Human Embryonic Stem Cells (hESC) Market Analysis By ... Yahoo Finance NEW YORK, March 29, 2017 /PRNewswire/ -- The global human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) market is anticipated to reach USD 1.06 billion by 2025, ... Global Human Embryonic Stem Cells (HESC) Market 2017- Astellas ... |
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OBAMA LIFTS FUNDING BAN
On March 9, 2009, President Barack Obama lifted, by Executive Order, the Bush administration's eight-year ban on federal funding of embryonic stem research.
Remarked the President, "Today... we will bring the change that so many scientists and researchers, doctors and innovators, patients and loved ones have hoped for, and fought for, these past eight years."
See Obama's Remarks on Lifting the Embryonic Stem Cell Research Ban, in which he also signed a Presidential Memorandum directing development of a strategy for restoring scientific integrity to government decision-making.
BUSH VETOES IN 2006, 2007
In 2005, H.R. 810, the Stem Cell Research Enhancement Act of 2005, was passed by the Republican-led House in May 2005 by a vote of 238 to 194. The Senate passed the bill in July 2006 by a bipartisan vote of 63 to 37.
President Bush opposed embryonic stem cell research on ideological grounds. He exercised his first presidential veto on July 19, 2006 when he refused to allow H.R. 810 to become law. Congress was unable to muster enough votes to override the veto.
In April 2007, the Democratic-led Senate passed the Stem Cell Research Enhancement Act of 2007 by a vote of 63 to 34. In June 2007, the House passed the legislation by a vote of 247 to 176.
President Bush vetoed the bill on June 20, 2007.
PUBLIC SUPPORT FOR EMBRYONIC STEM CELL RESEARCH
For years, all polls report that the American public STRONGLY supports federal funding of embryonic stem cell research.
Reported the Washington Post in March 2009: "In a January Washington Post-ABC News poll, 59 percent of Americans said they supported loosening the current restrictions, with support topping 60 percent among both Democrats and independents.
Most Republicans, however, stood in opposition (55 percent opposed; 40 percent in support)."
Despite public perceptions, embryonic stem cell research was legal in the U.S. during the Bush administration: the President had banned the use of federal funds for research. He did not ban private and state research funding, much of which was being conducted by pharmaceutical mega-corporations.
In Fall 2004 , California voters approved a $3 billion bond to fund embryonic stem cell research. In contrast, embryonic stem cell research is prohibited in Arkansas, Iowa, North and South Dakota and Michigan.
Latest News
In August 2005, Harvard University scientists announced a break-through discovery that fuses "blank" embryonic stem cells with adult skin cells, rather than with fertilized embryos, to create all-purpose stem cells viable to treat diseases and disabilities.
This discovery doesn't result in the death of fertilized human embryos, and thus would effectively respond to pro-life objections to embryonic stem cell research and therapy.
Harvard researchers warned that it could take up to ten years to perfect this highly promising process.
As South Korea, Great Britain, Japan, Germany, India and other countries rapidly pioneer this new technological frontier, the US is being left farther and farther behind in medical technology. The US is also losing out on billions in new economic opportunities at a time when our country sorely needs new sources of revenues.
Background
Therapeutic cloning is a method to produce stem cell lines that were genetic matches for adults and children.
Steps in therapeutic cloning are: 1.
An egg is obtained from a human donor. 2. The nucleus (DNA) is removed from the egg. 3. Skin cells are taken from the patient. 4. The nucleus (DNA) is removed from a skin cell. 5. A skin cell nucleus is implanted in the egg. 6. The reconstructed egg, called a blastocyst, is stimulated with chemicals or electric current. 7. In 3 to 5 days, the embryonic stem cells are removed. 8. The blastocyst is destroyed. 9. Stem cells can be used to generate an organ or tissue that is a genetic match to the skin cell donor.
The first 6 steps are same for reproductive cloning. However, instead of removing stem cells, the blastocyst is implanted in a woman and allowed to gestate to birth. Reproductive cloning is outlawed in most countries.
Before Bush stopped federal research in 2001, a minor amount of embryonic stem cell research was performed by US scientists using embryos created at fertility clinics and donated by couples who no longer needed them.
The pending bipartisan Congressional bills all propose using excess fertility clinic embryos.
Stem cells are found in limited quantities in every human body, and can be extracted from adult tissue with great effort but without harm. Consensus among researchers has been that adult stem cells are limited in usefulness because they can be used to produce only a few of the 220 types of cells found in the human body. However, evidence has recently emerged that adult cells may be more flexible than previously believed.
Embryonic stem cells are blank cells that have not yet been categorized or programmed by the body, and can be prompted to generate any of the 220 human cell types. Embryonic stem cells are extremely flexible.
Pros
Embryonic stem cells are thought by most scientists and researchers to hold potential cures for spinal cord injuries, multiple sclerosis, diabetes, Parkinson's disease, cancer, Alzheimer's disease, heart disease, hundreds of rare immune system and genetic disorders and much more.
Scientists see almost infinite value in the use of embryonic stem cell research to understand human development and the growth and treatment of dieases.
Actual cures are many years away, though, since research has not progressed to the point where even one cure has yet been generated by embryonic stem cell research.
Over 100 million Americans suffer from diseases that eventually may be treated more effectively or even cured with embryonic stem cell therapy. Some researchers regard this as the greatest potential for the alleviation of human suffering since the advent of antibiotics.
Many pro-lifers believe that the proper moral and religious course of action is to save existing life through embryonic stem cell therapy.
Cons
Some staunch pro-lifers and most pro-life organizations regard the destruction of the blastocyst, which is a laboratory-fertilized human egg, to be the murder of human life. They believe that life begins at conception, and that destruction of this pre-born life is morally unacceptable.
They believe that it is immoral to destroy a few-days-old human embryo, even to save or reduce suffering in existing human life.
Many also believe that insufficient attention been given to explore the potential of adult stem cells, which have already been used to successfully cure many diseases. They also argue that too little attention has been paid to the potential of umbilical cord blood for stem cell research. They also point out that no cures have yet been produced by embryonic stem cell therapy.
At every step of the embryonic stem cell therapy process, decisions are made by scientists, researchers, medical professionals and women who donate eggs...decisions that are fraught with serious ethical and moral implications. Those against embryonic stem cell research argue that funding should be used to greatly expand adult stem research, to circumvent the many moral issues involving the use of human embryos.
Where It Stands
Now that President Obama has lifted the federal funding ban for embryonic stem cell research, financial support will soon flow to federal and state agencies to commence the necessary scientific research. The timeline for therapeutic solutions available to all Americans could be years away.
President Obama observed on March 9, 2009, when he lifted the ban:
"Medical miracles do not happen simply by accident. They result from painstaking and costly research, from years of lonely trial and error, much of which never bears fruit, and from a government willing to support that work...
"Ultimately, I cannot guarantee that we will find the treatments and cures we seek. No President can promise that.
"But I can promise that we will seek them -- actively, responsibly, and with the urgency required to make up for lost ground."
Originally posted here:
Obama Lifts Funding Ban on Embryonic Stem Cell Research
But obtaining human embryonic stem cells has been controversial, because until now it required the destruction of living embryos.
In the current technology, embryonic stem cells are derived by extracting a mass of cells from an embryo.
Since an early embryo is made of only a few cellsabout eight to tentaking enough to create viable cultures kills the embryo.
"Many people, including [U.S.] President Bush, are concerned about destroying life in order to save life," Lanza said.
U.S. law currently prohibits the use of federal funds for research in which a human embryo is destroyed.
Colony of Stem Cells
Last year Lanza's team showed that it's possible to remove a single cell from a mouse embryo without destroying the embryo.
Through various manipulations, the team grew that cell into a colony of mouse embryonic stem cells.
The extraction procedure is similar to that used during in vitro fertilization to remove a single cell for preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD).
PGD is a very early form of diagnosis that tests a human embryo for genetic abnormalities before it is implanted in a woman's uterus.
"This is a relatively simple biopsy procedure that has been used to generate over 2,000 healthy babies," Lanza said.
(See 3-D illustrations of a fetus growing in the womb.)
Using spare human embryos from in vitro fertilization for their most recent study, the scientists used a tiny pipette to extract one cell from each embryo and then grew each cell in a hormone-laden culture.
Just like in the case of PGD tests, embryos with only one cell removed would have survived and gone on to grow into fetuses. To get the most from their samples, however, Lanza's team took several cells from each embryo, destroying the embryos in the process.
From a total of 91 cells taken from 16 embryos, Lanza said his team "obtained two stable human embryonic stem cell lines, which have been growing over eight months at this point."
He says the new stem cell lines behave exactly like conventional embryonic stem cells.
"The resulting cells could be used for genetic testing as well as to create stem cells without affecting the subsequent chances of [the embryos developing into children]," Lanza said.
Ethical Quandary Resolved?
Ronald M. Green, director of the Ethics Institute at Dartmouth College in Hanover, New Hampshire, says the research directly addresses the ethical concerns that many people have about stem cell research.
"It is very, very unusual for scientific research to resolve an ethical quandary, and this is one of those rare instances," Green said. "I do believe it solves the ethical problems."
(Explore the stem cell debate in National Geographic magazine: see photos, take a poll, and join the forum.)
Scientists hope the results will soon lead to the release of U.S. federal funding for embryonic stem cell research.
"This could conform to both the ethical and maybe even the legal thinking that has motivated the [U.S.] President to oppose this," Green said.
"I hope he sees this as an opportunity consistent with his values."
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embryonic stem cells - National Geographic News
In Brief A Japanese man has become the first recipient of donated, reprogrammed stem cells as a treatment for macular degeneration. If the treatment proves effective against the age-related eye condition, it could halt or prevent the vision loss of the 10 million people in the U.S. who have macular degeneration. A New Treatment for Macular Degeneration
Macular degeneration is the leading cause of progressive vision loss with almost 10million Americans affected by the disease. Currently, there are no known cures for the conditionalthough stem cells might change that entirely.
Macular degeneration occurs when the central portion, the macula, of the retina is deteriorated. This is where our eyes record images and send them to the brain through the optic nerve. The macula is known for focusing our vision, controlling our ability to read, recognize faces, and see objects clearly.
A Japaneseman in his sixties is the worlds first person to receive induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells donated by a different individual. Rather than tip-toeing around the ethics of embryonic stem cells, scientists were able to remove mature cells from a donor and reprogram them into an embryonic state, which then could be developed into a specific cell-type to treat the disease. Physicians cultivated donated skin cells that were transplanted onto the mans retina to halt the progression of his age-related macular degeneration.
While the mans first surgery was a success, the doctors have said they will make no more announcements about his progress until they have completed all five of the planned procedures. While the effectiveness of this technique cannot be evaluated until the fate of the donated cells and the progression of the patientsmacular degenerationhave been fully monitored, there is increasing interest inusing iPScells for theraputic purposes.
A similar therapy was performed at the Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital in Japan in September 2014, but with a slight difference. In this case, the patient received her own skin cells reprogrammed into retinal cells. As hoped, a year after the surgery her vision had no decline, seemingly halting the macular degeneration. Four more patients in the clinical trial are expected to receive donor cells as well.
The donor-cell procedure, if successful, could help pave the way for the iPS cell bank thatShinya Yamanaka is establishing. An iPS cell bank would allow physicians find theperfect iPS donor per each patients biological signatures. Yamanaka is a Nobel-prizewinning scientist at Kyoto University who pioneered the iPS cells.
Yamanakas idea of a iPS cell bank has the potential torevolutionize modern medicine. It would provide patients with ready-made cells immediately, givinga widespread population access to more treatment options bylower all-around costs. While the risk of genetic defects or a poor donor match still remains, the new procedurecould offer enormous advantagescompared toother alternatives.
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A Japanese Man Has Become the First Recipient of Donated, Reprogrammed Stem Cells - Futurism
Worldwide Human Embryonic Stem Cells (HESC) Market 2017 Industry Research Report presents a professional and complete analysis of global Human Embryonic Stem Cells (HESC) market on the current situation.
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Global Human Embryonic Stem Cells (HESC) Market 2017- Astellas Pharma Inc/ Ocata Therapeutics, STEMCELL ... - First Newshawk
Discovery of a new regulatory protein provides new tool for stem cell ... Science Daily Bioengineers have discovered a protein that regulates the switch of embryonic stem cells from the least developed 'nave' state to the more developed 'primed' ... |
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Discovery of a new regulatory protein provides new tool for stem cell ... - Science Daily
Stem cells More health news
(CNN) - For decades, scientists have sought to create red blood cells in the lab -- a "holy grail" that some hoped could ease regional blood shortages, especially for people with rare blood types.
But now British researchers say they have overcome a major barrier that has plagued many scientists: creating enough red cells to fill a blood bag. Their findings are published in the journal Nature Communications.
"When we kept (the cells) continually dividing for a year, we were quite excited," said Jan Frayne, a biochemist at the University of Bristol and one of the study's lead authors.
The latest study "is a dramatic step forward because it gives us the view that we can actually scale up to whole units of blood," said Dr. Harvey Klein, chief of the NIH Clinical Center's Department of Transfusion Medicine. Klein was not involved in the study.
Two to three drops of blood may contain a billion red cells, according to the American Red Cross.
"This technology gives us that particular dream, or at least it brings us a lot closer," said Klein.
To ramp up production, the UK researchers infected stem cells with cervical cancer genes. By inserting cancer genes from human papilloma virus (HPV) into bone marrow cells, Frayne and her colleagues were able to create the first adult red blood cells that could multiply an infinite number of times. These cells are referred to as "immortal."
The concept may be a familiar one to those who have read the book "The Immortal Life of Henrietta Lacks," in which a related strain of HPV led to the production of HeLa cells, which are widely used in scientific research. These cells were taken from a cervical cancer biopsy from Lacks, who passed away in 1951 but whose cells still multiply in laboratories today.
As the red blood cells mature, they spit out the nucleus -- the core that houses their DNA -- giving the cells a signature round, dimpled shape. Frayne and her colleagues filtered those cells from the rest, so the final batch did not contain the active cancer genes.
Frayne said that a small number of these stem cells can be found in a simple blood draw, too; there's no need to do an invasive biopsy of the bone. Since her team completed the study last year, she said, they have already created two new immortal cell lines this way.
"It's a brilliant approach, and they seemed to have solved several of the really important bottlenecks," said Dr. Robert Lanza, Chief Scientific Officer at the Astellas Institute for Regenerative Medicine.
Lanza is no stranger to the research; he tried to solve the same problem years ago using embryonic stem cells.
But his cells didn't eject the nucleus well enough, and fetal blood cells have too tight a grip on oxygen; they are less likely to drop off the oxygen where it needs to go. Eventually, though, he abandoned the research because "it's not really commercially viable."
Many others have attempted to create blood in the lab, using stem cells from umbilical cords and other sources. But these stem cells fizzle out and stop dividing at a certain point.
"It's almost like they desperately want to carry on differentiating" into mature cells, Frayne said.
In 2011, a group of French researchers transfused lab-grown red blood cells -- which grew from stem cells, though not Frayne's endless supply -- into one human. The cells functioned and survived normally.
Frayne said that the first human trials will begin in England later this year, though they will not be using the immortal cells from her new study. Making the new cells under industry standards, Frayne said, could take at least several more years.
A number of other prior studies have sought to create oxygen-carrying liquids without the need for blood cells, but none of them have proved to be widely usable. In fact, a 2008 analysis found that they carried an increased risk of heart attack and death. A blood substitute called PolyHeme was famously rejected by the US Food and Drug Administration after 10 patients suffered heart attacks out of 81 who received it.
Whole blood contains a lot of other bits and pieces that may not necessarily be grown in a lab, said Lanza: blood-clotting platelets, proteins, immune cells and ions like iron.
But Lanza also said that the advantage of lab-grown blood is that it avoids common problems for patients who require multiple transfusions over their lifetime, such as those with sickle cell disease. For example, iron, which can be toxic at high concentrations, can accumulate with successive blood bags, which are given during a transfusion. Human blood, though rigorously tested, also carries a very small risk of transmitting disease.
And stem cells could be used to create Type O cells, fit for nearly any patient's IV, Lanza said. Known as the "universal donor," Type O is the blood type most often requested by hospitals, but it is frequently in short supply, he said.
But where Lanza really expects to see this technology is on the battlefield.
The Department of Defense technology research agency, known as DARPA, has funded similar studies in the past, such as a "blood pharming" study with a medical device company formerly known as Arteriocyte.
Lanza, who met with DARPA officials about his own blood cell research in the past, said that the military wants to use lab-grown blood "for patients who have massive blood loss, particularly in the battlefield, where a soldier is blown up by a bomb and there isn't time for blood typing."
"I think the goal ultimately is to put this on the back of a Humvee," he said.
That research, however, met the same obstacles other scientists faced in the past, Klein said.
"They were not able to make sufficient amounts blood at any kind of reasonable cost," said Klein, who also serves on the FDA Blood Products Advisory Committee. Though familiar with the DARPA research, he was not involved in evaluating its products.
To mass produce blood in the lab, Frayne and her colleagues would need lots of expensive liquids to grow the cells and a battery of new equipment that complies with manufacturing standards -- all of which will cost money.
"To make big huge vats of it would be outside of our ability in a research lab," she said. "We'd have to have company interest."
A hospital in the US might pay hundreds to thousands of dollars to purchase and test a unit of donated blood, and it may charge far more to transfuse it to patients. Producing a pint of blood using her method, Frayne said, would likely be several times more expensive than buying bags from blood donors in the UK.
But Frayne is optimistic that costs will come down. She hopes that lab-grown cells will be shown to last longer, and therefore doctors might need to use less blood less frequently. That's because stem cells can be collected while they're young, Frayne said, while human blood has cells of all different ages. Many donated blood cells die not long after transfusion.
Collected blood expires, too. Currently, the Red Cross, which claims to provide 40% of the country's blood supply, stores red blood cells for up to 42 days.
That aside, Klein said that lowering the cost to $1,000 to $2,000 per unit of blood would make these cells worth the price for a small subset of patients who have rare blood types or need regular transfusions. For the typical hospital patient, however, it would probably not be very practical or cost-effective, he said.
But it is their willingness to invest money in the research, Klein said, that may have led to the British team's success where the US and other countries have faltered.
"They have put a great deal of financial muscle behind doing this on a national basis, which we simply haven't seen in the United States," he said, adding that perhaps there was an element of "healthy skepticism (in the US) that maybe it will never in our lifetime be practical."
"I don't share that skepticism," he said.
But what about the rogue red cell that slips through the filter with its cancer genes still intact? Lanza calls these cells "escapees."
"When you're dealing with such huge numbers of cells," said Lanza, "there may be a few of these cells that would slip in."
Frayne said that these cells are highly unlikely to cause any form of blood cancer. The cancer genes are only switched on by a certain antibiotic, and by the time the cells are collected, any remaining nuclei are no longer working. Before ablood transfusion, radiation can also be used to destroy any leftover DNA without affecting normal cells, she said.
Still, Frayne said, "These are all really good points to be raising, and they need to be looked at."
But none of these concerns have slowed a deluge of requests to use her cells, Frayne said, though perhaps not from whom you'd expect. It's not blood banks hoping to capitalize on a new, if untested, method. In fact, it's other researchers who, until now, have not had an unlimited way to study diseases like malaria, which infect red blood cells. "That's where all my requests are coming from," she said.
Klein, Lanza and Frayne all said lab-grown blood cells are not meant to replace blood donors. To fill a national blood service, or even a single hospital, will require another major leap in the research.
"They're not going to put the Red Cross out of business," said Lanza. "Volunteer blood donations are always going to be the first line of defense -- but with this technology, you have a safety net."
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Using stem cells to create an endless supply of blood - Tristatehomepage.com
Science Daily | New tools to study the origin of embryonic stem cells Science Daily Researchers at Karolinska Institutet have identified cell surface markers specific for the very earliest stem cells in the human embryo. These cells are thought to possess great potential for replacing damaged tissue but until now have been difficult ... Stem cell treatments can go wrong A tale of 2 states Scientists Use Stem Cells to Grow Brain and Muscle Cells Faster Than Ever |
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New tools to study the origin of embryonic stem cells - Science Daily
March 23, 2017 Immunofluorescence microscopy reveals the different protein profiles of immature stem cells (coloured pink) and mature stem cells (coloured green). Credit: Sarita Panula
Researchers at Karolinska Institutet have identified cell surface markers specific for the very earliest stem cells in the human embryo. These cells are thought to possess great potential for replacing damaged tissue but until now have been difficult to distinguish from classical embryonic stem cells. The study is published in the prestigious journal Cell Stem Cell.
During the first week of fertilisation, the embryo grows from a single cell into a blastocyst, a hollow cluster of a few hundred cells. The blastocyst then attaches itself to the wall of the uterus (implantation), and for a limited period from fertilisation to a few days after implantation the embryo contains pluripotent stem cells. These cells can develop into all the body's cell types and are therefore of considerable interest to the field of regenerative and reparative medicine.
A few years ago, it was discovered that there are two stages for human pluripotent stem cells, corresponding to the pre-implanted and post-implanted embryonic cells. Although the classical stem cells used in regenerative medicine are isolated from the pre-implanted embryo, they have adopted a mature stage that is most likely more similar to a post-implantation embryo. A new type of pluripotent cell that genuinely corresponds to the more immature, pre-implantation stage has been identified and can now be cultivated in the laboratory. These immature stem cells are of great scientific interest since they are believed to have the potential to build certain cell types that are difficult to obtain from the classical stem cells, and they may also be easier to cultivate and manipulate in the laboratory.
Fredrik Lanner's research team at Karolinska Institutet and their colleagues in Peter Rugg-Gunn's team at Cambridge's Babraham Institute in the UK have now developed a tool for separating the two stem cell states. They have screened combinations of antibodies that bind to specific proteins on the surface of the immature and mature stem cells and that can be used for flow cytometry, a common laboratory technique for sorting cells.
"We've not had cell surface markers for the different stem cell states before, which has made it hard to study them," says Fredrik Lanner, Assistant Professor at Karolinska Institutet's Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology. "We now have a simple tool for identifying and sorting the cells, which benefits future stem cell research and basic research on early embryonic development."
Mature embryonic stem cells cultivated in the laboratory can, under the right conditions, be backed up in their development to the more immature stem cell type. The researchers tested their technique on such cultivated stem cells of both a mature and immature type, and on donated human embryos left over from IVF treatments. As expected, only the immature stem cell type was identified in such pre-implanted embryos, which indicates that the antibodies are highly specific.
"It is at the point of implantation that the stem cells go through this change and 'mature', which is also a highly critical time for the embryo," says Dr Lanner. "These cells are therefore also of interest to infertility research."
Explore further: Vitamins and aminoacids regulate stem cell biology
More information: 'Comprehensive Cell Surface Protein Profiling Identifies Specific Markers of Human Naive and Primed Pluripotent States', Amanda J. Collier, Sarita P. Panula, John Paul Schell, Peter Chovanec, Alvaro Plaza Reyes, Sophie Petropoulos, Anne E. Corcoran, Rachael Walker, Iyadh Douagi, Fredrik Lanner, Peter J. Rugg-Gunn. Cell Stem Cell, online 23 March 2017, DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2017.02.014
An International Reserach Team coordinated by Igb-Cnr has discovered a key role of vitamins and amino acids in pluripotent stem cells. The research is published in Stem Cell Reports, and may provide new insights in cancer ...
Researchers at Karolinska Institutet and the Ludwig Cancer Research in Stockholm, Sweden have conducted a detailed molecular analysis of the embryo's first week of development. Their results show that there are considerable ...
A new method allows for large-scale generation of human embryonic stem cells of high clinical quality. It also allows for production of such cells without destroying any human embryos. The discovery is a big step forward ...
Researchers at the Babraham Institute have revealed a new understanding of the molecular switches that control gene activity in human embryonic stem cells. This insight provides new avenues for improving the efficiency of ...
Freiburg plant biologist Prof. Dr. Thomas Laux and his research group have published an article in the journal Developmental Cell presenting initial findings on how shoot stem cells in plants form during embryogenesis, the ...
Not too shabby, humans. New research shows that certain primate stem cells have pluripotency superior to some types derived from mice. The study, published in Nature, maps how pluripotency differs among mice, monkeys, and ...
When the mighty orca breaks to the surface and exhales, the whale sprays an array of bacteria and fungi in its his breath, scientists said, some good, and some bad such as salmonella.
Researchers at Lancaster University have found a way to detect subtle early warning signs that reveal a frog population is at risk from pollution.
Australian National University biologists have found the first evidence of mass extinction of Australian animals caused by a dramatic drop in global temperatures 35 million years ago.
A group of scientists in Israel and Germany, led by Prof. Sebastian Kadener from the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, have discovered a protein-encoding function for circular RNA. This kind of RNA molecule is highly active ...
A team spanning Baylor College of Medicine, Rice University, Texas Children's Hospital and the Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard has developed a new way to sequence genomes, which can assemble the genome of an organism, ...
(Phys.org)A team of researchers affiliated with several institutions in Hong Kong and mainland China has isolated a change in a single nucleotide that is responsible for allowing the H7N9 flu virus to replicate in both ...
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New tools to study the origin of embryonic stem cells - Phys.Org
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WINSTON-SALEM, N.C. -- For several decades, stem cells have been touted as what will take health care into an entirely new realm that will create healing that, for our parents and grandparents, would seem like miracles.
But working in that industry for much of that time has taught Todd McAllister an important lesson.
All stem cells are not the same, says McAllister, who has a Ph.D. in biomedical engineering. The earlier that you typically catch them in the developmental timeline, the more proliferative and the more broadly they differentiate.
What that means is that some stem cells that are more mature can do be used to do more things. That is why there has been so much interest in embryonic stem cells but they come with a lot of controversy, because many people see embryos as human.
So we thought, well maybe - just maybe - we could get a stem cell from the placenta which is a discard tissue, that is the afterbirth, really, after the baby is born you have the afterbirth which is the placenta which is currently being discarded, says Dr. Anthony Atala, who is the director of the Wake Forest Institute of Regenerative Medicine and has used stem cells to grow entire human organs. We were looking for a cell that would have the power of a stem cell, but without the ethical issues.
The public certainly has an appetite for stem cell therapies, according to McAllister.
Stem cell tourism, today, is a multi-billion dollar industry, he says. Folks that are desperate for a cure that the existing medical therapies can't address, they travel to Costa Rica or Bangkok or India to get a treatment with really no understanding of what the risks and the benefits are.
A safe version of that may be coming to fruition with the work of the Amnion Foundation and the best news may be, you dont have to be a tourist to take advantage of them.
To have it here in Winston-Salem, in North Carolina makes it even better, notes Dr. Atala.
See the latest on this process, in this edition of the Buckley Report.
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Local foundation sees huge health care breakthrough - myfox8.com