Hanging Medal On Limbaugh, Trump Honors Overt Hate Speech – The National Memo

Rush Limbaugh is a demagogue, an incendiary and malevolent media figure who traffics in the worst of racism and misogyny, coarsens the civic discourse and mainstreams baseless conspiracy theories. Borrowing the playbook of a 1930s Catholic priest whose radio show reveled in anti-Semitism and fascism, Limbaugh is the Father Coughlin of our age. His radio show is vile.

On Tuesday, President Donald J. Trump awarded Limbaugh the Presidential Medal of Freedom, which had previously been reserved for people whose lives and work lifted the nation people such as Rosa Parks, Jonas Salk and Walter Cronkite. By awarding it to Limbaugh, the president has saluted a bigot and enshrined his ideology as a national treasure.

Many political scientists and news media pundits would still like to believe that the Trump presidency rests largely on economic upheaval, on the sense of dislocation and alienation in working-class regions that have seen well-paying jobs lost to globalization and automation. And there is, no doubt, a despair in those regions that can be traced to the loss of financial security. But those workers are too easily persuaded that their plight is the fault of Mexicans and Muslims, that their jobs went to unqualified black or brown laborers.

And Limbaugh is their media hero, a man whose decades on the radio moved his dedicated followers to call themselves Dittoheads. And what inspired commentary sends them into such rapturous agreement? Heres one Limbaugh nugget: I think its time to get rid of this whole National Basketball Association. Call it the TBA, the Thug Basketball Association, and stop calling them teams. Call em gangs. Heres another: Have you ever noticed how all composite pictures of wanted criminals resemble Jesse Jackson?

The presidency of Barack Obama sent Limbaugh into reactionary overdrive; he was a committed birther, and he derided any Obama policy that expanded government benefits even when most of the beneficiaries were white as reparations. In one rant during Obamas first term, Limbaugh claimed that Obamas presidency represented the opportunity for people of color to use their power as a means of retribution. Thats what Obamas about. Hes angry, hes gon cut this country down to size, hes gon make it pay for its mistreatment of minorities.

Limbaugh also has full reservoirs of misogyny with which to drench women who dare seek equal treatment under the law. When a Georgetown University student named Sandra Fluke testified before Congress, seeking to have health insurance cover contraceptives, Limbaugh went on a vicious tear, denouncing her as a slut and a prostitute. He made the term feminazi a mainstream slur describing any woman who believes that she should have full citizenship. Feminism, he once declared, was established so as to allow unattractive women easier access to the mainstream of society.

To round out his repertoire of abhorrent and baseless attacks, he once mocked the actor Michael J. Fox, who suffers from Parkinsons disease, on the air, accusing him of exaggerating his symptoms. Fox had made a political ad in support of stem cell research, which scientists said might lead to a cure for Parkinsons, and viewers could see his pronounced tremors. He is moving all around and shaking, and its purely an act, Limbaugh insisted.

Of course, all that bigotry and bullying made him the perfect recipient of an award from Trump, who has channeled the same base impulses to power his way to the presidency. Indeed, Limbaugh helped pave the way for Trump. The talk radio meister made insults, cheap provocations and racist assaults on people of color commonplace even entertaining for a certain voting bloc. They were ready to welcome the bombastic reality TV host.

When Trump entered the political arena as a birther insisting that Obama was not born in the United States and was therefore illegitimate his base was already primed for it. When Trump was caught on audio tape bragging that he had sexually assaulted women, Limbaugh had already laid the groundwork for a presidency dismissive of common decency.

By awarding Limbaugh the Presidential Medal of Freedom, Trump has not succeeded in cheapening the award. Its distinctions will endure. But he has elevated Limbaughs racism, misogyny and free-floating malevolence, enshrining them as centerpieces of his presidency.

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Hanging Medal On Limbaugh, Trump Honors Overt Hate Speech - The National Memo

Mutated blood stem cell receptors could be therapeutic targets for leukaemia – Drug Target Review

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Researchers have identified that in leukaemia, mutated receptors allow blood stem cells to activate one another without the proper signal and suggest this discovery could lead to targeted novel therapies.

Research into cell signalling has shown that in leukaemia, mutations in the cytokine receptors of blood stem cells triggers an overproduction of blood cells, causing the condition. The scientists hope this discovery will pave the way for targeted novel therapeutics in future.

In the study, published in Science, the research team discovered that while blood stem cells are normally regulated by cytokines, mutations can allow them to be activated without the correct signals, prompting the development of blood cells to spiral out of control.

The researchers used super-resolution fluorescent microscopy to study the way blood stem cells communicate with each other in real time. They observed cytokines binding to designated cell surface receptors, pairing the blood stem cells up and causing the production of blood cells. But when cells with mutations affecting these receptors were introduced, the cells paired up without cytokines and produced an imbalance of healthy platelets, white and red blood cells.

Professor Ian Hitchcock from the York Biomedical Research Institute and the Department of Biology at the University of York, UK, explained: Our bodies produce billions of blood cells every day via a process of cells signalling between each other. Cytokines act like a factory supervisor, tightly regulating this process and controlling the development and proliferation of the different blood cell types.

Our observations led us to a previously unknown mechanism for how individual mutations trigger blood stem cells to start signalling independently of cytokines, causing the normal system to become out of control and leading to diseases like leukaemia. Understanding this mechanism may enable the identification of targets for the development of new drugs.

Professor Ilpo Vattulainen from the University of Helsinki, Finland, added: Our biomolecular simulations unveiled surprising features concerning the orientation of active receptor pairs at the plasma membrane, explaining how mutations render activation possible without a ligand (eg, cytokine). These predictions were subsequently confirmed experimentally.

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Mutated blood stem cell receptors could be therapeutic targets for leukaemia - Drug Target Review

Chopping Genes and Growing Brains – The LumberJack

Biology professor John Steele guided a cell biology lab his first year at HSU wherein he wanted to teach students that cells need nutrients to survive. After 48 hours, the lab discovered quite the opposite. James Gomez, a current student in the lab, had the opportunity to research more into the groundbreaking discovery.

In science, youre kinda looking for that unexpected stuff, Gomez said. Right after I came in, I was really excited to be a part of that. There was this thing that was happening that we particularly cant fully explain, and Im actually in the lab doing that science.

Steeles experiment for his class involved students starving the cells of nutrients to trigger a state of autophagy, which is when the cell starts to consume itself. Steele meant to emphasize that cells needed nutrients like amino acids and lipids to survive. It was assumed that starving cells of key nutrients eventually killed them.

Steele said the experiment was common, and was usually shut down after six to eight hours. Steele decided to run it for 48 hours instead, since that was the time between lab sections. When his class returned returned to the lab, rather than seeing a bunch of dead cells, they were decidedly more alive. The lab had made a discovery.

Despite the cells being in autophagy in Steeles experiment, they had stopped dividing and took on a strange morphology. Their metabolic rate was highthey were very much not dead.

Now the lab, including Gomez, are deep in research. The lab is introducing pathway inhibitors, or drugs, to block basic cell functions, narrowing down the essential and non-essential. The project is open-ended, as students methodically look at every cellular pathway to determine the needs of cells.

What I love about this project is that it was born here, Steele said. Nobody else that I know of is working on this, outside of HSU. Thats an awesome process to be a part of, where students get hands-on training in phenotypic genetic screening and drug screening, and we get to learn about the basic biology of cells in doing this.

Steele encourages the students in his lab to explore the boundaries of their knowledge. CRISPR, Cas9 and stem cell cultures are unique tools available to these students, and they offer an opportunity to think outside the box and do creative science.

Steeles lab combines bio-technologies using unique stem cell cultures and genome editing techniques. The lab cultures stem cellscells which can grow into any cell typeand chops up DNA using CRISPR, a revolutionary gene-clipping tool, to learn how rare neurodegenerative diseases develop in the brain.

There have been some really cool applications of CRISPR out there. And theyre just because somebody said, I wonder if we could do that? and they did.

Steeles graduate student Kyle Anthoney, on the other hand, is working on making a model of a rare disease called progressive supernucleogical palsy, which looks like a combination of Parkinsons and Alzheimers diseases. The disease is a tauopathic disease because a main characteristic of the disease is a buildup of the tau protein, which blocks some necessary cell functions. To understand the finer details of the disease, Anthoney developed a new method for growing neurosphere cell types into what is, effectively, a miniature brain.

Scientifically named 3D neural sphere cultures, these miniature brains offer a platform for researchers to study three types of brain cells at the same time. Anthoneys method allowed him to organically grow neurons, oligodendrocytes and astrocytes, three dominant cell types in the brain, from human stem cells, so they would develop naturally like they would in a growing brain.

Anthoneys research is up for review in a number of scientific publications and his name is on some breakthrough scientific papers. He is contributing to research about progressive supernucleogical palsy and other tauopathic diseases. His research concentrates the tau protein in a miniature brain to simulate the symptoms of progressive supernucleogical palsy, and he is exploring how the protein and disease impact his lab-grown brain cells.

There have been some really cool applications of CRISPR out there, Steele said. And theyre just because somebody said, I wonder if we could do that? and they did.

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Engineered Living-Cell Blood Vessel Provides New Insights to Progeria – Duke Today

Biomedical engineers at Duke University have developed the most advanced disease model for blood vessels to date and used it to discover a unique role of the endothelium in Hutchinson-Gilford Progeria Syndrome. Called progeria for short, the devastating and extremely rare genetic disease causes symptoms resembling accelerated aging in children.

The model is the first to grow both the smooth muscle and inner lining, or endothelium, layers of blood vessels from stem cells derived from the patients own skin. Combined with an advanced experimental setup that pushes culture media that models blood through the engineered blood vessels, the model reveals that the endothelium responds differently to flow and shear stress with progeria than it does when healthy.

The study shows that a diseased endothelium alone is enough to produce symptoms of progeria, and also demonstrates a new way of studying blood vessels in dynamic 3D models to better understand and test treatments for serious diseases.

The results appear online on February 6 in the journal Stem Cell Reports.

The endothelium expresses the toxic protein that causes the symptoms of progeria, but it does so at much lower levels than the outer layer of blood vessels made of smooth muscle, said Nadia Abutaleb, a biomedical engineering PhD student at Duke and co-first author of the paper. Because of this, the entire field has been focused on smooth muscle, and the few that have looked at the endothelium have mostly looked at it in a static 2D culture. But weve discovered that its necessary to work dynamically in three dimensions to see the full effects of the disease.

Progeria is a non-hereditary genetic disease caused by a random single-point mutation in the genome. It is so rare and so deadly that there are only about 250 people known to be currently living with the disease worldwide.

Progeria is triggered by a defect in a protein called progerin that leads it to accumulate outside of a cell's nucleus rather than becoming part of the nuclear structural support system. This causes the nucleus to take on an abnormal shape and inhibits its ability to divide. The resulting symptoms look much like accelerated aging, and affected patients usually die of heart disease brought on by weakened blood vessels before the age of 15.

"Progeria isn't considered hereditary, because nobody lives long enough to pass it on," said George Truskey, the R. Eugene and Susie E. Goodson Professor of Biomedical Engineering at Duke. "Because the disease is so rare, its difficult to get enough patients for clinical trials. We're hoping our platform will provide an alternative way to test the numerous compounds under consideration."

Blood vessels are difficult to simulate because their walls have multiple layers of cells, including the endothelium and the media. The endothelium is the innermost lining of all blood vessels that interacts with circulating blood. The media is made mostly of smooth muscle cells that help control the flow and pressure of the blood.

In 2017, the Truskey laboratory engineered the first 3D platform for testing blood vessels grown from skin cells taken from progeria patients. The blood vessels exhibited many of the symptoms seen in people with the disease and responded similarly to pharmaceuticals.

While the smooth muscle cells in our previous study were created using cells from progeria patients, the endothelial cells were not, said Abutaleb. We suspected that the endothelial cells might be responsible for some of the lingering symptoms in the original study, so we began working to grow blood vessels with both smooth muscle and endothelial cells derived from the same patient.

By successfully growing endothelial cells derived from progeria patients, the researchers were able to create a more complete model of the disease. They also tested the endotheliums unique contribution to the diseases symptoms by mixing impaired endothelium with healthy smooth muscle.

They found that a diseased endothelium alone was enough to produce many of the symptoms of progeria, but that these results only appeared when the cells were tested under dynamic conditions.

One of the major findings is that the progeria endothelium responds to flow and shear stresses differently than healthy endothelium, said Abutaleb.

The new models healthy blood vessels responded to pharmaceuticals more strongly than in past papers, and the diseased blood vessels showed a greater drop in functionality. With this advanced model in hand, the team is now beginning to investigate how new and current drugs for progeria affect a patients blood vessels.

This research was supported by the National Institutes of Health (R01 HL138252-01, UH3TR000505, UH3TR002142) and the National Science Foundation (GRFP Grants #1106401 and DGE1644868).

CITATION: iPSC-derived Endothelial Cells Affect Vascular Function in a Tissue Engineered Blood Vessel Model of Hutchinson-Gilford Progeria Syndrome, Leigh Atchison, Nadia O. Abutaleb, Elizabeth Snyder-Mounts, Yantenew Gete, Alim Ladha, Thomas Ribar, Kan Cao, George A. Truskey. Stem Cell Reports, vol. 14, issue 2 (2020). DOI:10.1016/j.stemcr.2020.01.005

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Engineered Living-Cell Blood Vessel Provides New Insights to Progeria - Duke Today

Stem Cell Antibody Market Research report covers the Industry share and Growth, 2020 2027: Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc. (US), Merck Group (Germany),…

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The Report covers epidemilogy of Stem Cell Antibody from 2020 to 2027 saperated by Seven Major Regions facilitate with market drivers, market barriers and unmet medical needs of this indication. The Report gives extencive statistics and market overview by providing specifics such as disease definition, classification, symptoms, etiology, pathophysiology and diagnostic trends.

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Stem Cell Therapy Market 2020 | Research, Opportunities, Emerging Trends, Competitive Strategies and Forecasts 2020-2026 – Instant Tech News

New Jersey, United States The report is a comprehensive research study of the global Stem Cell Therapy market, taking into account growth factors, recent trends, developments, opportunities and the competitive landscape. Market analysts and researchers performed an in-depth analysis of the Stem Cell Therapy global market using research methodologies such as PESTLE and Porters Five Forces analysis. They provided precise and reliable data on the market and useful recommendations in order to help the actors to better understand the global scenario of the present and future market. The report includes an in-depth study of potential segments, including product type, application and end user, as well as their contribution to the overall size of the market.

Global Stem Cell TherapyMarketwas valued at USD 86.62 million in 2016 and is projected to reach USD 221.03million by 2025, growing at a CAGR of 10.97% from 2017 to 2025.

This report covers a comprehensive study of the data affecting the Stem Cell Therapy market with regard to manufacturers, suppliers, market players and customers. The report also includes an overview of technology applications and strategies used by market leaders. In addition to data compiled by type, application and region, the study includes personalized research to examine the intricacies of the global Stem Cell Therapy market.

Key players in global Stem Cell Therapy market include:

Osiris Therapeutics, Medipost Co., Anterogen Co., Pharmicell Co., HolostemTerapieAvanzateSrl, JCR Pharmaceuticals Co., Nuvasive, RTI Surgical, Allosource

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Global Stem Cell Therapy Market: Research Methodology

The research methodology used by analysts play an integral role in how the publication has been prepared. Analysts have used primary and secondary research methodologies to make a comprehensive analysis. For accurate and precise analysis of the global Stem Cell Therapy s market, analysts have a bottom-up and top-down approaches.The main sources include interviews, surveys and observations of seasoned analysts, and secondary sources cover reputable paid sources, trade journals and databases of industry organizations. Other research methods include SWOT analysis with In-Depth Market Analysis.

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Stem Cell Therapy market competitiveness is the result of the expansion technique employed by market leaders. market dynamics and trends play an important role in this growth market. This report focuses on the value chain, the trend of volume and price factors that influence the market. The growth of world population and the constant evolution of consumer demand is the main cause of the market dynamics. In addition, market restrictions and limits and strategies used by companies to overcome these limits are included in market research.

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This part of the report includes detailed information on the market in various regions. Each region offers different scope for markets because every region has a different government policies and other factors. The regions included in this report are North America, Europe, Asia Pacific, and the Middle East and Africa. Information about the different areas helps the reader to understand better the global market.

Table of Content

1 Introduction of Stem Cell Therapy Market

1.1 Overview of the Market 1.2 Scope of Report 1.3 Assumptions

2 Executive Summary

3 Research Methodology of Verified Market Research

3.1 Data Mining 3.2 Validation 3.3 Primary Interviews 3.4 List of Data Sources

4 Stem Cell Therapy Market Outlook

4.1 Overview 4.2 Market Dynamics 4.2.1 Drivers 4.2.2 Restraints 4.2.3 Opportunities 4.3 Porters Five Force Model 4.4 Value Chain Analysis

5 Stem Cell Therapy Market , By Deployment Model

5.1 Overview

6 Stem Cell Therapy Market , By Solution

6.1 Overview

7 Stem Cell Therapy Market , By Vertical

7.1 Overview

8 Stem Cell Therapy Market , By Geography

8.1 Overview 8.2 North America 8.2.1 U.S. 8.2.2 Canada 8.2.3 Mexico 8.3 Europe 8.3.1 Germany 8.3.2 U.K. 8.3.3 France 8.3.4 Rest of Europe 8.4 Asia Pacific 8.4.1 China 8.4.2 Japan 8.4.3 India 8.4.4 Rest of Asia Pacific 8.5 Rest of the World 8.5.1 Latin America 8.5.2 Middle East

9 Stem Cell Therapy Market Competitive Landscape

9.1 Overview 9.2 Company Market Ranking 9.3 Key Development Strategies

10 Company Profiles

10.1.1 Overview 10.1.2 Financial Performance 10.1.3 Product Outlook 10.1.4 Key Developments

11 Appendix

11.1 Related Research

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AI is transforming healthcare as we know it: Arab Health 2020 – Euronews

The recent outbreak of the coronavirus has shown us that our global health system is only as strong as its weakest link.

The key to stemming the spread of such illnesses lies in bolstering connectivity and communication between health bodies and thats precisely the theme here at Arab Health 2020.

Artificial intelligence means medical bodies can link up their data and act quickly in a crisis.

"As emergency physicians and practitioners were often on the frontline. But Ill give you an example of how technology and AI may help outbreaks, not just Coronavirus, but for seasonal influenza," says Dr Jacques Kobersy, emergency medicine institute chair, Cleveland Hospital Abu Dhabi.

"When you have an organisation like WHO who are alerted to the fact that there is some new virus circulating, Artificial intelligence might give us the opportunity to flag that those unusual symptoms are occurring way before human clinicians and departments of health realize it. And help us get ahead of these sort of pandemics maybe a month or so ahead of time before they really fester."

55,000 attendees from 159 countries have touched down in Dubai to showcase and learn about the life-changing and groundbreaking technologies poised to transform healthcare as we know it.

Autonomous ambulances

Soon, AI could make autonomous ambulances that automatically arrive at a patients house as soon as somethings wrong.

"We call it a smart ambulance. The high-risk patient, they will start to wear wearable devices. Let's say something happened to that patient. These devices will start to send all the vital data to the system and the hospital. So the physician, he can monitor all the data and monitor the patient 24 hour," says Dr Rashid al Hashimi - youth council member, UAE ministry of health (mohap).

In the future, the ambulance will be auto-drive. So it will go directly to the patient. While they are moving all these signals will be green for them.

When the patient enters the ambulance, there will be some high-resolution cameras. They will detect the patient's face and will give all the data which is very important for the rescuers to help the patient.

While they are going to the hospital, there will be like a virtual doctor inside the ambulance.

AI implants

AI is already powering implants that can monitor patients vitals around the clock.

"We can put devices under the skin and telemonitor heart patients even at home. We have put this device on 30 patients," says Dr Noor al Muhairi, head of medical services, hospital dept (mohap).

"One of them was in London. And we saw that we have an abnormality in his heart. And we called them directly and told him, go to the nearest hospital and this saved him."

And unprecedented advancements in stem-cell research mean damaged heart cells can now be regrown.

"In treatment, we collaborated with Osaka University, where they have done a study on stem cells that have been generated to cardiac cells. You can bring stem cells to make the heart cells regenerate," says Dr Muhairi.

"So this is one of the latest technology in heart treatment and in collaboration with Japan, we are going to do a clinical study here in the Ministry of Health."

Analysing wounds

Meanwhile, image analysis of wounds using machine learning can now prevent amputations caused by diseases like diabetes.

"This machine is checking the healing process for the diabetic foot. It will give us the results within 30 seconds. We are just scanning for the wound.2

"There is information going back 15 years in this machine. So it will check with other types of wound and it will analyze for us exactly the problem. We can prevent amputations from the complication of diabetes," says Dr Halima el Shehhi, the emergency department unit manager at the ministry of health and prevention, UAE.

Whether it's artificial intelligence, new equipment, new abilities to analyze patients and treat them, things that we could only imagine a few years ago now have come to fruition.

Soon the days of treating illnesses after they occur will give way to an age of truly preventative healthcare.

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AI is transforming healthcare as we know it: Arab Health 2020 - Euronews

Global Stem Cell and Platelet Rich Plasma Alopecia Therapies Market 2019 Research and Industry Progression till 2024 – Galus Australis

Recently study titled,GlobalStem Cell and Platelet Rich Plasma (PRP) Alopecia TherapiesMarket Growth 2019-2024features the deeply studied and assessed data of the key industry players. The report presents a detailed statistical analysis of market dynamics and trends that offers a holistic picture of theStem Cell and Platelet Rich Plasma (PRP) Alopecia Therapiesindustry. The report defines, describes and forecasts the market in terms of the application area, manufacturers, region, and types. The report highlights key components impacting the industry such as market growth, competitive landscape, emerging trends, and industry cost structures during the forecast period from 2019 to 2024. It covers trends and development-related information, and focuses on markets and materials, capacities and developing the structure of the market.

The report segments the market into Products, Application, End Users, and Regions. Data is principally derived from secondary sources such as magazines, internet, journals, and press releases. The report examines considerations such as production value, capacity in a statistical format that accurately reveals a comprehendible picture of theStem Cell and Platelet Rich Plasma (PRP) Alopecia Therapiesmarket. The global research report on the market provides an in-depth analysis of industry size, shares, demand and supply analysis, sales volume and value analysis of various companies along with segmental analysis, with respect to important geographies.

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Some of the major market players are:Orange County Hair Restoration Center, Hair Sciences Center of Colorado, Evolution Hair Loss Institute, Savola Aesthetic Dermatology Center, Anderson Center for Hair, Colorado Surgical Center & Hair Institute, Virginia Surgical Center, Hair Transplant Institute of Miami

The report includes market division study over the significant geographies of the world such asAmericas (United States, Canada, Mexico, Brazil), APAC (China, Japan, Korea, Southeast Asia, India, Australia), Europe (Germany, France, UK, Italy, Russia, Spain), Middle East & Africa (Egypt, South Africa, Israel, Turkey, GCC Countries).

Furthermore, the report reveals that the globalStem Cell and Platelet Rich Plasma (PRP) Alopecia Therapiesmarket contains the ability to become one of the most lucrative industries as factors related to this market such as raw material affluence, financial stability, technological development, trading policies, and increasing demand are boosting the market growth. Market risks, challenges, and threats faced by market players are represented in this study.

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Global Stem Cell and Platelet Rich Plasma Alopecia Therapies Market 2019 Research and Industry Progression till 2024 - Galus Australis

Researchers Explore Hydrogels That Are Promising Materials For Delivering Therapeutic Cells – Texas A&M University

Electron micrograph showing ridges and grooves on MAP hydrogel microbeads caused by developing stem cells.

Courtsey of Daniel Alge

Baby diapers, contact lenses and gelatin dessert. While seemingly unrelated, these items have one thing in common theyre made of highly absorbent substances called hydrogels that have versatile applications. Recently, a type of biodegradable hydrogel, dubbed microporous annealed particle (MAP) hydrogel, has gained much attention for its potential to deliver stem cells for body tissue repair. But it is currently unclear how these jelly-like materials affect the growth of their precious cellular cargo, thereby limiting its use in regenerative medicine.

In a new study published in the November issue of Acta Biomaterialia, researchers at Texas A&M University have shown that MAP hydrogels, programmed to biodegrade at an optimum pace, create a fertile environment for bone stem cells to thrive and proliferate vigorously. They found the space created by the withering of MAP hydrogels creates room for the stem cells to grow, spread and form intricate cellular networks.

Our research now shows that stem cells flourish on degrading MAP hydrogels; they also remodel their local environment to better suit their needs, said Daniel Alge, assistant professor in the Department of Biomedical Engineering. These results have important implications for developing MAP hydrogel-based delivery systems, particularly for regenerative medicine where we want to deliver cells that will replace damaged tissues with new and healthy ones.

MAP hydrogels are a newer breed of injectable hydrogels. These soft materials are interconnected chains of extremely small beads made of polyethylene glycol, a synthetic polymer. Although the microbeads cannot themselves cling to cells, they can be engineered to present cell-binding proteins that can then attach to receptor molecules on the stem cells surface.

Once fastened onto the microbeads, the stem cells use the space between the spheres to grow and transform into specialized cells, like bone or skin cells. And so, when there is an injury, MAP hydrogels can be used to deliver these new cells to help tissues regenerate.

However, the health and behavior of stem cells within the MAP hydrogel environment has never been fully studied.

MAP hydrogels have superior mechanical and biocompatible properties, so in principle, they are a great platform to grow and maintain stem cells, Alge said. But people in the field really dont have a good understanding of how stem cells behave in these materials.

To address this question, the researchers studied the growth, spread and function of bone stem cells in MAP hydrogels. Alge and his team used three samples of MAP hydrogels that differed only in the speed at which they degraded, that is, either slow, fast or not at all.

First, for the stem cells to attach onto the MAP hydrogels, the researchers decorated the MAP hydrogels with a type of cell-binding protein. They then tracked the stem cells as they grew using a high-resolution, fluorescent microscope. The researchers also repeated the same experiment using another cell-binding protein to investigate if cell-binding proteins also affected stem cell development within the hydrogels.

To their surprise, Alges team found that for both types of cell-binding proteins, the MAP hydrogels that degraded the fastest had the largest population of stem cells. Furthermore, the cells were changing the shape of the MAP hydrogel as they spread and claimed more territory.

In the intact MAP hydrogel, we could still see the spherical microbeads and the material was quite undamaged, Alge said. By contrast, the cells were making ridges and grooves in the degrading MAP hydrogels, dynamically remodeling their environment.

The researchers also found that as the stem cells grew, the quantity of bone proteins produced by the growing stem cells depended on which cell-binding protein was initially used in the MAP hydrogel.

Alge noted that the insight gained through their study will greatly inform further research and development in MAP hydrogels for stem-cell therapies.

Although MAP hydrogel degradability profoundly affects the growth of the stem cells, we found that the interplay between the cell-binding proteins and the degradation is also important, he said. As we, as a field, make strides toward developing new MAP hydrogels for tissue engineering, we must look at the effects of both degradability and cell-binding proteins to best utilize these materials for regenerative medicine.

Other contributors to the research include Shangjing Xin from the Department of Biomedical Engineering at Texas A&M and Carl A. Gregory from the Institute for Regenerative Medicine at the Texas A&M Health Science Center.

This research was supported by funds from theNational Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseasesof the National Institutes of Health.

Link:
Researchers Explore Hydrogels That Are Promising Materials For Delivering Therapeutic Cells - Texas A&M University

Gill Aviation to Help Fund Blood Cancer Research – AviationPros.com

Gill Aviation has initiated a week-long campaign to raise awareness and help fund blood cancer research by donating a portion of fuel sales to the Leukemia & Lymphoma Society (LLS).

From February 3-7, Gill Aviation will donate 5 cents for every gallon of Jet A fuel sold. In addition, donations can be made on-line through a special LLS web page created by Kya Gill, a Houston, Texas high school student, in honor of her sister Paige who underwent treatment for Lymphoma. The goal is to raise $250,000 during the campaign period.

We are very proud of our daughter Kya and her efforts to help fund blood cancer research to fight Leukemia and Lymphoma, two of the most common forms of cancer in children, teens and young adults, said Jag Gill, President of Gill Aviation. We have selected to work with LLS because the research they do provides a gateway to curing these cancers through advanced treatments such as chemotherapy, radiation and stem cell transplantation.

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Gill Aviation to Help Fund Blood Cancer Research - AviationPros.com