Cellect Announces Positive Clinical Trial Results P&T Community The Company's technology is expected to provide pharma companies, medical research centers and hospitals with the tools to rapidly isolate stem cells for in quantity and quality that will allow stems cell related treatments and procedures. Cellect's ... |
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Cellect Announces Positive Clinical Trial Results - P&T Community
February 19, 2017
Consider it one physician's giant leap for mankind. Today, the latest rocket launch from NASA's Kennedy Space Center in Cape Canaveral, Florida, included a payload of several samples of donated adult stem cells from a research laboratory at Mayo Clinic's Florida campus. The launch by SpaceX, an American aerospace manufacturer and space transport services company, is part of NASA's commercial resupply missions to the International Space Station.
The biological cells come from the laboratory of Abba Zubair, M.D., Ph.D., who says he has eagerly awaited the launch following several delays over the past couple of years. Dr. Zubair, who specializes in cellular treatments for disease and regenerative medicine, hopes to find out how the stem cells hold up in space. He says he's eager to know whether these special cells, which are derived from the body's bone marrow, can be more quickly mass-produced in microgravity and used to treat strokes. Microgravity is the condition in which people or objects appear to be weightless. The effects of microgravity can be seen when astronauts and objects float in space. Microgravity refers to the condition where gravity seems to be very small.
"At Mayo Clinic, research drives everything we do for patients," says Gianrico Farrugia, M.D., vice president, Mayo Clinic, and CEO of Mayo Clinic in Florida. "This space cargo carries important material for research that could hold the key for developing future treatments for strokea debilitating health issue. Research such as this accelerates scientific discoveries into breakthrough therapies and critical advances in patient care."
Dr. Zubair says he has dreamed of this moment all his life, with a passion for space that goes back to his childhood in the northern city of Kano, Nigeria. There, he says he came across a book about the first moon launch and became instantly enthralled. In high school, he recruited other physics students to build a model rocket prototype using corrugated metal and rudimentary materials from the local blacksmith. When it came time to apply for college, however, the school adviser steered him from becoming an astronaut. "He said it may be a long time before Nigeria sends rockets and astronauts into space, so I should consider something more practical," Dr. Zubair recalls.
With the goal of being useful to patients and helping cure disease, he headed to medical school in Nigeria. His training took him to the University of Sheffield, in Sheffield, England; the University of Pennsylvania in Philadelphia; and Harvard University in Cambridge, Massachusetts, as he specialized in bone marrow transplants and stem cell research. He came to Mayo Clinic's Florida campus to treat cancer patients and others whose conditions could be helped by regenerative medicineall the while running a research lab that studies adult stem cells.
Dr. Zubair came across a request for research proposals that involved medicine and outer space four years ago. His mother had died of stroke in 1997, and he had been thinking about stem cells as a treatment for stroke-related brain injury. Collaborating with Mayo Clinic neurologists James Meschia, M.D., and William D. Freeman, M.D., he studied mouse models of stroke.
"Stem cells are known to reduce inflammation," he explains. "We've shown that an infusion of stem cells at the site of stroke improves the inflammation and also secretes factors for the regeneration of neurons and blood vessels."
One big problem is that it may take as many as 200 million cells to treat a human being, and developing vast numbers of stem cells on Earth can take weeks.
"It's further complicated, because some patients are unable to donate cells for themselves, and, sometimes, there aren't enough donors who are a good match, as sometimes occurs for minorities," he says.
Studies in simulators on Earth have shown that adult stem cellsthe undifferentiated cells that exist in the body to replace damaged or dying cellsreproduce quickly and reliably in microgravity. While it's not known why microgravity works better than a petri dish, some researchers speculate the conditions may be similar to the floating environment of developing cells in the body. With funding from the Center for the Advancement of Science in Space, a nonprofit organization, Dr. Zubair hopes to find that, in space, stem cells can be reproduced safely in large quantities, providing new opportunities for patients.
He'll gather real-time information about the cells as astronauts conduct experiments measuring molecular changes.
"We'll be looking to see if there are genes activated in microgravity and analyzing the stages of the cell cycle," he says.
"We may discover proteins or compounds that are produced that we can synthesize on Earth to encourage stem cell growth without having to go to microgravity." Over the last three years of planning, he says he's been tickled to learn about the challenges of space-based research, such as the need for techniques to handle fluids that don't mix in microgravity.
Most importantly, experiments will continue after the expanded stem cells return to Earth.
"We'll study them to make sure they're normal, functional and safe for patients with stroke," he says. "My work in regenerative medicine has always been intentionally translationalnot just to study what the cells do and what can be done with them but to make a difference for patients. That's what makes our project unique."
For the launch, Mayo Clinic is collaborating with the Center for Applied Space Technology (CAST) in Cape Canaveral, and BioServe Space Technologies in Boulder, Colorado. CAST supported Dr. Zubair's research by providing strategic mission planning, proposal development, spaceflight technical support and served as an interface between the research team and various space activities and agencies. BioServe provided space flight hardware, on orbit research protocol and scheduling interface.
Explore further: Researcher to grow human cells in space to test treatment for stroke
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Blast off: Stem cells from Mayo Clinic physician's lab launch into space - Medical Xpress
The biggest national project to treat patients with Cerebral Palsy (CP) through injection of stems cells from umbilical cord blood into the brain will be trialed in the country by the end of the current year in March, said Dr. Morteza Zarrabi, head of Royan Institute. The plan will be implemented jointly by Royan Institute, Childrens Medical Center (affiliated to Tehran University of Medical Sciences), and Iranian Blood Transfusion Organization. In the first phase, it would provide treatment to 130 children with CP between the ages 5-13, IRNA quoted him as saying, on the sidelines of the conference Stem Cells and Their Potentials for Clinical Application, held at Kashan University of Medical Sciences Thursday. In September 2016, the treatment was tried out in a few children with CP in some hospitals, and the results were satisfactory, he said. Many questions must be answered before stem cell treatment becomes a success in the medical field such as: which of the various types of stem cells would be the best to use; what is the best way in which to use these cells and how will they affect the body; when does the treatment need to be given to achieve the best result; and should the cells be injected directly into the damaged area of the brain or into the bloodstream. So far, 27 cord blood banks have been launched across the country. Around 75,000 samples have been stored in private banks and 5,000 in public banks, Zarrabi said. Approximately four in every 1,000 children in Iran have CP while in the developed countries the rate is 2 to 2.5 per 1000 live births. Cerebral palsy is a group of permanent movement disorders that appear in early childhood. Signs and symptoms vary among people. Symptoms usually include poor coordination, stiff muscles, weak muscles and tremors. There may be problem with sensation, hearing and vision, swallowing, and speaking. Babies with CP dont roll over, sit or walk as early as other children of their age. Difficulty with ability to think or reason and seizures occur in about one-third of people with CP. CP is caused by abnormal development or damage to the parts of the brain that control movement, balance, and posture. Most often the problems occur during pregnancy; however they may also occur during childbirth or shortly after birth. While the cause is unknown, risk factors such as preterm birth, being a twin, certain infections during pregnancy such as rubella, exposure to methyl-mercury during pregnancy, difficult delivery, head trauma during the first years of life, and inherited genetic disorders, are some of the causes.
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Treating Cerebral Palsy With Stem Cells - Financial Tribune
Newswise Upstate Medical University opens the Upstate Cord Blood Bank, only the second public cord blood bank in New York and one of only 32 in the US.
The $15 million, 20,000 square foot facility features a state of the art processing laboratory and cryogenic storage containers that can store nearly 14,500 units of cord blood. The building is located on Upstates Community Campus, 4910 Broad Road in Syracuse, home to Upstates obstetric services. The cord blood bank opened Feb. 9.
The bank will collect, test, process, store and distribute umbilical cord blood donated by families throughout central and northern New York to be used by those in need of life-saving medical treatments and for medical research.
The bank is currently accepting cord blood donations from families who give birth at Upstates Community Campus. Cord blood donations will be accepted from families who give birth at Syracuse's Crouse Hospital and St. Josephs Hospital Health Center as early as summer 2017. Agreements with other area hospitals will be forthcoming.
Umbilical cord blood is blood that remains in the placenta and umbilical cord after childbirth. Cord blood that is not donated is discarded as medical waste. It is a rich source of hematopoietic stem cells that have the potential of being used in the treatment of dozens of diseases, like blood cancers and bone marrow diseases such as sickle cell anemia.
State Sen. John DeFrancisco played a key role in securing the $15 million funding for the building, enabling Syracuse to have one of only two public cord blood banks in New York and one of only 32 in the United States.
The Upstate Cord Blood Bank responds directly to the mission of our academic medical center, said Upstate President Danielle Laraque-Arena, MD, FAAP. It is a community resource that will improve the health of individuals here, throughout our region and beyond. Whether the cord blood is used for transplantation or research, we are providing hope of better health and new treatments.
Laraque-Arena said she was grateful for the support of New York State Sen. John DeFrancisco. I applaud Senator DeFranciscos efforts to move this project forward and to enable Upstate to be at the forefront of this impactful initiative, Laraque-Arena said.
The Upstate Cord Blood Bank is a project near and dear to my heart, said DeFrancisco. Its a project that has been a long time coming, and I am absolutely ecstatic that the public bank is now open and receiving donations of umbilical cord blood. I look forward to witnessing the many cures that will result from having the use of cord blood available right here in Upstate.
Upstates Robert Corona, DO, MBA, professor and chair of the Department of Pathology, said the Upstate Cord Blood Bank would put to good use what is often referred to as medical waste.The blood from the umbilical cord and placenta, cord blood, contains hematopoietic stem cells that have potential to treat many diseases including cancer, genetic disorders and blood disorders, he said. What was once medical waste becomes a source of life saving cells and a significant contribution to the field of regenerative medicine. Stem cells show great potential in treating all sorts of neurologic disorders including metabolic disorders, spastic cerebral palsy and autism. We are truly fortunate to have a new Cord Blood Bank in our community as a cutting-edge patient care and research resource.
Nicholas Greco, PhD, executive director and tissue bank director of the Upstate Cord Blood Bank, said the use of cord blood in treatment for various diseases has expanded. Historically, cord blood from public banks in transplantation has focused on the safety and use in regenerating dysfunctional or damaged bone marrow. But, within the last decade, family banks have focused on using cord blood- and cord tissue-derived stem cells to replace or regenerate human cells, tissue or organs, to restore or establish normal function (regenerative medicine). These emerging uses, extend patient options for treatment and cures.
SUNY Chancellor Nancy Zimpher applauded the opening of the Upstate Cord Blood Bank. New Yorks ongoing investment in medical research and education provides far reaching benefits for our students and faculty as well as communities not only in New York state but around the globe, Zimpher said. Congratulations to President Laraque-Arena and the entire SUNY Upstate community on the opening of this new facility, which is certain to advance research in a vital field of study, enhance patient care, and provide new educational opportunities for students.
Designation as a public cord blood bank The designation of Upstate Cord Blood Bank as a public blood bank is important in that there is no cost to donate and donated cord blood is available to anyone who needs it. Once donated, the cord blood will be stored in the bank and made available to transplant centers in the United States and throughout the world for patients needing life-saving transplants. The cord blood units will be listed initially on the Bone Marrow Donors Worldwide registry and on the Be The Match registry maintained by the National Marrow Donor Program, which maintains a large listing of cord blood units available for transplant. Those units that are not suitable for transplantation will be made available to researchers, both at Upstate Medical University and around the country.
The Upstate Cord Blood Bank will in the near future open a family cord blood bank that will collect, test, process, store, and distribute a babys umbilical cord blood only for use by families who have a need for future use. An initial fee and annual fee will be charged for collection, processing and storage of umbilical cord blood in the family bank.
The Upstate Cord Blood Bank will operate under strict guidelines and protocols, established by state and federal health organizations, including the state Health Department, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), AABB and the Foundation for the Accreditation of Cellular Therapy (FACT).
As is currently under way at Crouse Hospital and St. Josephs Hospital Health Center, Upstate will work with regional hospitals to develop guidelines and agreements to enable mothers who deliver in these facilities the ability to donate their cord blood for free.
Upstate officials hope the cord blood bank will ultimately receive donations from 10,000 births a year, which would represent 50 percent of the approximately 20,000 births in Central New York annually.
How is cord blood donated Once a mother has delivered her baby and after the umbilical cord is clamped and cut as is done with all deliveries, a medical provider will insert a needle into the umbilical vein that is still attached to the placenta. The process, which takes less than 10 minutes, yields about 3 to 5 ounces of cord blood, which is then sent to the Upstate Cord Blood Bank for testing, processing and storage. There is no pain for the mother or baby nor is their safety compromised during the delivery.
Treatments with cord blood Stem cell transplants from umbilical cord blood, researchers say, may be more suitable for transplants than the more common stem cells taken from bone marrow as treatment for various cancers. Umbilical cord blood has an underdeveloped immune cell system providing less of a chance that the transplanted cells will attack the recipients immune system. Hematopoietic stem cells are capable of forming all different types of blood forming cells in the human body. They are used to treat some cancers, metabolic disorders and immunodeficiency diseases, and bone marrow disorders, such as sickle cell anemia. Cord blood is rich in these hematopoietic stem cells.
Research with cord blood Umbilical cord blood stem cells will be valuable for medical research, in studies seeking to advance new treatments for cancer and using cord blood to treat and cure diseases that are not cancers, that is, in regenerative medicine applications. These latter applications may regenerate new tissues such as heart, muscle, skin, and neuronal tissues. Some Upstate researchers have expressed an interest in working with stem cells from umbilical cord blood. An available supply of cord blood would enhance and expedite research studies on finding new treatments for various diseases.
Upstate Cord Blood Bank credits: Architect: Francis Cauffman, New York, N.Y. Engineer: Buro Happold Engineers, New York, N.Y., Project Management: Pike Construction Company, Rochester, N.Y.; General Contractor: Murnane Building Contractors, East Syracuse, N.Y.
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Upstate Opens Cord Blood Bank, Only the Second Public Cord Blood Bank in New York and One of Only 32 in the US - Newswise (press release)
Stem cell transplantation for leukemia
A stem cell transplant can be used to restore healthy bone marrow in patients with leukemia. Stem cells help stimulate new bone marrow growth and restore the immune system.
Before a stem cell transplant for leukemia, you will undergo a conditioning regimen, which involves intensive treatment to destroy as many leukemia cells as possible. You may receive high doses of chemotherapy and, in some cases, radiation therapy. You may also receive reduced-intensity conditioning (a mini-allogeneic transplant), which uses lower, less toxic doses of chemotherapy and/or total body irradiation (TBI) before the transplant.
Once this preparative regimen is complete, you are ready to undergo the transplant. Much like a blood transfusion, youll receive the stem cells intravenously. The procedure takes about an hour. After entering the bloodstream, the stem cells travel to the bone marrow and start to make new blood cells in a process known as engraftment.
In the months following the transplant, your care team will monitor your blood counts. You may need transfusions of red blood cells and platelets. Sometimes, the intensive treatments you receive before the stem cell transplantation for leukemia can cause side effects, like infection. In this case, your doctor may administer IV antibiotics.
If you had an allogeneic stem cell transplant, your doctor may prescribe certain drugs to reduce the risk of graft-versus-host-disease (GVHD), a condition where the donated cells attack the patient's tissues.
Recovery from a leukemia stem cell transplant can take several months. Dr. Redei and his team will work together with the rest of your care team to support you throughout the entire process.
For example, your dietitian will recommend a healthy diet to nutritionally fortify your body, and your naturopathic clinician will recommend natural therapies to help reduce side effects, such as neuropathy. Your rehabilitation therapist will recommend safe levels of physical activity to help you stay active and independent.
Additionally, your pain management practitioner will use various techniques to help alleviate discomfort and control bone and neuropathic pain, while your mind-body therapist will provide counseling and relaxation techniques.
A stem cell transplant (also called hematopoietic progenitor cell transplantation) infuses healthy blood-forming stem cells into the body. Stem cells can be collected from the bone marrow, circulating (peripheral) blood, and umbilical cord blood.
There are two main types of stem cell transplants:
An advantage of an allogeneic transplant is that the stem cells come from a healthy donor with no malignant cells. However, since it can be difficult to find a matching donor, an autologous transplant is usually more common.
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Leukemia Stem Cell Transplantation | CTCA
February 13, 2017 Microscopy reveals the tree-like arrangement of the milk-producing cells in the mammary gland during pregnancy. Credit: Dr Anne Rios, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute
Walter and Eliza Hall Institute researchers have used advanced cellular, bioinformatics and imaging technology to reveal a long-lived type of stem cell in the breast that is responsible for the growth of the mammary glands during pregnancy.
The newly discovered stem cells, which respond to the 'ovarian hormones' progesterone and oestrogen, may also be linked to a high-risk form of breast cancer.
The discovery was made by Dr Nai Yang Fu, Dr Anne Rios, Professor Jane Visvader and Professor Geoff Lindeman as part of a 20-year research program into how the breast develops from stem cells, and how breast cancers can arise from stem cells and developing breast tissue. The research was published today in Nature Cell Biology.
Dr Fu said the team had been able to build on their earlier discovery of breast stem cells, by defining subsets of stem cells with different functions, a project that was conducted in collaboration with bioinformatics researchers Dr Matthew Ritchie and Professor Gordon Smyth.
"When we looked at the genes that were switched on in these stem cells, we could distinguish subsets of stem cells that differed in their expression of genes encoding two proteins called Tetraspanin8 and Lgr5," he said. "By looking at the levels of Tetraspanin8 and Lgr5 protein on the surface of the cells, we could divide the stem cells into three separate groups."
The team used advanced technologies including three-dimensional imaging to show that the three groups of stem cells are located in different parts of the breast and function differently, Dr Rios said.
"We focused particularly on one stem cell subtype that had the highest levels of Tetraspanin8 and Lgr5 protein, which were located in the 'proximal' region of the breast around the nipple," Dr Rios said.
Professor Visvader said these stem cells were normally dormant - sitting quietly and not dividing - and remained in the proximal region throughout life. "However, when they were exposed to the hormones progesterone and oestrogen these cells awakened and could rapidly give rise to new breast cells," she said.
The research also revealed that the stem cells with high levels of Tetraspanin8 and Lgr5 protein had many similarities to a subtype of 'triple negative' breast cancers known as claudin-low cancers.
"Compared to other types of breast cancer, claudin-low cancers have a high chance of recurrence after treatment, leading to a poor prognosis for patients" Professor Visvader said.
Professor Lindeman, who is also a medical oncologist at the Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre and The Royal Melbourne Hospital, said the research may lead to future improved outcomes for people with claudin-low cancers, "We hope that our discovery can be used to understand how cancers may arise from long-lived stem cells, and potentially lead to better outcomes for breast cancer patients in the future," he said.
Explore further: Long-lived breast stem cells could retain cancer legacy
More information: Identification of quiescent and spatially restricted mammary stem cells that are hormone responsive, Nature Cell Biology, nature.com/articles/doi:10.1038/ncb3471
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Ovarian hormones awaken newly discovered breast stem cells - Medical Xpress
This past year, remarkable studies from some of the worlds leading research institutions have shown the effectiveness of using stem cell injections for the treatment of knee osteoarthritis. In the laboratory and more importantly in clinical observation, doctors are showing it is possible through the regeneration of damaged bone, cartilage, and the soft tissue of ligaments and tendons to biologically repair evenseverely damaged knees. This research demonstrates that there is an option to knee replacement.
Stem Cell Injectionsare part of our treatment plan for joint injuries and chronic pain. We have specialized, since 1999, in the non-surgical treatment of joint injuries, using techniques such as prolotherapy, platelet rich plasma therapy, and stem cell therapy to regenerate joint tissue. We have performed tens of thousands of procedures. This experience allows us to take a dual approach to joint injury with the use of stem cells and PRP to treat within the joint, and the use of prolotherapy to strengthen and regenerate the supporting structure of the joint.
Lets look at some of the new research
Doctors atChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and ChinasCellular Biomedicine Group found that one of the reasons stems cell therapy is effective is that after a single injection, the new stems cells remained active (healing) for 10 weeks. The doctors also noted that this extended duration stayis required in order for stem cells toexert their functions on promoting joint regeneration and/or cartilage protection.1
Doctors at the Department of Orthopedics, Medical College of Shihezi University in China published findings suggested in treated patients stem cell therapy offered long-term relief of symptoms. The doctors were able to conclude their long-term study by saying: Stem Celltreatment in patients with knee osteoarthritisshowed continual efficacy for 24 months compared with their pretreatment condition. 2
Doctors at the University of Pittsburgh citingstem cells as becoming the mainstay of nonoperative therapy in the high-demand athletic population. They reported on studies assessing the utility of stem cells that have shown encouraging results in the setting of osteoarthritis. So much so that they concluded: As the volume and quality of evidence continue to grow, biologic agents (stem cells) are poised to become an integral component of comprehensive patient care throughout all orthopedic specialties.3
Doctors affiliated with theUniversity of Louisville also reported good news for athletes seeking knee osteoarthritis repair without surgery, reporting thatstem cell treatments not only restored damaged cartilage, but the repair also acted to prevent future deterioration of the knee joint.4
Doctors at theUniversity of Iowa found thatstimulating tissue regeneration by autologous stem/progenitor cells has emerged as a promising new strategy (in the treatment of osteoarthritic meniscal damage).5
Clearly doctors do not research treatment options that have been shown to be ineffective. This new research is a continuation of previous findings that include:
Recent researchin the medical journal Arthroscopy, documented improvement with Stem Cell Injections in patients with knee osteoarthritis. They noted significant reduction in pain, significant improvement in function, and MRI documented cartilage growth.6
The area of injury or arthritis is treated with both stem cells and platelet rich plasma (PRP). If stem cells are the seeds in the lawn, PRP is the fertilizer that helps the lawn grow. PRP, a combination of growth factors and platelets naturally found in the body, provides cell signals and nourishment to help the stem cells flourish and develop into new joints, ligaments, tendons, and other body parts. PRP not only triggers stem cell development, but can also help stem cells regenerate on their own inside the body, and can also attract circulating stem cells to the area of injury. We have used PRP alone in the treatment of many injuries and pain problems.
Most cases of stem cell and PRP treatments are successful, and avoid the pain, disability, down time, and risk associated with major surgery. There is minimal recovery from a stem cell or PRP treatment, usually mediated by soreness in the area that was treated, and there is also a risk of bruising. There have been no reports of serious adverse effects in the scientific literature when adult mesenchymal stem cells are used in these procedures. Afterwards, the patient is encouraged to use the joint normally, and follow up treatments of PRP are given in monthly intervals to continue to allow the stem cells to do their work. Since stem cell treatment is very safe, it can be repeated in the joint if necessary to obtain optimal results. Also, having treatment with stem cells would not make a person ineligible for surgery.
This short video shows one of our patients with severe arthritis and pain in both of his knees. Everyday life, including walking and stairs was painful, and performing any exercise was extremely difficult. Now he is about 3 months after stem cell treatment of both knees, performed at the same time, with minimal recovery, and now look at what he can do!!!
We have had the opportunity to treat anyone from professional athletes to patients who have suffered for decades with chronic pain, and invite you to schedule a consultation with us to see how we can help you.
1 Li M, Luo X, Lv X, et al. In vivo human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cell tracking after intra-articular delivery in a rat osteoarthritis model. Stem Cell Research & Therapy. 2016;7:160. doi:10.1186/s13287-016-0420-2.
2 Cui G-H, Wang YY, Li C-J, Shi C-H, Wang W-S. Efficacy of mesenchymal stem cells in treating patients with osteoarthritis of the knee: A meta-analysis. Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine. 2016;12(5):3390-3400. doi:10.3892/etm.2016.3791.
3 Kopka M, Bradley JP. The Use of Biologic Agents in Athletes with Knee Injuries. J Knee Surg. 2016 May 20.
4Nyland J, Mattocks A, Kibbe S, Kalloub A, Greene JW, Caborn DNM. Anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction, rehabilitation, and return to play: 2015 update.Open Access Journal of Sports Medicine. 2016;7:21-32. doi:10.2147/OAJSM.S72332.
5Seol D et al. Characteristics of meniscus progenitor cells migrated from injured meniscus. J Orthop Res. 2016 Nov 3. doi: 10.1002/jor.23472.
6Koh YG, Jo SB, Kwon OR, Suh DS, Lee SW, Park SH, Choi YJ. Mesenchymal Stem Cell Injections Improve Symptoms of Knee Osteoarthritis. Arthroscopy. 2013 Jan 29. pii: S0749-8063(12)01884-1.
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February 8, 2017 by Mirabai Vogt-James The new protocol turned 90 percent of human pluripotent stem cells into somite cells in just four days; those somite cells then generated (left to right) cartilage, bone and muscle cells. Credit: UCLA Broad Stem Cell Research Center/Cell Reports
Adding just the right mixture of signaling moleculesproteins involved in developmentto human stem cells can coax them to resemble somites, which are groups of cells that give rise to skeletal muscles, bones, and cartilage in developing embryos. The somites-in-a-dish then have the potential to generate these cell types in the lab, according to new research led by senior author April Pyle at the Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research at UCLA.
Pluripotent stem cells, by definition, can become any type of cell in the body, but researchers have struggled to guide them to produce certain tissues, including muscle. In developing human embryos, muscle cellsas well as the bone and cartilage of vertebrae and ribs, among other cell typesarise from small clusters of cells called somites.
Researchers have studied how somites develop in animals and identified the molecules that seem to be an important part of that process in animals. But when scientists have tried to use those molecules to coax human stem cells to generate somites, the protocols have been inefficient.
The scientists isolated the minuscule developing human somites and measured expression levels of different genes both before and after the somites were fully formed. For each gene that changed levels during the process, the researchers tested whether adding molecules to boost or suppress the function of that gene in human pluripotent stem cells helped push the cells to become somite-like. They found that the optimal mixture of molecules in humans was different than what had been tried in animals. Using the new combination, they could turn 90 percent of human stem cells into somite cells in just four days.
The scientists followed the cells over the next four weeks and determined that they were indeed able to generate cells including skeletal muscle, bone and cartilage that normally develop from somites.
The new protocol to create somite-like cells from human pluripotent stem cells opens the door to researchers who want to make muscle, bone and cartilage cells in the lab. Pyle's group plans to study how to use muscle cells generated from the new somites to treat Duchenne muscular dystrophy, a severe form of muscle degeneration that currently does not have a cure.
Explore further: Gene key for chemically reprogramming human stem cells
More information: Haibin Xi et al. In Vivo Human Somitogenesis Guides Somite Development from hPSCs, Cell Reports (2017). DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2017.01.040
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Researchers turn stem cells into somites, precursors to skeletal muscle, cartilage and bone - Medical Xpress
NASHVILLE, Tenn. (WKRN) Former Titan Tim Shaws fight against ALS took him to Israel this week for a stem cell transplant.
A month ago, Shaw went to Jerusalem where he had stem cells harvested from his body at the Hadassah Medical Center in Ein Kerem.
In a Twitter video, he says those cells were then purified, replicated and injected back into his spine Tuesday morning.
Shaw was one of 800 people to apply for the trial, but was one of only 30 selected for it thanks to the persistence of his friend Katura Horton-Perinchief who says she called every day until they just got tired of hearing from her.
Shaw said he is optimistic that good things are ahead after the procedure and Horton-Perinchief said the procedure went well Tuesday morning.
This is the second clinical trial for Shaw. He was part of a group treated at Vanderbilt University Medical Center, but was a part of the placebo group.
Shaws struggle with ALS has been a public one since he announced it in August of 2014. He recently wrote a book titled Blitz Your Life.
Hes expected to be back in Nashville Thursday.
RELATED: Titans sign Tim Shaw to 1-day contract as he fights ALS
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Tim Shaw undergoes stem cell transplant in Israel | WKRN News 2 - WKRN.com
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Cellect Biotechnology Ltd. (Nasdaq: APOP), a developer of stem cells selection technology, today announces that it has treated the first blood cancer patient in the recently initiated Phase I/II trial of its stem cell technology ApoGraft.
The trial is intended to assess the Cellect ApoGraft process which is designed to prevent Graft-versus-Host Disease (GvHD), a common complication associated with stem cell transplant in which the transplanted immune cells attack the recipient's body cells and organs. GvHD is a life-threatening condition occurring in up to 50% of stem cell transplants. In this trial, the company will be testing stem cells transplanted from a matched donor related to the patient.
Referring to the trial on healthy volunteers, the company plans to release definitive and complete results of this trial before the end of Q1 this year.
Cellect CEO, Shai Yarkoni commented, Enrolling our first cancer patient to be treated using our groundbreaking method is a critical milestone for millions of patients worldwide. ApoGraft has been proven to be effective in assisting successful stem cells transplants and preventing GvHD during our animal studies. I am excited with prospects of Cellect becoming a key contributor to the fast-growing market for stem cells based products enabling 21st century regenerative medicine.
The study is being conducted at the Department of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Rambam Medical Center, Haifa, Israel. The primary objective of the trial is to assess the safety and tolerability of ApoGraft administered to patients with hematological malignancies undergoing allogeneic stem cell transplantation from a matched related donor.
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Cellect Biotechnology (APOP) Says It Treated First Blood Cancer Patient in Phase I/II Trial of ApoGraft - StreetInsider.com