recent picks make for an interesting lot, with Strong Buy ratings from the analyst community and over 50% upside potential. Weve used the TipRanks database to pull the details on them. Lets take a look. On24 (ONTF) The first JPM pick were looking at here is On24, the online streaming service that offers third parties access for scaled and personalized networked events. In other words, On24 makes its streaming service available for other companies to use in setting up interactive features, including webinars, virtual events, and multi-media experiences. The San Francisco-based company boasts a base of more than 1900 corporate users. On24s customers engage online with more than 4 million professionals every month, for more than 42 million hours every year. As can be imagined, On24 saw a surge of customer interest and business in the past year, as virtual offices and telecommuting situations expanded and the company has now used that as a base for going public. On24 held its IPO last month, and entered the NYSE on February 3. The opening was a success; 8.56 million shares were put on the market at $77 each, well above the $50 initial pricing. However, shares have taken a beating since, and have dropped by 36%. Nevertheless, JPMs Sterling Auty thinks the company is well-placed to capitalize on current trends. The COVID-19 pandemic, we believe, has changed the face of B2B marketing and sales forever. It has forced companies to move most of their sales lead generation into the digital world where On24 is typically viewed as the best webinar/webcast provider. the 5-star analyst wrote. Even post-pandemic we expect the marketing motion to be hybrid with digital and in-person being equally important. That should drive further adoption of On24-like solutions, and we expect On24 to capture a material share of that opportunity. In line with these upbeat comments, Auty initiated coverage of the stock with an Overweight (i.e., Buy) rating, and his $85 price target suggests it has room for 73% upside over the next 12 months. (To watch Autys track record, click here.) Sometimes, a company is just so solid and successful that Wall Streets analysts line up right behind it and that is the case here. The Strong Buy analyst consensus rating is unanimous, based on 8 Buy-side reviews published since the stock went public just over a month ago. The shares are currently trading for $49.25 and their $74 average price target implies an upside of 50% from that level. (See On24s stock analysis at TipRanks.) Plug Power, Inc. (PLUG) And moving over to the reusable energy sector, well take a look at a JPM green power pick. Plug Power designs and manufactures hydrogen power cells, a technology with a great deal of potential as a possible replacement for traditional batteries. Hydrogen power cells have potential applications in the automotive sector, as power packs for alt-fuel cars, but also in just about any application that involves the storage of energy home heating, portable electronics, and backup power systems, to name just a few. Over the past year, PLUG shares have seen a tremendous surge, rising over 800%. The stock got an additional boost after Joe Bidens presidential election win and his platform promises to encourage Green Energy. But the stock has pulled back sharply recently, as many over-extended growth names have. Poor 4Q20 results also help explain the recent selloff. Plug reported a deep loss of $1.12 per share, far worse than the 8-cent loss expected, or the 7-cent loss reported in the year-ago quarter. In fact, PLUG has never actually reported positive earnings. This company is supported by the quality of its technology and that techs potential for adoption as industry moves toward renewable energy sources but we arent there yet, despite strides in that direction. The share price retreat makes PLUG an attractive proposition, according to JPM analyst Paul Coster. In the context of the firm's many long-term growth opportunities, we believe the stock is attractively priced at present, ahead of potential positive catalysts, which include additional pedestal customer wins, partnerships and JVs that enable the company to enter new geographies and end-market applications quickly and with modest capital commitment, the analyst said. At present, PLUG is a story stock, appealing to thematic investors as well as generalists seeking exposure to Renewable Energy growth, and Hydrogen in particular. Costers optimistic comments come with an upgrade to PLUGs rating - from a Neutral (i.e., Hold) to Overweight (Buy) - and a $65 price target that indicates a possible 55% upside. (To watch Costers track record, click here.) Plug Power has plenty of support amongst Costers colleagues, too. 13 recent analyst reviews break down to 11 Buys and 1 Hold and Sell, each, all aggregating to a Strong Buy consensus rating. PLUG shares sell for $39.3 and have an average price target of $62.85, which suggests a 60% one-year upside potential. (See Plugs stock analysis at TipRanks.) Orchard Therapeutics, PLC (ORTX) The last JPM stock pick well look at is Orchard Therapeutics, a biopharma research company focused on the development of gene therapies for the treatment of rare diseases. The companys goal is to create curative treatments from the genetic modification of blood stem cells treatments which can reverse the causative factors of the target disease with a single dosing. The companys pipeline features two drug candidates that have received approval in the EU. The first, OTL-200, is a treatment for Metachromatic leukodystrophy (MLD), a serious metabolic disease leading to losses of sensory, motor, and cognitive functioning. Strimvelis, the second approved drug, is a gammaretroviral vector-based gene therapy, and the first such ex vivo autologous gene therapy to receive approve by the European Medicines Agency. It is a treatment for adenosine deaminase deficiency (ADA-SCID), when the patient has no available related stem cell donor. In addition to these two EU-approved drugs, Orchard has ten other drug candidates in various stages of the pipeline process, from pre-clinical research to early-phase trials. Anupam Rama, another of JPMs 5-star analysts, took a deep dive into Orchard and was impressed with what he saw. In his coverage of the stock, he notes several key points: Maturing data across various indications in rare genetic diseases continues to de-risk the broader ex vivo autologous gene therapy platform from both an efficacy / safety perspective Key opportunities in MLD (including OTL-200 and other drug candidates) have sales potential each in the ~$200-400M range Importantly, the overall benefit/risk profile of Orchards approach is viewed favorably in the eyes of physicians. At current levels, we believe ORTX shares under-reflect the risk-adjusted potential of the pipeline... The high sales potential here leads Rama to rate the stock as Outperform (Buy) and to set a $15 price target, implying a robust 122% upside potential in the next 12 months. (To watch Ramas track record, click here.) Wall Street generally is in clear agreement with JPM on this one, too. ORTX shares have 6 Buy reviews, for a unanimous Strong Buy analyst consensus rating, and the $15.17 average price target suggests a 124% upside from the current $6.76 trading price. (See Orchards stock analysis at TipRanks.) Disclaimer: The opinions expressed in this article are solely those of the featured analysts. The content is intended to be used for informational purposes only. It is very important to do your own analysis before making any investment.

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Moderna Hires Harvard Stem Cell Researcher Jonathan Hoggatt as Director of Hematology: What You Need to Know - Yahoo Finance

NK Cell Therapy and Stem Cell Therapy Market Size, Industry Analysis, Growth Factors, Trends, and Regional Forecast to 2027 – KSU | The Sentinel…

By adminMarch 8, 2021Stem Cell Clinics

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