Stem cells have been touted as treatments for everything from    hair loss to heart disease.  
    But are those claims scientifically sound?  
    Research on the technology continues to look promising, but    many of its human applications are still preliminary and their    effectiveness anecdotal.  
    Samumed, a $12 billion biotech start-up based in San Diego,    profiled this month in Business Insider, exemplifies both sides of    the coin.  
    The company has promised a bevy of age-reversing cures,    including regrowing hair, treating wrinkles, and regenerating    cartilage in people with osteoarthritis  
    However, their research isnt conclusive.  
    None of their treatments have received government approval yet.  
        Read more: Rheumatoid arthritis and stem cell treatments      
    Its easy to get excited about all this research.  
    Samumed Is Trying to Create the Fountain of Youth, says one    headline.  
    Samumed Aims to Reverse Aging with Eternal Youth Treatments,    says another.  
    Combined with $300 million in investment funding, the company    has more than just buzz going for it in the biotech industry.  
    Their treatment for androgenetic    alopecia (hair loss) is currently in phase II trials.  
    Its program to help people with osteoarthritis    regrow cartilage in their knees is in phase III.  
    In total, the company has seven drugs in phase II trials, with    plans to expand into more areas of disease research this year.  
    However, Samumed has raised some eyebrows in the industry with    its secrecy. Some skeptics have likened the company to Theranos, a biotech start-up that was    valued at $9 billion before an investigation by the Wall Street    Journal led to a shutdown of the companys labs.  
    Samumed has been more open about presenting their data to the    public  but not about the actual treatments.  
    We're basically telling everyone, here's proof that it works,    Samumed Chief Executive Officer, Osman Kibar, told Business    Insider. How it works  you just need to wait a little longer    because we want to build as much of a head start as we can.  
        Read more: Stem cell treatments for multiple sclerosis      
    Beyond the applications of stem cells at Samumed, the    technology is also being used to treat some of the United    States most widespread health issues.  
    New research from the American Heart    Association this month demonstrated the effectiveness of    implanted stem cells into the hearts of people with     cardiomyopathy.  
    Although the sample size was small (only 27 people), scientists    noted function and symptomatic improvements of heart    functioning as well as less frequency of hospitalization and    lower medical costs. They conclude that the stem cell procedure    is a feasible treatment for cardiomyopathy, but they note    that a larger clinical follow-up is needed for more conclusive    results.  
    In the past week, Newsweek reported on miracle stem cell    treatments for burn victims that will promote healing without    scars.  
    Stat News wrote about research on stem    cells in mice that could potentially help cure Parkinsons    disease.  
        Read more: Unproved stem cell treatments offer hope and risk      
    Some researchers in the industry are somewhat measured in their    optimism of the technologys human applications.  
    I want to make sure that we provide a real cautionary note,    especially to those individuals and those institutions that    tout stem cells as the panacea for any ill, Dr. Cato    Laurencin, director of the Institute for Regenerative    Engineering at the University of Connecticut, told Healthline.  
    Laurencin, a medical practitioner at the forefront of stem cell    technology, is a firm believer in the benefits of the    treatment, but also remains skeptical of some of the claims    associated with it.  
    Much of the evidence is still preliminary or anecdotal, and    when people operate on information that is preliminary or    anecdotal, there is the possibility for harm, he said.  
    His work in regenerative engineering  a term he coined several    years ago  looks at the healing properties of implanted stem    cells in the human body.  
    In research published this month, Laurencin    and his team concluded that stem cells effectively improved    healing to torn rotator cuff tendons in rats.  
    Rotator cuff tendon tears are a relatively common injury in    humans and can be difficult to treat.  
    Unlike other tendons in the body, the rotator cuff tendon is    unable to heal itself, said Laurencin.  
    Once it is torn, it is liable to be reinjured again and again.  
    However, the research released this month is about more than    just applying stem cells to a certain kind of injury, its    about how the stem cells are applied.  
        Read more: Scientists use 3-D environment to speed up growth of    stem cells   
    Laurencin describes his field as an evolution of earlier work    from 30 years ago in tissue engineering: a convergence of    bringing together new technologies to create new science and    new possibilities.  
    In this case, nanotechnology is at the heart of this stem cell    operation.  
    Currently there are a variety of ways that stem cells can be    implanted into a subject, including injections and bone marrow    transplants.  
    For his research, Laurencin and his team used biomaterial    based fiber matrices  a nanomaterial conducive to growing and    attaching stem cells  to implant into the wounded area.  
    The results are promising, but Laurencin and his team will have    to continue working with animals for some time before the    process can be applied to humans.  
    The key is in understanding that stem cells have the potential    for more than just regrowing damaged parts of the body.  
    The way we commonly think about a stem cell is it becoming a    new tissue. But were also understanding that the stem cell    itself can secrete biological factors that help regeneration    occur. Thats what we think is happening here, said Laurencin.  
    His research into stem cells as a medicinal element in the body    could have far reaching implications for all kinds of wound    therapy.  
    Despite his measured approach, Laurencin is still willing to    hypothesize about the excitement that the future of the field    undoubtedly holds  with proper time, funding, and research.  
    There are newts and salamanders that can regenerate a limb,    he told Healthline.  
    How do we harness the cues that are taking place in these    types of animals, and can we utilize what weve learned from    these types of animals in humans?  
Link:
Stem Cell Research Advancing Rapidly - Healthline