The Hidden Cost of a Quick Injury Fix – Outside

A few weeks ago, I had the chance to meet the two dozen or so sports medicine doctors who take care of the Netherlands Olympic team. With Tokyo 2020 looming on the horizon, theyd gathered at National Sports Centre Papendal, a sprawling, forested athletic mega-campus on the outskirts of the city ofArnhem, for two days of meetings, discussions, and debates. One of the topics was how to weigh imperfect scientific evidence when youre dealing with elite athletes, for whom even a tiny edge might be the difference between glory and obliviona topic I wrestled with in a recent in-depth articleabout the performance-boosting effects of electric brain stimulation.

At dinner after the first days discussions, I happened to be seated across from an Amsterdam-based doctor named Guus Reurink. His doctoral thesis was on hamstring injuries, including a 2014 randomized trial published in the New England Journal of Medicine that found no benefit to platelet-rich plasma injections, better known as PRP. That got my attention, because about a decade ago PRP was the hottest thing in sports medicine, touted to speedthe healing of tendons, joints, muscles, and pretty much any other body part you can think of. But you dont hear as much about it these days. What, I asked Reurink, was its current status?

It turns out to be complicated. PRP, in a nutshell, involves withdrawing some blood, spinning it in a centrifuge to separate out the platelets that are thought to play a key role in instigating healing, then reinjecting the good stuff at an injury site. As Reurinks work showed, it doesnt seem to work for hamstring injuries. Neither does it seem to work for Achilles tendons, muscle injuries more generally, bone fractures, or ACL repairs, according to a reviewlast year. On the other hand, it seems to work for tennis elbow and knee osteoarthritis, and may work for patellar tendinopathy and plantar fasciitis.

In other words, its a mess. Given that it supposedly works for some tendons but not others, and some joints but others, its easy to see why, when an injured elite athlete comes in desperately looking to get healthy as quickly as possible, you might say, Well, lets give PRP a shot. It might help, and cant hurt. Its precisely the same logic that leads some athletes to wire themselves up for electric brain stimulation.

But Reurink was more hesitant about the therapythan I expected. Some of the best evidence for injury healing, he pointed out, backs the use of progressive exercise programs. Even in situations where PRP appears to work, like knee osteoarthritis, its benefits are fairly similar to what youd expect to see from a leg strengthening program. Patients, of course, prefer the quick fix. Its much more satisfying to walk out of the doctors office with an appointment for an injection than with instructions to spend several months at home doing seemingly pointless exercises. And its much easierand more lucrativefor doctors to promise an injection than to spend an hour explaining why an injection isnt needed.

It may be a bad trade-off, though. Reurink directed me to a study published in the American Journal of Sports Medicinein 2017 that compared PRP, exercise, and the combination of both for muscle injuries in rats. There are obvious downsides to rat studies, but the advantage is that you can induce pretty much identical injuries, and then you can directly analyze the muscle tissue to determine how well it healed and why. Also, rats dont slack off of their exercise program just because they got an injection.

The study, from researchers at Vall dHebron Institut de Recerca in Spain, assigned 40 rats to one of five different groups: a single PRP injection; daily exercise training for two weeks; both PRP and exercise; an injection of saline as a placebo; or no treatment at all. The good news: both PRP and exercise accelerated recovery and improved other markers of healing compared to doing nothing at all or getting a placebo. But the most interesting finding was what happened to the group that got both exercise and PRP.

Heres the muscle strength of the injured legscompared to thehealthy onesafter two weeks of recovery, asmeasured by electrically stimulating the muscles. A value of 100 percent would mean that the injured muscle had fully recovered and was just as strong as the uninjured muscle.

(Photo: American Journal of Sports Medicine)

Again, PRP is better than nothing, and also better than the placebo injection of saline. Exercise is even better than PRP. If you get both PRP and exercise? Its not as good as exercise alone. Somehow, getting the PRP injection interferes with the benefits of active recovery.

Other data suggests that this finding isnt just a fluke. In pretty much all the outcome measures, PRP is good, exercise is better, and doing both is somewhere in the middle.In the first graph below, for example, is the average cross-sectional area (in millimeters) of newly formed individual muscle fibers in the injured muscle. Bigger is better. In the second graph, you have a measure of the amount of scar tissue in the injured muscle, expressed as a percentage of the muscles total cross-sectional area. In this case, smaller is better.

(Photo: American Journal of Sports Medicine)

(Photo: American Journal of Sports Medicine)

These findings, the researchers suggest, may help explain why studies of PRP have produced such mixed results: it depends not only on what youre comparing PRP to, but also on what else the injured subjects are doing. If theyre doing nothing, PRP looks great. But if theyre also doing a fairly standard rehabilitation protocol that includes exercise, PRP may actually interfere with its benefits.

Of course, I should emphasize again that rats injuries and human injuries may differ in some unexpected way. Perhaps these results dont apply directly to humans. But I think they illustrate a more general point that applies not just to PRP, but also to other cutting-edge therapies and technologies, including brain stimulation: nothing takes place in a vacuum. Adding one element to your routine, be it ice bathsor ketonesor all-out sprints, will interact with other parts of your regimen, and not always for the better. And even if theres no direct interaction, the time, energy, and money you choose to spend in any one area comes with opportunity costs in other areas. That doesnt mean you should never try anything new. It just means you should understand that theres always a cost.

My new book, Endure: Mind, Body, and the Curiously Elastic Limits of Human Performance, with a foreword by Malcolm Gladwell, is now available. For more, join me on Twitterand Facebook, and sign up for the Sweat Science email newsletter.

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The Hidden Cost of a Quick Injury Fix - Outside

10 ways of treating female hair loss – Medical News Today

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Female hair loss can happen for a variety of reasons, such as genetics, changing hormone levels, or as part of the natural aging process.

There are various treatment options for female hair loss, including topical medications, such as Rogaine. Other options include light therapy, hormone therapy, or in some cases, hair transplants.

Eating a nutritious diet and maintaining a healthy lifestyle can also help keep hair healthy.

The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approves Minoxidil to treat hair loss. Sold under the name Rogaine, as well as other generic brands, people can purchase topical Minoxidil over-the-counter (OTC). Minoxidil is safe for both males and females, and people report a high satisfaction rate after using it.

Minoxidil stimulates growth in the hairs and may increase their growth cycle. It can cause hairs to thicken and reduce the appearance of patchiness or a widening hair parting.

Minoxidil treatments are available in two concentrations: the 2% solution requires twice daily application for the best results, while the 5% solution or foam requires daily use.

While the instinct may be to choose the stronger solution, this is not necessary. Studies posted to the International Journal of Women's Dermatology and the Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology found that 2% minoxidil was effective for females with androgenetic alopecia, or pattern baldness.

If a person finds success with minoxidil, they should continue using it indefinitely. When a person stops using minoxidil, the hairs that depended on the drug to grow will likely fall out within 6 months.

Side effects from minoxidil are uncommon and generally mild. Some females may experience irritation or an allergic reaction to ingredients in the product, such as alcohol or propylene glycol. Switching formulas or trying different brands may alleviate symptoms.

Some females may also experience increased hair loss at first when using minoxidil. This typically stops after the first few months of treatment as the hair gets stronger.

Additionally, misapplying minoxidil or applying it to the forehead or too much of the neck may cause hair growth in these areas. Only apply minoxidil to the scalp to avoid these side effects.

Minoxidil is available to purchase in stores and online.

Low-level light therapy may not be sufficient treatment for hair loss on its own, but it may act to amplify the effects of other hair loss treatments, such as minoxidil.

A trial posted to the Indian Journal of Dermatology, Venereology, and Leprology found that compared to control groups, adding low light therapy to regular 5% minoxidil treatment for androgenetic alopecia helped improve the recovery of the hairs and the participants' overall satisfaction with their treatment.

Researchers will need to carry out further research to help strengthen these results.

The drug ketoconazole may help treat hair loss in some cases, such as androgenetic alopecia, where inflammation of the hair follicles often contributes to hair loss.

One review posted to the International Journal of Women's Dermatology noted that topical ketoconazole might help reduce inflammation and improve the strength and look of the hair.

Ketoconazole is available as a shampoo. Nizoral is the best known brand and is available for purchase over the counter and online. Nizoral contains a low concentration of ketoconazole, but stronger concentrations will require a prescription from a doctor.

Some females may also respond to corticosteroid injections. Doctors use this treatment only when necessary, for conditions such as alopecia areata. Alopecia areata results in a person's hair falling out in random patches.

According to the National Alopecia Areata Foundation, injecting corticosteroids directly into the hairless patch may encourage new hair growth. However, this not may prevent other hair from falling out. Topical corticosteroids, which are available as creams, lotions, and other preparations, may also reduce hair loss.

Early evidence suggests that injections of platelet-rich plasma may also help reduce hair loss. A plasma-rich injection involves a doctor drawing the person's blood, separating the platelet-rich plasma from the blood, and injecting it back into the scalp at the affected areas. This helps speed up tissue repair.

A recent review posted to Aesthetic Plastic Surgery noted that most studies suggest that this therapy reduces hair loss, increases hair density, and increases the diameter of each hair.

However, because most studies up until now have been very small, the review calls for more research using platelet-rich plasma for androgenic alopecia.

If hormone imbalances due to menopause, for example, cause hair loss, doctors may recommend some form of hormone therapy to correct them.

Some possible treatments include birth control pills and hormone replacement therapy for either estrogen or progesterone.

Other possibilities include antiandrogen medications, such as spironolactone. Androgens are hormones that can speed up hair loss in some women, particularly those with polycystic ovary syndrome, who typically produce more androgens.

Antiandrogens can stop the production of androgens and prevent hair loss. These medications may cause side effects, so always talk to the doctor about what to expect and whether antiandrogens are suitable.

In some cases where the person does not respond well to treatments, doctors may recommend hair transplantation. This involves taking small pieces of the scalp and adding them to the areas of baldness to increase the hair in the area naturally. Hair transplant therapy can be more costly than other treatments and is not suitable for everybody.

Some minor hair loss may happen due to clogged pores on the scalp. Using medicated shampoos designed to clear the pores from dead skin cells may help promote healthy hair. This may help clear minor signs of hair loss.

Massaging the scalp may increase circulation in the area and help clean away dandruff. This helps keep the scalp and hair follicles healthy.

The most common cause of hair loss in females is androgenetic alopecia, which has strong links to genetics and can run in families.

According to the International Journal of Women's Dermatology, hair loss from androgenetic alopecia may start at a young age. Some females may begin losing their hair in their late teens or early twenties, though most females may not begin to lose their hair until their 40s or older.

Both males and females can develop androgenetic alopecia, but they experience it in different ways. Males tend to experience a receding hairline or bald spot on top of their head, while females tend to present different symptoms.

In females, the parting at the center of the hair often becomes more defined or wider. Females may also experience thinning hairs, and hair may appear more thin or patchy overall.

These symptoms are due to a thinning of each hair strand. The hairs also have a shorter life cycle, and hairs only stay on the head for a shorter period.

Female pattern hair loss is a progressive condition. Females may only notice a slightly wider parting in their hair at first, but as symptoms progress, this can become more noticeable.

Other forms of alopecia, such as alopecia areata, may cause one or more patches of complete baldness.

Other factors may play a role in hair loss, such as inflammatory conditions that affect the scalp and hormone imbalances. Doctors may want to investigate these possible causes if the person does not respond to typical treatments.

While losing hair at a young age may be concerning, hair loss is a reality for many people as they age. One study posted to the Indian Journal of Dermatology, Venereology, and Leprology noted that up to 75% of females would experience hair loss from androgenetic alopecia by the time they are 65 years old.

While many females look for ways to treat hair loss while they are young, at some point, most people accept hair loss as a natural part of the aging process.

Some people may choose to wear head garments or wigs as a workaround to hair loss. Others work with their aging hair by wearing a shorter haircut that may make thin hair less apparent.

Hair loss can affect both males and females. Hair loss in females may have a range of causes, though the most common is androgenetic alopecia.

There are a variety of treatments for hair loss for females, including OTC hair loss treatments, which are generally effective. Anyone experiencing hair loss should visit their doctor who can diagnose any underlying factors.

If a doctor suspects there is another underlying cause or the person does not respond well to OTC treatments, they will look into other treatment options.

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Global Joint Pain Injections Market Industry Analysis, Recent Trends, Size, Demand, Overview and Forecast 2019 to 2028 – Industry Planning

Global Joint Pain Injections Market 2019-2028 report is an in-depth study of Joint Pain Injections industry Size, Share, Trends and Analysis. It gets to the details of the competitive industry structure over the globe. The worldwide Joint Pain Injections market report study, composed of competent standardized instruments such as S.W.O.T Analysis, offers a comprehensive assessment of the worldwide Joint Pain Injections market. The study also covers the main players Allergan Plc., Pfizer Inc, Sanofi, Anika Therapeutics Inc, Ferring B.V., Bioventus LLC, Flexion Therapeutics Inc, Zimmer Biomet Holdings Inc, Seikagaku Corporation, Chugai Pharmaceutical Co Ltd who leads the worldwide Joint Pain Injections market. [Sample PDF Download Link]

Joint Pain Injections Market research report offers a full percentage estimate of the CAGR of the period in question that will guide consumers to make choices based on the graph.

The experts have calculated the size of the global Joint Pain Injections market on the basis of 2 major aspects: 1) Income and 2) Production Volume. The subtle analysis of the key chunks of the Joint Pain Injections market and their geographical diversification all the world has also been carried out. Numerous properties of global Joint Pain Injections market like upcoming aspects and growth factors related to every segment of the report have been put up thoroughly.

For Better Understanding, Download Free Sample PDF Brochure of Joint Pain Injections Market Research Report @https://marketresearch.biz/report/joint-pain-injections-market/request-sample

The Joint Pain Injections Market report addresses various regions such as North America, Europe, Asia-Pacific, Middle East, and Africa and Latin America. The production value, gross margin analysis, development trend, and Joint Pain Injections market status are explained. The industrial chain study details the potential purchasers, distributors, and traders. Development and market challenges are described. The study of market maturity, the scope of investment and gross margin are studied. Production process structure, market share, manufacturing cost and Joint Pain Injections saturation analysis are covered. This will help the interested people of the industry to analyze the feasibility of development and development plans.

Joint Pain Injections MarketAnalyzed by Segments:

Segmentation by Injection type:

Corticosteroid InjectionsHyaluronic Acid InjectionsOthers (include, Platelet-rich plasma (PRP), Placental tissue matrix (PTM), etc.)Segmentation by joint type:

Knee & AnkleHip JointShoulder & ElbowFacet Joints of the SpineOthers (include, Ball and socket, etc.)Segmentation by end-user:

Hospital PharmaciesRetail PharmaciesOnline Pharmacies

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Key Questions Answered:

1. What is the total Joint Pain Injections market size in 2019 and what would be the expected size in 2028?

2. What will the market growth rate of the Aquaponics market in 2028?

3. What is the key factor motivating the global Joint Pain Injections market?

4. What are the Joint Pain Injections market opportunities for the existing and entry-level players?

5. What are the recent developments and business strategies of the key players?

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Global Joint Pain Injections Market Industry Analysis, Recent Trends, Size, Demand, Overview and Forecast 2019 to 2028 - Industry Planning

Real Housewives Of New Jersey Star Jennifer Aydin Got A Tummy Tuck – Reality Tea

Season 10 of Real Housewives of New Jersey is off to a strong start, and I love it. Of course, there is lots of drama.In May, during RHONJ filming, Jennifer Aydin and Melissa Gorga had a huge fight at a restaurant in the Hamptons. They are supposedly still not speaking.

There is also tension simmering between co-starsMargaret Josephs and Jennifer from last season. Jennifer dislikes the fact that Margaret met her current husband, Joe Benigno, while she was still married to Jan Josephs. Why is that Jennifers business?

But thats not all that Jennifer has been doing. She has been reaping the benefits of her husband, Bill Aydins, plastic surgery talents. Jennifer took to Instagram to share some news about her decision to go under the knife. (Warning: some of the grammar is a bit rough in the post.)

Ive decided to let you guys in on a personal decision that Ive been contemplating with ever since I had my fifth child. A tummy tuck. It wasnt an easy decision. To be honest, I was scared, scared to bite the bullet and actually do what I said I was going to do all these years. You know how sometimes we just talk shit, Jennifer wrote.

Jennifer continued, But for me, especially now, since Ive lost so much weight, I have a lot of excess loose skin that can only be removed with surgery. You may wonder how I can have my husband, someone so personal to me, do this invasive procedure. Its not about the cost. Thank God, I have the blessings to go to any doctor I want, Jennifer stated. Even her own husband.

And Ive talked about this with him thoroughly, and do you know what he tells me? No one will ever look after you, take the meticulous time necessary, and go above and beyond for you the way I will And hes right. Not only Am I smitten, but I was sold. He is the only one I want to do this for me. I will keep you posted on my recovery and feel free to ask as many questions as you want. I will try to answer through all my grogginess @aydinplasticsurgery #tummytuck #rhonj #plasticmakesperfect.

Jennifer also had another procedure done by her husband. Jennifers super-tight ponytails and her hair extensions led to hair loss. According to Bravos Lookbook, Jennifer discussed what happened to her hair in an Instagram story post. I dont know man, those extensions on my hair last season were brutal. And I took them out this summer and my hairs actually getting back to the thickness that it was, which is great but I need a little extra help, she said.

Jennifer decided to get PRP injections, which is also known as platelet-rich plasma therapy. The patients own platelets help to speed up the healing process in the area that is effected. Getting my blood drawn. Doing a PRP today, folks. Ive been noticing some hair loss and thinning hair, Jennifer explained in her video. Were going to spin it and turn it into plasma and then theyre going to insert the plasma back into my hairline. Yikes! She also got some botox and fillers. Heyat least the RHONJ cast owns up to their cosmetic procedures.

TELL US- DOES JENNIFER NEED ALL THESE PROCEDURES?

[Photo Credit: Bravo]

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Real Housewives Of New Jersey Star Jennifer Aydin Got A Tummy Tuck - Reality Tea

Comprehensive Research on Joint Pain Injections Market Report Offers Consumption, Production, CAGR, Market Size, Profit Margin And Revenue By 2028 -…

The report titled as a globalJoint Pain Injections Market Research Report: has recently added by MarketResearch.biz to get a stronger and effective business outlook. It provides a comprehensive analysis of different attributes of industries such as size, threats, growth ratio, opportunities, policies, and clients operating in several regions. The qualitative and quantitative analysis techniques have been used by analysts to provide accurate and applicable data to the business owners, readers, and industry experts. The industry profiles discussed in the Joint Pain Injections report further identifies market profit, segmentation, and rival landscape and offers forecast data on industry performance and trends for the period 2019 to 2028. The detailed report offers analyses about a particular market situation within a geographic region.

The Joint Pain Injections Market focuses on the regional markets of Europe, Asia-Pacific, North America, Middle East & Africa, and Latin America. Also, the major details such as product types manufactured, production values, gross margins, production capacities, global share, company contact information, manufacturing processes, cost structures, etc. are included. A number of analytical tools, such as Porters Five forces Analysis and SWOT Analysis, have been used to provide an accurate understanding of this market.

For Better Understanding Go With This Free Sample Report Enabled With Respective Tables and Figures:Download PDF

The scope of the Joint Pain Injections Market Report ranges from market eventualities to comparative ratings between the major players, prices, and income of the relevant market regions. It offers a holistic view of the strategic dynamics of the industry. Some of the top players involved in the market are profiled completely in a systematic manner.

Some of the key players are: Allergan Plc., Pfizer Inc, Sanofi, Anika Therapeutics Inc, Ferring B.V., Bioventus LLC, Flexion Therapeutics Inc, Zimmer Biomet Holdings Inc, Seikagaku Corporation, Chugai Pharmaceutical Co Ltd

Quantitative information includes Joint Pain Injections Market estimates & forecast for an upcoming year, at the global level, split across the key segments covered under the scope of the study, and the major regions and countries. Sales revenue and year-on-year growth analysis, consumption estimates, price estimation, and trend analysis, etc. will be a part of quantitative information for the mentioned segments and regions/countries. Qualitative information will discuss the key factors driving the restraining the growth of the market.

Joint Pain Injections Market has been segmented as:

Segmentation by Injection type:

Corticosteroid InjectionsHyaluronic Acid InjectionsOthers (include, Platelet-rich plasma (PRP), Placental tissue matrix (PTM), etc.)Segmentation by joint type:

Knee & AnkleHip JointShoulder & ElbowFacet Joints of the SpineOthers (include, Ball and socket, etc.)Segmentation by end-user:

Hospital PharmaciesRetail PharmaciesOnline Pharmacies

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Key questions answered in the report

What will be the size of the market in terms of value and volume in the next 10 years?

Which segment is currently lead the market?

In which region will the market have the highest growth rate?

Which players will take the lead in the market?

What are the key drivers and restraints of the markets growth?

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Global Joint Pain Injections Market In-depth Outlook || Growing Popularity And Emerging Trends In The Industry – True Version

Joint Pain Injections Market Research: A combination of both Qualitative and Quantitative Research which helps out market players to improve their business plans and ensure long-term success

The latest report published by MarketResearch.Biz with the title GlobalJoint Pain Injections Market2019-2028 provides a sorted image of the Joint Pain Injections industry by analysis of research and information collected from various sources. That has the ability to help the decision-makers in the worldwide market and to play a significant role in making a gradual impact on the global economy. The report presents and offers a dynamic vision of the global scenario in terms of market size, market statistics, and the competitive situation.

Brief Overview OfJoint Pain InjectionsMarket Comprehensive Research Report Offering:

At present, the Joint Pain Injections market is possessing its presence over the globe. The Research report presents a complete judgment of the market which consists of future trends, growth factors, production volume, CAGR value, profit margin, price, and industry-validated market data. This report helps the individuals and the market competitors to predict future profitability and to make critical decisions for business growth.

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The report on Joint Pain Injections market gives the complete picture of demands and opportunities for the future that are beneficial for individuals and stakeholders in the market. This report determines the market value and the growth rate based on the key market dynamics as well as the growth of improving factors. The complete research is based on the recent industry news, market trends and growth probability. It also consists of a deep analysis of the market and competing scenarios along with the SWOT analysis of the well-known competitors.

The list of top key players operating in the Joint Pain Injections Industry includes:

Allergan Plc., Pfizer Inc, Sanofi, Anika Therapeutics Inc, Ferring B.V., Bioventus LLC, Flexion Therapeutics Inc, Zimmer Biomet Holdings Inc, Seikagaku Corporation, Chugai Pharmaceutical Co Ltd

These major key players have implemented multiple strategies such as possession, business development, and collaboration to achieve a leading position in the global market.

Joint Pain Injections Market Segmentation:

Segmentation by Injection type:

Corticosteroid InjectionsHyaluronic Acid InjectionsOthers (include, Platelet-rich plasma (PRP), Placental tissue matrix (PTM), etc.)Segmentation by joint type:

Knee & AnkleHip JointShoulder & ElbowFacet Joints of the SpineOthers (include, Ball and socket, etc.)Segmentation by end-user:

Hospital PharmaciesRetail PharmaciesOnline Pharmacies

The report focuses on market size and shares at the global level, company level, and regional level. The main regions analyzed in this report include North America, Europe, Asia Pacific, Latin America and the Middle East and Africa. These regions are playing a vital role in building the market structure by continuously concentrating on R & D activities and new progressions to obtain market share.

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1. The report provides detailed information about the significant factors increasing the growth of the market like Future growth, opportunities, challenges, and risks.

2. It helps to analyze the Joint Pain Injections with respect to individual growth trends, recent advancements, and future prospects.

3. It provides a 10-years forecast examined on the basis of how the market is predicted to grow over the globe.

4. It helps to understand the market by key players, segments (injection type, joint type, end-user, and region) and their future.

5. The report includes an analysis of the industrial chain, current market fluctuations, and analysis of customers.

6. It provides significant profiling of top competitors in the market and a comprehensive analysis of core competencies.

7. This report will help to plan Business Strategies by understanding the opportunities shaping and driving Joint Pain Injections market.

8. The report includes Geographical distribution, segments of the overall industry, development designs and various financial systems.

Share Your Questions Here For More Details On this Report or Customizations As Per Your Need:https://marketresearch.biz/report/joint-pain-injections-market/#request-for-customization

Finally, the report Joint Pain Injections Market 2019 provides an industry development plan, the industry information source, research findings, and the conclusion. The report offers precise clarification of the market by highlighting the market manufacturing procedure, competitors, and business improvement designs. All these details will reassure clients for future plans and actions intended to compete with other players in the market.

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A primer: stem cell and regenerative medicine as ‘the’ emerging therapy – Chiropractic Economics

No longer just for professional athletes, these are the stem cell and regenerative medicine options DCs need to know about

The health care landscape continues to evolve at a dizzying pace. Insurance deductibles are increasing, and this has placed a financial burden on patients who are required to self-pay for necessary and yet uncovered services.

The opioid crisis has left physicians with limited clinical options to treat chronic pain and dysfunction. At the same time, pressure has been placed on health care providers to provide affordable alternatives to invasive procedures that provide limited clinical options with high failure rates. This confluence of supply and demand has resulted in the growth of emerging therapies in the field of stem cell and regenerative medicine. These therapies are bringing hope to patients and new opportunities to health care providers who deliver them.

Regenerative medicine is the process of replacing or regenerating cells and tissues to restore normal function. Initially popularized by professional athletes, these therapies have become mainstream. More than 27 million Americans suffer from osteoarthritis today, and in 2030 25% of U.S. adults will be diagnosed with osteoarthritis. The global regenerative medicine market is predicted to reach more than $100 billion by 2022.

These moderately-invasive regenerative procedures are eclipsing traditional highly-invasive procedures, such as hip and knee implantation, which will have a global market of $35 million over the same period.

There are four primary regenerative medicine options:

Irritant therapies include prolotherapy, ozone and prolozone. Theyincludeadding multipleirritatingsubstances along with numbing agents into degenerated or injured joints, and areas of pain.

These therapies cause inflammation to kick-start regeneration by stimulating the body to send in macrophages, which are cells that ingest and destroy theirritantsolution and trigger the healing response. Irritant therapies are an excellenttreatmentfor all forms of musculoskeletal and joint pain includingchronic neck and back pain, and rotator cuff injuries.

The effect of irritant therapies is analogous to jump-starting the battery in a tractor to get the engine to turn over.

Protease inhibition therapy eliminates the factors causing cartilage degradation, tissue breakdown, inflammation and pain. It cleans and protects joints. It is most commonly used for patients with osteoarthritis (OA) and degenerative disc disease (DDD).

It includes therapies such as alpha-2-macroglobulin (A2M) and interleukin-1 receptor antagonist protein (IRAP). A2M and IRAP are proteins found naturally in our blood. They act as protease inhibitors by binding to and inactivating damaging proteases in the body. Proteases are catabolic enzymes that break larger molecules into smaller units. Proteases trapped in the joints catabolize cartilage and break it down, causing arthritis. A2M is a large protein made in the liver. It blocks activity for all known molecules that cause cartilage breakdown. It works like a Venus flytrap by having a bait-and-trap mechanism on two sides.

Once the proteases are bound on both sides, the molecule initiates a suicide cascade and dies, allowing it to be flushed out of the area by the body.

The binding effect of protease inhibition therapy is analogous to de-weeding a garden and tilling the soil before planting.

A fibronectin-aggrecan complex test (FACT) may be used to determine the presence of FAC, which is a biomarker or indicator of cartilage breakdown caused by proteases. FAC is a unique molecular complex that is specific for painful inflammation of the spine and cartilage.

A small sample of fluid is taken from the joint or disc and sent to a lab for testing. The test looks for the presence of FAC in the fluid sample and determines where you are: FAC+ or FAC-. FAC+ patients are identified as ideal candidates for A2M injections and have a 90% rate of responding to the A2M therapy.

Stem cell therapy is focused on concentrating the workhorses of regeneration and restoration of tissues: stem cells. This results in greater cell signaling and cell recruitment than other regenerative therapies. Stem cells are known as mesenchymal signaling cells. They are considered pluripotent, which means they are undifferentiated and can replicate into various cell and tissue types.

Stem cells are found in bone marrow, the soft spongy tissue found at the center of large bones. Introducing stem cells into an injured area initiates the healing response, repairing damaged tissue by growing new, healthy tissue. The most common stem cell therapies include bone marrow aspirate concentrate (BMA), nanofat and stromal vascular fraction.

Injecting stem cells into an injured area is analogous to planting seeds in a garden.

Growth factor therapies are focused on cell signaling and cell recruitment. Blood is made up of white blood cells, red blood cells, and platelets that are suspended in plasma. Platelets are most widely known for their ability to clot blood. Platelets are also highly rich in growth factors that are proteins that stimulate healing. When an injury occurs, platelets become activated, migrate to the site of injury and release growth factors.

Growth factor therapies are the most popular provider choice for the low-cost regeneration of tissues and include platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and platelet-rich fibrin matrix (PRFM). The therapy includes drawing the patients blood followed by centrifugation to concentrate the platelets and exclude other unwanted blood products.

Another type of growth factor therapy is amniotic fluid growth factor (GF) injection therapy. Amniotic fluid surrounds the fetus during pregnancy and provides protection and nourishment. Human amniotic fluid is sourced from consenting mothers during full-term C-sections. It contains over 200 growth factors, cytokines and proteins. The therapeutic use of amniotic fluid is regulated by the FDA. It must be tested for disease and may not include any viable cells. Amniotic fluid GF therapy has both anti-inflammatory and anti-microbial properties and includes naturally-occurring hyaluronic acid for lubrication. It is most commonly used to promote the repair and reconstruction of soft tissues including cartilage and tendons.

Exosomes are being heralded as the next frontier of growth factor therapies. While they are not cells, exosomes play a vital role in the communication and rejuvenation of all the cells in the body. Exosomes are extracellular vesicles, or small bubbles, released from cells, especially from stem cells. These culture-expanded cell secretions are derived from human placental tissue. They allow for cell-to-cell communication, transporting molecules that are important regulators of intracellular information. Exosomes act as a food source for stem cells and prolong their activity. Exosomes are anti-inflammatory and include more than 300 growth factors, cytokines and proteins.

Patients with Lyme disease, burns, chronic inflammation, autoimmune disease and other chronic degenerative diseases may benefit from including exosomes in their treatment regimen. The application of growth factor therapies is analogous to applying fertilizer to a garden to help the crop grow and flourish.

Moving stem cell and regenerative medicine forward in the treatment algorithm may eliminate the need for other ineffective or potentially harmful therapies. These therapies provide new hope for patients whose only alternatives have been long-term medication, steroid injections, and costly and time-consuming surgery and rehab.

Stem cell and regenerative medicine therapies may only be provided by licensed medical professionals following all appropriate rules and regulations. An understanding of these emerging therapies and the benefits they may provide is essential as the collaboration between doctors of medicine and chiropractic increases and we join forces to combat chronic pain, dysfunction and disease.

MARK SANNA, DC, ACRB LEVEL II, FICC, is a member of the Chiropractic Summit and a board member of the Foundation for Chiropractic Progress. He is the president and CEO of BreakthroughCoaching, and can be reached at mybreakthrough.com or800-723-8423.

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A primer: stem cell and regenerative medicine as 'the' emerging therapy - Chiropractic Economics

Market Growth : Medical Aesthetic Devices Technologies and Global Market To 2022 – Downey Magazine

Recent research and the current scenario as well as future market potential of Medical Aesthetic Devices: Technologies and Global Markets.

The global market for medical aesthetic devices reached $13.5 billion in 2017 and is expected to reach nearly $25.1 billion by 2022 with a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 13.1% for the period of 2017-2022.

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Aesthetic medicine comprises all medical procedures that are aimed at improving the physical appearance and satisfaction of the patient, using non-invasive to minimally invasive cosmetic procedures. The aesthetic medicine specialty is not confined to dermatologists and plastic surgeons, as doctors of all specialties seek to offer services to address their patients aesthetic needs and desires. All aesthetic medicine procedures are performed under locoregional anesthesia.

The exciting field of aesthetic medicine is a new trend. Patients not only want to be in good health, they also want to enjoy life to the fullest, be fit and minimize the effects of natural aging. Indeed, patients are now requesting quick, non-invasive procedures with minor downtime and very little risk.

This recent trend explains the current success of aesthetic medicine around the globe. These aesthetic procedures consist of: Injections of neurotoxins and dermal fillers. Chemical peels. Cosmetic dermatology treatments. Microdermabrasion. Body contouring and treatment of cellulite. Nutrition. Hair transplant. Hair reduction. Fat grafting/platelet rich plasma. Laser and IPL. Scar management. Venous treatment.

Initially, concerning simple skin care and facial treatment, aesthetic medicine borrowed extensively from mainstream medicine. Fat grafts in orthopedics found new life as compatible long-term fillers to flesh out wrinkles in aging faces. Chemical peels removed dead skin cells, freeing up fresh ones to glow and grow. Botulinum, an R&D success, became a popular injection for removing wrinkles and creases.

Today, effective aesthetic medicine-as a minimally invasive practice-is based on doctors having skilled hands, whereby they leverage reliable, cutting-edge medical technology, such as laser technology, chemical peels, fillers and injectables of natural or bio-ingredients. It spans surface treatments through chemical peels and lasers to minimally invasive procedures, such as thread-lifts, botulinum type A injections, derma fillers, fat grafts and hair transplants.

Aesthetic medicine bridges the gap between beauty and health. It is important because beauty is not just skin deep. Beauty includes the need to feel good in ones own skin, thereby nurturing a psychophysical balance. We cannot ignore the importance of aesthetics from a psycho-sociological point of view, especially when todays society so highly covets attractive appearances. So, consumer patients are seeking aesthetic doctors to improve their appearance, and thus their self-confidence for social and/or professional reasons.

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Report Includes

36 tablesAn overview of the global markets and technologies for medical aesthetic devicesAnalyses of global market trends, with data from 2016 and 2017, and projections of compound annual growth rates (CAGRs) through 2022Discussion of the properties and characteristics of human skin, hair, and breastsDescription of medical devices, including botulinum neuromodulators, breast augmentation devices, and injectable dermal fillersCoverage of devices for assisted liposuction using ultrasound, light, or waterInsight into the regulatory environment for medical devices and drugs in the U.S. and EuropeComprehensive company profiles of major players in the market, including Allergan PLC, Cutera, Inc, El. En. Group, Hologic, Inc, Implatech Implant Teknolojileri and Johnson and Johnson

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Vampire facials and other medical witchcraft you can buy to stay youthful today – Citizen

You can maintain your youthful appearance and be less likely to have more invasive procedures later on in life if you put it effort to maintain the appearance. The same with skincare, if you put more effort now, with daily sunscreen, look after the skin and rejuvenate the skin, the likelihood of you having wrinkly sun-damaged skin later on is obviously much less.

This is the view of Dr Alexandra Grubnik, a plastic and reconstructive surgeon from Nip Tuck at the Netcare Milpark Hospital and Netcare Rosebank Hospital.

While surgical facial procedures are still being requested by South Africans, Dr Grubnik says there has been a rise in non-surgical procedures, with botox being one of the commonest procedures.

All the non-surgical procedures are done in rooms and theres absolutely no downtime. This is why theyre gaining popularity worldwide. There are people who say that in 20 years we will be doing no surgical operations.

A botox procedure involves injecting a serum that weakens the muscles to avoid getting wrinkles, while some use it to get rid of frown lines.

There is a very good twin study identical twins who participated in the study. One of them had regular botox injections every three to four months and the other just had it once upfront and did not have any for 10 years. The difference is absolutely remarkable. The other one without botox looks 20 years older than their sister, says Dr Grubnik.

This is sometimes confused with a filler, which is done to restore volume to the face and make it look more youthful.

As you age there is some resorption on the bone in the face, because theres bone loss and the soft tissues hang. When these people maintain themselves with filler, when they get to their 60s they may not need a facelift because they didnt have that droopiness that the previous generation would have had.

A filler injection (per millimetre) can cost you up to R3,000 each, while botox (per unit) is around R60.

A facelift, also common among South African women, is a procedure that involves removing excess facial skin from the lower half of the face including the chin and neck and tightening loose skin in different areas in the face.

According to Dr Grubnik, this is a big operation and requires recovery time.

There will be bruising, swelling in the face.

You can expect to pay around R95,000 for a facelift.

Also read: They do it for sexual satisfaction, says surgeon on rise in vaginal rejuvenation

Another common facial procedure in South Africa is blepharoplasty (eyelid surgery). This involves taking out excess skin in the upper and lower eyelid to remove bags in the eyelids.

Model and businesswoman Kim Kardashian shocked her social media followers a few years ago after telling them she regularly got vampire facials to keep her face looking younger.

The procedure has gained popularity among women, and Dr Grubnik says its because the procedure actually works.

A vampire facial involves taking blood from parts of your body (apart from the face), and spinning it to separate the red blood cells and the plasma.

In the plasma the platelets are in the blood. Its called platelet red plasma and this platelet red plasma is a stem cell. Stem cells have growth factors, so they rejuvenate the skin. We inject it in the face we can micro-needle it in the face.

Youre allowed to have it once every six weeks. It definitely works, theres a reason why Kim Kardashian is having it, explains Dr Grubnik.

A vampire treatment could cost you at least R3,300 per procedure and R4,200 with PRP (platelet-rich plasma) injections.

Other skin care procedures include acne and oily skin treatments (R880), skin brightening treatment (R880), hydrating treatment (R880) and the red carpet peel for R1,300.

While Dr Grubnik encourages the use of these procedures for those who are willing, she also advocates for good skin care with the use of a sunscreen.

Sunscreen is paramount because the sun damages skin skin quite badly, so before you know it you will have very bad wrinkles and sun damage with pigmentation, regardless of the skin tone or colour everybody suffers equally.

People say there is a genetic predisposition to how you age and, to a certain extent it is true. If your mother looks fantastic at 70, youre blessed with those genes as well, but its not only the genetics. Looking after yourself always makes a difference.

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Vampire facials and other medical witchcraft you can buy to stay youthful today - Citizen

Joint Pain Injections Market Research : Key Companies Profile with Sales, Revenue, Price and Competitive Situation Analysis | Allergan Plc., Pfizer…

Market Synopsis:A New exploration report titled Global Joint Pain Injections market effectively displays the total situation of the global and an individual investigation of the different regional segments. It gives, any place pertinent and important, specialized information of products, and reveals helpful insight into expected business creation dates and current R&D status. This report will help the viewer in Better Decision Making.

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MarketResearch.Biz offers 2019report on Global Joint Pain Injections Market that assesses industry development drifts through chronicled information and appraisals future possibilities dependent on exhaustive research. The report widely gives the piece of the overall industry, development, patterns, and figures for the period 2019-2028.Joint Pain Injections Market investigate report completely clarifies every single viewpoint identified with the Joint Pain Injections Market, which encourages the reports reader to think about and assess the up-coming business sector drift and execute the logical data to advance the business.The development pattern anticipated because of intensive assessment offers inside and out data in regards to the Joint Pain Injections Market. A pathway of improvement is offered by the market to the few associated systems of organizations under it, which incorporate various firms, enterprises, associations, sellers, wholesalers, and nearby producers as well. All the key Joint Pain Injections Market players contend with one another by offering better products and administrations at a sensible cost so as to snatch huge share at the regional and global level market.

The report also provides a competitor analysis of Key Trends & advanced technologies. The Joint Pain Injections (Thousands Units) and Revenue (Million USD) Market Split by Key players such as Allergan Plc., Pfizer Inc, Sanofi, Anika Therapeutics Inc, Ferring B.V., Bioventus LLC, Flexion Therapeutics Inc, Zimmer Biomet Holdings Inc, Seikagaku Corporation, Chugai Pharmaceutical Co Ltd

Joint Pain Injections Market Report segments Cover:

Segmentation by Injection type:

Corticosteroid InjectionsHyaluronic Acid InjectionsOthers (include, Platelet-rich plasma (PRP), Placental tissue matrix (PTM), etc.)Segmentation by joint type:

Knee & AnkleHip JointShoulder & ElbowFacet Joints of the SpineOthers (include, Ball and socket, etc.)Segmentation by end-user:

Hospital PharmaciesRetail PharmaciesOnline Pharmacies

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Joint Pain Injections Market Research : Key Companies Profile with Sales, Revenue, Price and Competitive Situation Analysis | Allergan Plc., Pfizer...