Category Archives: Stem Cell Medicine


Andres Isaias Combining Innovation and Excellence – Influencive

Andres Isaias is a fearless Miami-born and Guayaquil, Ecuador-bred entrepreneur who is becoming known for spearheading innovation and building growth-oriented businesses in a multitude of industries.

He is currently the President of RESTEM, LLC, a biotechnology outfit using its stem cell therapeutics in a clinical study with COVID-19 patients, and the force behind ANDIAN, an ultra-high-end residential development group founded in 2020.

While he began his career reviving struggling businesses, he is entering 2021 with an eye on the future of both innovative medicine and the booming Miami real estate market.

Since 2012, Andres Isaias has led RESTEM, LLC, a cutting-edge biotechnology company that has created patented technology for stem cell extraction and proliferation. RESTEM is dedicated to the discovery and development of cell-based therapeutics that aid in the treatment of human degenerative diseases such as autoimmune disorders, and other severe illnesses.

RESTEMs core focus is on helping improve the quality of life for individuals struggling with illness. The unique properties of its patented cell technology, which includes cGMP stem cells, make it an ideal donor to clinical studies, which RESTEM has been proud to participate in, emerging as a major contributor to cell-based therapy treatments.

In May 2020, RESTEM received approval from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration for a 60-patient study using umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells in order to look at whether this may be a safe and effective treatment for patients hospitalized with severe cases of COVID-19.

The randomized, placebo-controlled, and blinded study, the first of its kind in the U.S., is a collaborative effort between multiple institutions including RESTEM, Florida International University Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Baptist Health South Florida, and Sanford Health.

In 2020, Andres Isaias started ANDIAN, an ultra-high-end residential development company. ANDIAN recently sold the third-highest priced per-square-foot single-family home in the history of South Beach, Florida.

Andres Isaias launched his professional career in 2006, at a then-defunct insurance company called Rocafuerte Seguros in Guayaquil, Ecuador. During his time at the company, Isaias spearheaded the rebranding and relaunch of Rocafuerte Seguros, transforming it into a top-5 national insurance company that provided life and general insurance in the private and public sector.

Rocafuerte Seguros became known for creating and providing innovative insurance solutions that were customized according to the characteristics and needs of each client. The companys Life and Medical Assistance plans include additional services such as discounts in pharmacies, ambulance services, and agreements with Ecuadors hospitals and clinics. Rocafuerte Seguros technical department, together with its international advisors, performed risk inspections to obtain general recommendations to better ensure and assist its clients.

The Rocafuerte Seguros customer service system was among the most agile and capable in Ecuadors insurance market, with a comprehensive after-sales service that solves any customer need that may arise. The company was backed by leading international reinsurance companies, along with having total autonomy to process claims, policy issues, and billing. Rocafuerte Seguros always sought to generate trust and protection for its policyholders, especially Ecuadors underserved populations.

In 2011, Andres Isaias founded ENREMA, LLC to operate and manage a natural gas production project in the counties of Morgan, Fentress, and Pickett in Tennessee. When the price of gas fell, ENREMA shifted its focus from the production of gas to oil, performing experiments with liquid nitrogen to ultimately exponentially increase its oil production.

In August 2013, ENREMA discovered a new oil field in Fentress County, Tennessee where the company proceeded to drill 13 wells. In November 2014, ENREMA acquired 710 wells, positioning ENREMA as the biggest operator in Tennessee both by well and acreage count. ENREMA is presently the largest privately-held oil and gas operator in the state of Tennessee.

By 2018, ENREMA became the top oil producer in the state of Tennessee, by then acquiring and drilling over 800 oil and gas wells, which are carefully monitored to ensure a safe and environmentally friendly business practice. ENREMA is headquartered in Miami, Florida, and has operational offices in Sunbright, Tennessee.

As a teenager, Andres won the Guayaquil Junior Karting championship, following in the footsteps of his father, who was once a Pan-American and National Karting champion. Andres also played squash in Ecuador, where he was a ranked player.

As a boarding school student at Portsmouth Abbey School in Rhode Island, Andres was part of the schools squash team and placed in the top 16 in New Englands high school squash championship.

After graduating high school, Andres Isaias attended Tulane University in New Orleans, Louisiana, graduating in 2005 with a dual bachelors degree a Bachelor of Science with a Finance and Management double major, and a Bachelor of Engineering Science, with a minor in Math. Andres also spent a semester abroad studying at the Universidad Complutense in Madrid, Spain.

Andres is an avid technical certified diver and has participated in over 1,500 dives, including dives over 350 feet deep. He is also certified in cave-diving and has participated in cave dives of over 5,000 feet of penetration.

Whether spearheading the relaunch of a defunct company, discovering and enhancing the production of natural resources, developing new stem-cell technologies to help heal disease or building homes for the future of Miami, Andres Isaias has shown the people of Ecuador and the United States that he is able to shape and impact the future with his tireless work, vision, and drive.

Today, Andres lives in Miami Beach where he loves to spend his days with his daughter, Dylan.

Read more about Isaias family: Isaias Dassum Health Fund, Isaias Brother: Roberto and William Isaias

Published April 17th, 2021

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Andres Isaias Combining Innovation and Excellence - Influencive

A Massive New Gene Editing Project Is Out to Crush Alzheimer’s – Singularity Hub

When it comes to Alzheimers versus science, science is on the losing side.

Alzheimers is cruel in the most insidious way. The disorder creeps up in some aging brains, gradually eating away at their ability to think and reason, whittling down their grasp on memories and reality. As the worlds population ages, Alzheimers is rearing its ugly head at a shocking rate. And despite decades of research, we have no treatmentnot to mention a cure.

Too much of a downer? The National Institutes of Health (NIH) agrees. In one of the most ambitious projects in biology, the NIH is corralling Alzheimers and stem cell researchers to come together in the largest genome editing project ever conceived.

The idea is simple: decades of research have found certain genes that seem to increase the chance of Alzheimers and other dementias. The numbers range over hundreds. Figuring out how each connects or influences anotherif at alltakes years of research in individual labs. What if scientists unite, tap into a shared resource, and collectively solve the case of why Alzheimers occurs in the first place?

The initiatives secret weapon is induced pluripotent stem cells, or iPSCs. Similar to most stem cells, they have the ability to transform into anythinga cellular Genie, if you will. iPSCs are reborn from regular adult cells, such as skin cells. When transformed into a brain cell, however, they carry the original genes of their donor, meaning that they harbor the original persons genetic legacyfor example, his or her chance of developing Alzheimers in the first place. What if we introduce Alzheimers-related genes into these reborn stem cells, and watch how they behave?

By studying these iPSCs, we might be able to follow clues that lead to the genetic causes of Alzheimers and other dementiaspaving the road for gene therapies to nip them in the bud.

The iPSC Neurodegenerative Disease Initiative (iNDI) is set to do just that. The project aims to stimulate, accelerate, and support research that will lead to the development of improved treatments and preventions for these diseases, the NIH said. All resulting datasets will be openly shared online, for anyone to mine and interpret.

In plain language? Lets throw all of our new biotech superstarswith CRISPR at the forefrontinto a concerted effort against Alzheimers, to finally gain the upper hand. Its an Avengers, assemble moment towards one of our toughest foesone that seeks to destroy our own minds from within.

Alzheimers disease was first recognized in the early 1900s. Ever since, scientists have strived to find the cause that makes a brain waste away.

The most prominent idea today is the amyloid hypothesis. Imagine a horror movie inside a haunted house with ghosts that gradually intensify in their haunting. Thats the amyloid horrora protein that gradually but silently builds up inside a neuron, the house, eventually stripping it of its normal function and leading to the death of anything inside. Subsequent studies also found other toxic proteins that hang around outside the neuron house that gradually poison the molecular tenants within.

For decades scientists have thought that the best approach to beat these ghosts was an exorcismthat is, to get rid of these toxic proteins. Yet in trial after trial, they failed. The failure rate for Alzheimers treatmentso far, 100 percenthas led some to call treatment efforts a graveyard of dreams.

Its pretty obvious we need new ideas.

A few years ago, two hotshots strolled into town. One is CRISPR, the wunderkind genetic sharpshooter that can snip way, insert, or swap out a gene or two (or more). The other is iPSCs, induced pluripotent stem cells, which are reborn from adult cells through a chemical bath.

The two together can emulate Dementia 2.0 in a dish.

For example, using CRISPR, scientists can easily insert genes related to Alzheimers, or its protection, into an iPSCeither that from a healthy donor, or someone with a high risk of dementia, and observe what happens. A brain cell is like a humming metropolitan area, with proteins and other molecules whizzing around. Adding in a dose of pro-Alzheimers genes, for example, could block up traffic with gunk, leading scientists to figure out how those genes fit into the larger Alzheimers picture. For the movie buffs out there, its like adding into a cell a gene for Godzilla and another for King Kong. You know both could mess things up, but only by watching what happens in a cell can you know for sure.

Individual labs have tried the approach since iPSCs were invented, but theres a problem. Because iPSCs inherit the genetic baseline of a person, it makes it really difficult for scientists in different labs to evaluate whether a gene is causing Alzheimers, or if it was just a fluke because of the donors particular genetic makeup.

The new iNDI plan looks to standardize everything. Using CRISPR, theyll add in more than 100 genes linked to Alzheimers and related dementias into iPSCs from a wide variety of ethnically diverse healthy donors. The result is a huge genome engineering project, leading to an entire library of cloned cells that carry mutations that could lead to Alzheimers.

In other words, rather than studying cells from people with Alzheimers, lets try to give normal, healthy brain cells Alzheimers by injecting them with genes that could contribute to the disorder. If you view genes as software code, then its possible to insert code that potentially drives Alzheimers into those cells through gene editing. Execute the program, and youll be able to observe how the neurons behave.

The project comes in two phases. The first focuses on mass-engineering cells edited with CRISPR. The second is thoroughly analyzing these resulting cells: for example, their genetics, how their genes activate, what sorts of proteins they carry, how those proteins interact, and so on.

By engineering disease-causing mutations in a set of well-characterized, genetically diverse iPSCs, the project is designed to ensure reproducibility of data across laboratories and to explore the effect of natural variation in dementia, said Dr. Bill Skarnes, director of cellular engineering at the Jackson Laboratory, and a leader of the project.

iNDI is the kind of initiative thats only possible with our recent biotech boost. Engineering hundreds of cells related to Alzheimersand to share with scientists globallywas a pipe dream just two decades ago.

To be clear, the project doesnt just generate individual cells. It uses CRISPR to make cell lines, or entire lineages of cells with the Alzheimers gene that can pass on to the next generation. And thats their power: they can be shared with labs around the world, to further hone in on genes that could make the largest impact on the disorder. Phase two of iNDI is even more powerful, in that it digs into the inner workings of these cells to generate a cheat codea sheet of how their genes and proteins behave.

Together, the project does the hard work of building a universe of Alzheimers-related cells, each outfitted with a gene that could make an impact on dementia. These types of integrative analyses are likely to lead to interesting and actionable discoveries that no one approach would be able to learn in isolation, the authors wrote. It provides the best chance at truly understanding Alzheimers and related diseases, and promising treatment possibilities.

Image Credit: Gerd Altmann from Pixabay

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A Massive New Gene Editing Project Is Out to Crush Alzheimer's - Singularity Hub

Mucopolysaccharidosis (MPS) Treatment Market Is Rising With Post COVID-19 Impact Analysis, Development, CAGR – Global Banking And Finance Review

A market study presented by FMIMucopolysaccharidosis Treatment Market: Global Industry Analysis 2014-2018 and Opportunity Assessment 2019-2029, explains the significant factors influencing the current market structure.

According to research, the mucopolysaccharidosis treatment is still emerging, and different geographies have implemented standard treatment options for the condition. However, there is no universally accepted treatment pattern for mucopolysaccharidosis. Mucopolysaccharidosis falls under rare diseases, which is a complex, diverse, constantly evolving field, and there is a significant shortage of medical and scientific data related to it. Mucopolysaccharidosis treatment and diagnosis involves complex managing requirements, which include long-term care, rehabilitation support, and a continuous treatment plan.

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Research Activities Uplift Stem Cell Therapy Application in MPS Treatment

In the present scenario, the drugs that are considered for mucopolysaccharidosis treatment, such as aldurazyme, naglazyme, vimizim, elaprase, mepsevii and hunterase, are the only regulated and recommended drugs present in the market. These drugs fall under enzyme replacement therapies, however, with present research initiatives for stem cell therapies, the latter is considered a prominent mucopolysaccharidosis treatment. Clinical research shows that stem cell transplantation covers a large area that is not covered with the more frequently recommended practice of enzyme replacement therapies, which changes the current market structure for mucopolysaccharidosis treatment, prioritising the latter.

Stem cell therapy is a therapeutic option for mucopolysaccharidosis patients suffering from a severe phenotype, as research shows the method can preserve neurocognition or can even help break the progressive neurodegeneration. The method is provided with strict selection criteria, which is followed by maintained regulations. Research shows that stem cell therapy as a treatment option is gaining popularity among healthcare professionals for mucopolysaccharidosis treatment, which can be attributed to the relation of its better reach towards a normal health condition for the patient.

Preview Analysis Global Mucopolysaccharidosis (MPS) Treatment Market Segmentationby Treatment Type (Enzyme Replacement Therapies,Stem Cell Therapies,Bone Marrow Transplantation (BMT),Umbilical Cord Blood Transplantation (UCBT),By Type of MPS (MPS I, MPS II, MPS IV A, MPS VI, MPS VII);By End User (Hospital,Specialty Clinics,Medical Research Centers,Home-infusion):https://www.futuremarketinsights.com/reports/mucopolysaccharidosis-treatment-market

Enzyme Replacement Therapy Remains Lucrative for Market Investors

As per further assessments of the mucopolysaccharidosis treatment market, it has been difficult to collect epidemiological data pertaining to rare diseases, especially mucopolysaccharidosis treatment, which is likely to impede the actual estimation of the economic burden associated with the condition. The cost estimation for each mucopolysaccharidosis treatment type is affecting and, in turn, creating a more vulnerable situation for the businesses and disrupting research & development activities for each company.

Enzyme replacement therapy is the most attractive segment for investors, however, the unavailability of reimbursement plans and precise treatment plans is encouraging most patient in developing regions to opt for symptomatic treatments instead of enzyme replacement therapy, which is still considered to be the standard mucopolysaccharidosis treatment.

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Key Players Focus on Clinical Research of Treatment Models

The report segments the mucopolysaccharidosis treatment market into seven regions to elaborate on the regional trends pertaining to the treatment plan. Major players are focusing on increasing their market share in the Asia Pacific market through strategic collaborations with regional research institutes. There is a lack of awareness about rare diseases among the general public as well as in medical healthcare facilities in several emerging economies. According to a survey and industry report, it takes patients in the US an average of 7.6 years and patients in the UK an average of 5.6 years to actually receive a proper diagnosis. Moreover, it involves a team of healthcare professionals to actually get the right mucopolysaccharidosis treatment and diagnosis pattern for reported cases.

Manufacturers are in the process of introducing a considerable number of mucopolysaccharidosis treatment options, which are currently under clinical trials. An estimated 160 and above clinical trials are being performed for mucopolysaccharidosis treatment. Thus, ensuring that the manufacturers take this mucopolysaccharidosis treatment market to be lucrative and potential rich in terms of revenue. Medical research institutes play an important role in this particular market. They are expected to be the bridge between treatment plans and economical solutions for manufacturers, thus leaving an explicable and lucrative model for mucopolysaccharidosis treatment.

The mucopolysaccharidosis treatment market includes companies such as BioMarin Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Sanofi S.A., and Ultragenyx Pharmaceutical Inc. BioMarin accounts for a significant value share in the present mucopolysaccharidosis treatment market. The currently existing promising drug types are expected to face competition from emerging candidates. In addition the mucopolysaccharidosis treatment products of other companies, such as Sangamo Therapeutics, Inc., REGENXBIO Inc., Sarepta Therapeutics, Abeona Therapeutics, Inc., and others, are also in the pipeline.

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Mucopolysaccharidosis (MPS) Treatment Market Is Rising With Post COVID-19 Impact Analysis, Development, CAGR - Global Banking And Finance Review

Antibiotic Use Prior to Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation May Be Linked to Graft Vs Host Disease – Hematology Advisor

Patterns of graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) in patients who received antibiotics prior to undergoing allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) were examined in a retrospective analysis, which revealed a possible link between GVHD and pretransplant glycopeptide antibiotic therapy. Results of the analysis were recently published in the journal Hematology.

The study investigators noted that fecal microbial population may influence GVHD in patients who receive allogeneic HSCT and also that patients with hematologic malignancies are often treated for febrile neutropenia with antibiotics before allogeneic HSCT. The researchers undertook this analysis to examine any relationship between pretransplant antibiotic use and GVHD.

The analysis was conducted using data from patients with hematologic malignancies who received allogeneic HSCT at Chungnam National University Hospital in Daejeon, South Korea. Pretransplant antibiotic use was characterized by receipt of antibiotic therapy prior to conditioning chemotherapy.

A total of 131 patients were evaluated, with more than half (58%) having acute myeloid leukemia. Acute lymphoblastic leukemia, myelodysplastic syndrome, and chronic myeloid leukemia were also represented. GVHD prophylaxis had been given to all patients, with each receiving methotrexate in combination with either cyclosporine or tacrolimus and with or without antithymocyte globulin.

Pretransplant antibiotic therapy for febrile neutropenia or infection consisted of cefepime in 87.0% of the total patients, piperacillin/tazobactam in 66.4%, glycopeptide in 53.4%, and carbapenem in 38.9%.

Glycopeptide use prior to transplant showed a possible link to extensive chronic GVHD, occurring at a 5-year cumulative incidence of 51.1% in patients who received it, compared with 28.1% of those who did not (P =.026). Chronic GVHD of the lung also occurred more with glycopeptide use (34.8% at 5 years) than without it (15.8%; P =.028). Glycopeptide use was not linked to statistically significant impacts on overall survival, relapse-free survival, or GVHD-free survival.

Carbapenem and glycopeptide use showed nonsignificant trends of higher incidence of grade 3 to 4 acute GVHD. With chronic GVHD, severity was not linked to pretransplant use of any of the examined antibiotic agents.

The study investigators concluded that pretransplant glycopeptide treatment may be associated with extensive chronic GVHD and that lungs appeared especially susceptible. They indicated that in patients undergoing allogeneic HSCT who receive pretransplant glycopeptide, monitoring for extensive chronic GVHD is warranted.

Reference

Lee MW, Yeon SH, Heo BY, et al. Impact of pre-transplant use of antibiotics on the graft-versus-host disease in adult patients with hematological malignancies. Hematology. 2021;26(1):96-102. doi:10.1080/16078454.2021.1872957

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Antibiotic Use Prior to Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation May Be Linked to Graft Vs Host Disease - Hematology Advisor

The Recovery Room: News beyond the pandemic April 16 – Medical News Today

The coronavirus pandemic has dominated the headlines and our daily lives for over a year. Medical News Today has covered this fast-moving, complex story with live updates about the latest news, interviews with experts, and an ongoing investigation into the deep racial disparities that COVID-19 has helped unmask.

However, this has not stopped us from publishing hundreds of fascinating stories on a myriad of other topics.

We begin this weeks Recovery Room with new findings of research into Parkinsons disease that may also have wider implications for the treatment of other neurodegenerative diseases and cancer.

Next comes a detailed exploration of the role that carbohydrates play in the development of diabetes. Its a complex picture, and a low carb diet may not be the panacea that some claim it to be.

We also have two reports about the influence of artificial intelligence (AI) on medical research, as well as articles covering breakthroughs in HIV prevention, sickle cell disease reversal, and heart tissue regeneration.

Finally, we look at research confirming that a steady income is good for self-confidence but may have a minimal effect on feelings about other people.

We highlight this research below, along with several other recent stories that you may have missed amid all the COVID-19 fervor.

We begin with the most-read article of the past week, with more than 124,000 page views: our report on new insights into a biochemical pathway that drives Parkinsons disease. The discovery may help scientists develop treatments for this disease, as well as type 2 diabetes and cancer.

Parkin is a protein that plays a key role in maintaining cellular energy by removing damaged mitochondria, a process known as mitophagy. The new research indicates that the biochemical pathway that activates Parkin is shorter than previously thought, which helps explain how Parkin triggers mitophagy within minutes of cellular distress occurring.

Type 2 diabetes, cancer, and some neurodegenerative diseases stem from metabolic dysregulation in damaged mitochondria, so the Parkin pathway is likely to have a role in their progression, too.

Click below to learn more about how drugs developed to treat diabetes may also be used to treat Parkinsons, or click here to visit our new Parkinsons disease resource page.

Learn more here.

Our new article exploring the role that carbohydrates play in diabetes was also very popular, with over 117,000 page views so far this week.

First, our editors looked at the relationship between carb consumption, insulin, and blood sugar. They also explored how many carbs a person with diabetes should consume, good carbs, foods to include in the diet and foods to avoid, and the effects of specific diets, including a low carb diet.

The takeaway is that not all carbs are bad for a person with diabetes, but the focus should be on healthy, whole foods rather than processed foods and those high in refined sugars.

Learn more here.

Good nutrition is important at every stage of life. This week, we published a new article on the critical role of nutrition in a childs brain development, especially in the first 3 years.

Our editors first list a variety of healthy brain foods. They then share ideas for breakfasts that may help a child stay focused at school and snacks for children to try while studying. Click the link below to see the variety of foods and nutrients that should be part of every childs diet.

Learn more here.

A reliable HIV vaccine has been difficult to develop because there are so many strains of the virus, around 50 million, according to one researcher involved in a new phase 1 clinical trial.

The new course of vaccines is designed to activatebroadly neutralizing antibodies (bnAbs) that target a wide variety of HIV strains. Only one very rare type of immune cell is able to produce bnAbs, and the vaccine activated these naive B cells in 97% of participants who received it, according to the researchers.

This novel technique could also be used to make vaccines for other diseases that have proven challenging for vaccine developers, including malaria, influenza, and hepatitis C.

Learn more here.

Two of this weeks articles highlighted how AI is being deployed to aid medical research.

First, we described ways that researchers are using powerful learning algorithms to model and predict how proteins behave in human cells. Existing AI technology used to process natural language was adapted to see if it could also predict protein language and expression.

The researchers made the technique available on a new web application, linked to in our article, that allows scientists to submit a protein sequence and view its predicted behavior.

Learn more here.

We also reported on how AI is being used to analyse the brain scans of thousands of people with multiple sclerosis (MS) in an effort to learn more about the disease.

The AI program, called SuStaIn, performed an unsupervised analysis of the brain scans and detected patterns that might otherwise have been missed. As a result, three new subtypes of the disease were identified, each presenting as different types of abnormalities in the brain.

These subtypes could be used to predict a persons response to different treatments. If this finding is supported by more clinical research, it could help ensure that the correct therapy is given at the correct time.

Learn more here.

This week, we reported on a new study that concludes that a drug that appears to reverse sickle cell disease in mice is safe for humans. The drug candidate, called FTX-6058, restored the ability to produce fetal hemoglobin.

Around 1 in 365 Black people in the U.S. are born with sickle cell disease, which is relatively rare in white people. Currently, the only cure is a stem cell or bone marrow transplant, but these are very risky. FTX-6058 will now be used in a phase 2 clinical trial that includes people with sickle cell disease, for the first time, by the end of this year.

Learn more here.

Unlike humans, adult zebra fish regenerate their hearts and other organs after injury. Until recently, the way that they do this has been unclear, but researchers are now looking more closely at the role that a protein called KLF1 plays in this remarkable ability.

Inhibiting the gene for KLF1 severely limited the ability of zebra fish to regenerate heart tissue. Investigating the role of KLF1 in human hearts will require much more work, but if the protein can help regenerate heart tissue after an injury in humans, it could be a game-changer in the treatment of heart disease.

Learn more here.

April is National Autism Awareness Month, and last weeks Recovery Room featured the experience of a parent who established a school following the diagnosis of her sons autism.

This week, MNT reported on a new approach to assessing autism spectrum disorder that focuses more on proficiency and growth than deficits in a childs development. Changing the narrative in this way could help develop a more constructive and holistic way to understand each childs unique requirements and help with the selection of therapies and interventions.

This approach is also better able to account for factors such as household income and other elements of social context, compared with measuring a childs progress against a rigid set of outcomes.

Learn more here.

Finally, this week, we reported on what claims to be the first study into the emotional benefits of living with a secure income. This large study tracked the emotional responses of 1.6 million people in 162 countries.

Its key findings are that people with a steady income are more likely to feel confident and proud of themselves and that these feelings can persist for decades. However, making more money did not appear to strengthen positive feelings about others, and nor did it affect feelings such as anger.

According to this research, earnings are only linked to some inward-facing emotions, so a societys affluence may not have as strong an influence on community harmony as policymakers might expect.

Learn more here.

We hope that this weeks Recovery Room has provided a taste of the stories that we cover atMNT. We will be back with a new selection next week.

We publish hundreds of new stories and features every month. Here are some upcoming articles that may pique our readers interests:

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The Recovery Room: News beyond the pandemic April 16 - Medical News Today

The Governments Watchful Eye on Fraud Stemming from Stem Cell Therapy – JD Supra

Stem cell therapy, also known as regenerative medicine, has been around for decades, but in recent years, the use of and interest in stem cell therapy has increased exponentially. The dramatic utilization of stem cell therapy, and the increasing government spend related to these novel techniques, have now caught the eye of federal regulators and prosecutors. In this client alert, we profile some brief context of stem cell therapy, the governments regulations governing these techniques, and some of the best practices for those interested in this emerging space.

Stem cells are cells from which all other cells with specialized functions are generated (i.e., the bodys raw materials). Stem cells may duplicate themselves to create more stem cells or they may generate cells with a specific function like blood or brain cells.

Stem cell therapy is used to repair or replace damaged tissue or cells within the body. Many in the medical community are hopeful that stem cell therapy can be used to treat a wide array of conditions and diseases from multiple sclerosis to vision loss to traumatic spinal cord injuries to Lou Gehrigs disease just to name a few.

The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) oversees and regulates stem cell therapy treatments. While the FDA has acknowledged that stem cell therapy has the potential to treat diseases or conditions for which few treatments exist, there are still only a few treatments that have actually been approved by the FDA. Many treatments are still only in early investigatory stages.

The FDA has recognized the massive potential that stem cell therapy has in allowing patients treatments for various conditions. Consequently, in 2017, the FDA issued guidance indicating its intent to exercise enforcement discretion as a means to support and expedite the development of regenerative medicine products. This enforcement discretion period was to allow innovators time to determine whether to submit an Investigational New Drug (IND) or marketing application and, if such an application is needed, to prepare and submit the application as appropriate. The FDA, however, has made clear its enforcement discretion policy only applies to products that do not raise potential significant safety concerns. What the FDA considers significant is debatable, creating uncertainty and ambiguity for those who might be relying on the FDAs enforcement discretion period.

Initially, the FDA stated that its enforcement discretion period would last through November 2020. But in July 2020, the FDA extended its enforcement discretion period through May 2021 a fast-arriving date. It remains unclear whether the FDA intends to extend the time period of its enforcement discretion any further, but either way, stem cell therapy providers would be well-served by planning for and expecting enforcement efforts to ramp up in the near future.

In 2019, the FDA went to great lengths to warn consumers of the potential fraud that may arise from what it called stem cell therapy hype, and encouraged consumers to make sure any stem cell therapy treatments were either approved or being studied as an IND. The FDAs concerns have led to multiple enforcement actions, including one just last month. On February 1, 2021, for example, the government announced the indictment of Ashton Derges, a healthcare provider in Missouri, who marketed stem cell shots as a successful treatment for various conditions, including COVID-19. According to the indictment, Derges was paid nearly $200,000 by patients for the stem cell shots, none of which actually contained stem cells at all. While this alleged fraud was not particularly sophisticated, it nonetheless marked a significant development: the governments first criminal prosecution of those touting stem cell therapies.

But blatant fraud is not the only type of stem cell therapy case the government has expressed interest in investigating. A primary concern of the government is the marketing and use of unproven stem cell treatments as miracle cures. A good case study of the risks associated with aggressive marketing of stem cell therapy is a case out of Florida involving US Stem Cell Clinic Inc. The clinic was marketing stem cell therapy to treat conditions and diseases such as Parkinsons disease, stroke, and brain injuries none of which were approved by the FDA. And, much of the marketing that US Stem Cell Clinic used promised almost miraculous results. As a result, last year, the FDA successfully permanently enjoined the US Stem Cell Clinic from selling or providing those stem cell therapy treatments. Notably, this case was pursued by the FDA despite the FDA explicitly stating its intent to be lenient with emerging stem cell therapy treatments.

Stem cell therapy is a groundbreaking medical tool with great possibilities to treat a plethora of diseases and conditions. As the industry continues to expand, so will the governments interest. Our firm continues to see an uptick in cases involving stem cell therapy treatments. And we have successfully assisted clients in avoiding unnecessary scrutiny by the FDA and other government regulators.

If you are in the stem cell therapy industry or are considering offering stem cell therapy treatments, we recommend that you:

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The Governments Watchful Eye on Fraud Stemming from Stem Cell Therapy - JD Supra

Uprooting Cancer: Innovative Hydrogel Rapidly Reverts Cancer Cells Back to Cancer Stem Cells – SciTechDaily

The cancer stem cells cultured on the DN gel formed a tumor when injected into mice brain. Credit: Jun Suzuka et al., Nature Biomedical Engineering, March 29, 2021

A hydrogel, a type of soft matter, developed at Hokkaido University successfully reverted cancer cells back to cancer stem cells within 24 hours, in six different human cancer types. This could lead to the development of anti-cancer stem cell drugs and personalized medicines.

An innovative hydrogel called a double network (DN) gel can rapidly reprogram differentiated cancer cells into cancer stem cells, researchers at Hokkaido University and the National Cancer Center Research Institute have reported in the journal Nature Biomedical Engineering. The hydrogel can be used to help develop new cancer therapies and personalized medicines targeting cancer stem cells.

Cancer is the leading cause of death in developed countries, and more than 8.6 million people die from cancer annually worldwide. Despite the advancement of treatments, the 5-year survival rate of patients with advanced-stage cancer remains low. One reason is that cancer tissues contain cancer stem cells, which are resistant to chemotherapies and radiotherapies. These cells can hide as roots or circulate in the body, causing cancer recurrence.

Cancer stem cells are a major target for anti-cancer drugs, but they are difficult to identify because they are present in very small numbers in cancer tissues, explained Professor Shinya Tanaka of Hokkaido Universitys Faculty of Medicine. Understanding the molecular mechanisms of cancer stem cells is crucial for developing better cancer treatments.

Cancer stem cells require a very specific microenvironment. In this study, the research team investigated whether their DN gel could recreate the right conditions to induce cancer stem cells. The DN gel consists of a network of two chemicals and incorporates a high volume of water, giving it soft and wet characteristics resembling biological tissues.

In the study, the DN gel rapidly reprogrammed differentiated cancer cells into cancer stem cells in just 24 hours in six different human cancer cell lines brain cancer, uterine cancer, lung cancer, colon cancer, bladder cancer, and sarcoma. After cancer cells were placed on the DN gel, they started to form spherical structures and produce specific molecules known to be markers of cancer stem cells such as SOX2 and Oct3/4, aka Yamanaka factors, named after the Nobel Prize laureate, suggesting they had been reprogrammed.

Human brain cancer cells cultured on the DN gel expressed a stem cell marker protein SOX 2 (green). Credit: Jun Suzuka et al., Nature Biomedical Engineering, March 29, 2021

The researchers also uncovered some of the molecular mechanisms involved in cancer cell reprogramming. They found that calcium channel receptors and the protein osteopontin were essential for the induction of cancer stem cells. They also found that brain cancer cells from a patient that had been cultured on the DN gel produced receptors called platelet-derived growth factor receptors. By adding a molecular inhibitor of these receptors, they were able to target and eradicate the cancer stem cells, suggesting that the DN gel could be used to select therapeutic drugs. In addition, they showed that the brain cancer cells that had been cultured on DN gel formed tumors efficiently when transplanted into mice brain, suggesting the stemness of the cancer cells.

This study paves the way for research into drugs that can target cancer stem cells. In the future, the DN gel could be used to enhance cancer cell type diagnosis and to produce personalized medicines, which could improve the prognosis of cancer patients, said Shinya Tanaka.

Reference: Rapid reprogramming of tumour cells into cancer stem cells on double-network hydrogels by Jun Suzuka, Masumi Tsuda, Lei Wang, Shinji Kohsaka, Karin Kishida, Shingo Semba, Hirokazu Sugino, Sachiyo Aburatani, Martin Frauenlob, Takayuki Kurokawa, Shinya Kojima, Toshihide Ueno, Yoshihiro Ohmiya, Hiroyuki Mano, Kazunori Yasuda, Jian Ping Gong and Shinya Tanaka, 29 March 2021, Nature Biomedical Engineering. DOI: 10.1038/s41551-021-00692-2

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Uprooting Cancer: Innovative Hydrogel Rapidly Reverts Cancer Cells Back to Cancer Stem Cells - SciTechDaily

Multiple sclerosis: Recent research on causes and treatments – Medical News Today

Multiple sclerosis (MS) causes a wide range of symptoms involving the brain, optic nerves, and spinal cord. Research is only just beginning to reveal who is at risk and what causes the condition.

MS is a chronic condition affecting 2.8 million people worldwide. While treatment options are currently limited, trials of several new approaches are underway.

Researchers believe that MS is an autoimmune disorder. This type of illness involves the immune system attacking healthy cells, much as it would attack viruses or bacteria.

In the case of MS, the immune system attacks the myelin sheath that surrounds nerve cells. The attack causes lesions to form, and over time, these cause scarring, which leads to nerve damage and reduced function.

As a result of this damage, a person with MS may experience numbness and tingling sensations, fatigue, muscle weakness, dizziness and vertigo, memory issues, and vision problems, among other symptoms.

There are four types of MS: clinically isolated syndrome (CIS), relapsing-remitting MS, primary progressive MS, and secondary progressive MS.

CIS is a single episode of MS-like symptoms that lasts for at least 24 hours. People with CIS do not necessarily have MS, but experiencing an episode can be the first sign of the condition.

Treating MS involves interdisciplinary care, including rehabilitation, disease-modifying drugs (DMARDs), and complementary and alternative therapies.

Scientists do not fully understand the risk factors for MS and the mechanisms of the condition. However, they are making new headway in the search for answers and improvements in treatment.

What does the latest research show about the risk factors, mechanisms, and treatments of MS? In this Special Feature, Medical News Today takes a closer look.

French neurologist Jean-Martin Charcot first described the features of MS in 1868. He noted the differences between this condition and the tremor of paralysis agitans, a symptom of the neurological condition later named Parkinsons disease.

The three symptoms associated with MS at the time were called Charcots triad. They included a characteristic tremor, involuntary eye movements, also known as nystagmus, and scanning speech, which some call staccato or explosive speech.

Decades later, the invention of MRI scans helped doctors diagnose MS. Treatment with steroids became commonplace, and doctors then began to use medications in a class of drugs called interferons. The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) first approved interferons for use in people with MS in 1993.

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Although scientists and healthcare professionals understand the defining features of MS, several aspects of the condition remain a mystery.

While researchers recognize that MS is an autoimmune condition, they do not understand why immune cells attack myelin.

Also, diagnosing MS is still an ambiguous process because its symptoms are similar to those of many other health conditions.

In addition, experts do not know why women are 23 times more likely to be diagnosed with MS than men.

Research suggests that risk factors of MS include a lack of vitamin D or sunlight, smoking, obesity, a history of infection with the Epstein-Barr virus, being female, and possibly having inherited specific genes, as well as environmental factors.

More recently, the gut microbiota has emerged as a possible risk modulator.

A recent overview of clinical research found that people with MS had larger populations of Pedobacteria, Flavobacterium, Pseudomonas, Mycoplana, Acinetobacter, Eggerthella, Dorea, Blautia, Streptococcus, and Akkermansia bacteria in their intestines than people without MS.

People with MS also had reduced populations of Prevotella, Bacteroides, Parabacteroides, Haemophilus, Sutterella, Adlercreutzia, Coprobacillus, Lactobacillus, Clostridium, Anaerostipes, and Faecalibacterium bacteria.

Researchers speculate that balancing out the populations of gut bacteria in people with MS may reduce inflammation and the overactivation of the immune system.

Research from the MS Society Edinburgh Centre for MS Research found that people with MS had reduced numbers of inhibitory neurons, compared with people who did not have the condition.

However, people with MS had as many stimulating neurons as those without the condition. This was true even for people who had received their MS diagnoses many years earlier.

These findings help reveal the types of neurons affected by MS, shedding more light on how the condition evolves within the body. The research may also offer insight into treatments that could protect the targeted neurons.

DMARDs that health authorities have recently approved as MS treatments include cladribine (Mavenclad) and siponimod (Mayzent) for relapsing-remitting and active secondary progressive forms of the condition.

Cladribine targets lymphocytes, white blood cells responsible for attacks on myelin. Siponimod harnesses specific white blood cells that attack myelin and prevents them from circulating in the body.

However, due to their interactions with the immune system, these drugs may lead to a reduction in lymphocytes, making a person vulnerable to infections.

The medicines actions may also contribute to reduced responses to vaccines in people who receive routine vaccinations. With the introduction of COVID-19 vaccines, scientists have investigated whether people with MS who take medications such as cladribine can have adequate responses to vaccines.

The latest research indicates that people taking cladribine do produce protective antibodies to other common vaccines, despite having decreased lymphocyte levels induced by the medication.

This result gives scientists and others in the medical community hope that people who take these drugs for MS will have similarly adequate responses to COVID-19 vaccines.

Some scientists are currently investigating the potential for stem cell therapy for MS. In a phase 1 study conducted at the Karolinska Institute, in Stockholm, Sweden, seven people with progressive MS received infusions of stem cells derived from each participants own bone marrow.

As early as 7 days after administration of the stem cell therapy, researchers found evidence of positive changes in the participants immune systems. At 12 weeks, five out of six participants had no new characteristic lesions on follow-up MRI brain scans.

As their understanding of the condition evolves, many scientists are investigating the root cause of MS.

An analysis of the current data has revealed a possible connection between gut health and the condition. Data revealing relationships between the gut microbiota and the brain continually emerge, and scientists are hopeful that diet modifications, probiotics, and certain drugs that balance the gut microbiome will play a role in MS treatment.

Also in development are remyelination and neuroprotection therapies. The latter aim to protect the axons and myelin from further damage, while the former could restore lost function for people with MS.

Meanwhile, immunotherapy drugs would protect the nerves from destruction and rebuild neurons that have already sustained damage.

Another potential treatment in phase 1 trials is a tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) inhibitor called MYMD-1. TNF-alpha is a type of cytokine produced by white blood cells that regulates some aspects of the immune system.

Overproduction of this cytokine is associated with several autoimmune conditions, including MS. MYMD-1 is a new type of TNF-alpha blocker that shows promise as a treatment for MS and other conditions.

Trials for therapies involving the gut microbiome, stem cells, neuroprotective treatments, remyelination, and MYMD-1 are still in the earliest stages. However, the possibilities provide hope that ongoing research will lead to effective ways to prevent MS and better methods of treatment.

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Multiple sclerosis: Recent research on causes and treatments - Medical News Today

First CAR T-Cell Therapy for Multiple Myeloma: Abecma – Medscape

Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy, described as a "living drug," is now available for patients with relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma who have been treated with four or more prior lines of therapy.

The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) said these patients represent an "unmet medical need" when it granted approval for the new product idecabtagene vicleucel (ide-cel; Abecma), developed by bluebird bio and Bristol-Myers Squibb.

Ide-cel is the first CART-cell therapy to gain approval for use in multiple myeloma. It is also the first CAR T-cell therapy to target B-cell maturation antigen.

Previously approved CAR T-cell products target CD19 and have been approved for use in certain types of leukemia and lymphoma.

All the CAR T-cell therapies are customized treatments that are created specifically for each individual patient from their own blood. The patient's own T cells are removed from the blood, are genetically modified and expanded, and are then infused back into the patient. These modified T cells then seek out and destroy blood cancer cells, and they continue to do so long term.

In some patients, this has led to eradication of disease that had previously progressed with every other treatment that had been tried results that have been described as "absolutely remarkable" and "one-shot therapy that looks to be curative."

However, this cell therapy comes with serious adverse effects, including neurologic toxicity and cytokine release syndrome (CRS), which can be life threatening. For this reason, all these products have a risk evaluation and mitigation strategy, and the use of CAR T-cell therapies is limited to designated centers.

In addition, these CAR T-cells products are phenomenally expensive; hospitals have reported heavy financial losses with their use, and patients have turned to crowdfunding to pay for these therapies.

The FDA noted that approval of ide-cel for multiple myeloma is based on data from a multicenter study that involved 127 patients with relapsed/refractory disease who had received at least three prior lines of treatment.

The results from this trial were published in February 2021 in the New England Journal of Medicine (NEJM).

An expert not involved in the trial described the results as "phenomenal."

Krina Patel, MD, an associate professor in the Department of Lymphoma/Myeloma at the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, said that "the response rate of 73% in a patient population with a median of sixlines of therapy, and with one-third of those patients achieving a deep response of complete response or better, is phenomenal.

"We are very excited as a myeloma community for this study of idecabtagene vicleucel for relapsed/refractory patients," Patel told Medscape Medical News at the time.

The lead investigator of the study, Nikhil Munshi, MD, of Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, commented: "The results of this trial represent a true turning point in the treatment of this disease. In my 30 years of treating myeloma, I have not seen any other therapy as effective in this group of patients."

In my 30 years of treating myeloma, I have not seen any other therapy as effective in this group of patients. Dr Nikhil Munshi

Both experts highlighted the poor prognosis for patients with relapsed/refractory disease. Recent decades have seen a flurry of new agents for myeloma, and there are now three main classes of agents: immunomodulatory agents, proteasome inhibitors, and anti-CD38 antibodies.

Nevertheless, in some patients, the disease continues to progress. For patients for whom treatments with all three classes of drugs have failed, the median progression-free survival is 3 to 4 months, and the median overall survival is 9 months.

In contrast, the results reported in the NEJM article showed that overall median progression-free survival was 8.8 months, but it was more than double that (20.2 months) for patients who achieved a complete or stringent complete response.

Estimated median overall survival was 19.4 months, and the overall survival was 78% at 12 months. The authors notethat overall survival data are not yet mature.

The patients who were enrolled in the CAR T-cell trial had undergone many previous treatments. They had undergone a median for six prior drug therapies (range, three to 16), and most of the patients (120, 94%) had also undergone autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplant.

In addition, the majority of patients (84%) had disease that was triple refractory (to an immunomodulatory agent, a proteasome inhibitor, and an anti-CD38 antibody), 60% had disease that was penta-exposed (to bortezomib, carfilzomib, lenalidomide, pomalidomide, and daratumumab), and 26% had disease that was penta-refractory.

In the NEJM article, the authors report that about a third of patients had a complete response to CAR T-cell therapy.

At a median follow-up of 13.3 months, 94 of 128 patients (73%) showed a response to therapy (P < .001); 42 (33%) showed a complete or stringent complete response;and 67 patients (52%) showed a "very good partial response or better," they write.

In the FDA announcement of the product approval, the figures for complete response was slightly lower. "Of those studied, 28% of patients showed complete response or disappearance of all signs of multiple myeloma to Abecma, and 65% of this group remained in complete response to the treatment for at least 12 months," the agency noted.

The FDA also noted that treatment with Abecma can cause severe side effects. The label carries a boxed warning regarding CRS, hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis/macrophage activation syndrome, neurologic toxicity, and prolonged cytopenia, all of which can be fatal or life threatening.

The most common side effects of Abecma are CRS, infections, fatigue, musculoskeletal pain, and a weakened immune system. Side effects from treatment usually appear within the first 1 to 2 weeks after treatment, but some side effects may occur later.

The agency also noted that, to further evaluate the long-term safety of the drug, it is requiring the manufacturer to conduct a postmarketing observational study.

"The FDA remains committed to advancing novel treatment options for areas of unmet patient need," said Peter Marks, MD, PhD, director of the FDA's Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research.

"While there is no cure for multiple myeloma, the long-term outlook can vary based on the individual's age and the stage of the condition at the time of diagnosis. Today's approval provides a new treatment option for patients who have this uncommon type of cancer."

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First CAR T-Cell Therapy for Multiple Myeloma: Abecma - Medscape

Vitro Biopharma Retains Leading Health Care Executive as Acting Director of Regulatory Affairs & Director – Benzinga

GOLDEN, CO / ACCESSWIRE / April 3, 2021 / Vitro Biopharma, Inc. (formerly Vitro Diagnostics, Inc.) announced the appointment of Dr. Caroline Mosessian, PhD, DRSc, FACMPE, ACHE as its acting Director of Regulatory Affairs. Dr. Mosessian has an extensive background in regulatory science including a PhD, MS and Masters in Healthcare Administration degrees from USC in LA. In 2016 she was honored with the prestigious Top Ranked US Executive Award awarded to the top 1% of the millions of active executives in the United States. She is a trusted advisor for strategic development and operations to a variety of technology firms promoting innovation excellence to enhance quality of life for patients, caregivers and providers while optimizing outcomes and overall corporate success. In addition to regulatory expertise, she has extensive experience in the development, management and licensing of intellectual property, government and private fund raising, strategic planning and clinical research operations. She is fluent in several languages that support her international business development skills. She is also actively involved in local, national and international charitable organizations that emphasize humanitarian aid.

She has led numerous clinical studies of medical devices and pharmaceuticals through regulatory agency approval including the FDA and EMA leading to successful development of multi-million dollar clinical programs. She presently assists Vitro Biopharma in the guidance, drafting and submission of its pending IND phase I application to the FDA (Randomized, Double-blinded, placebo-controlled study of the safety and efficacy of therapeutic treatment with AlloRx Stem Cells in adults with COVID-19). As a result, the FDA has authorized several expanded access/compassionate use INDs that employ IV infusion of AlloRx Stem Cells in the treatment of COVID-19 patients.

These results together with several additional clinical studies using MSCs are now providing substantial clinical evidence of safety and efficacy of stem cell therapy for COVID-19. Furthermore, since MSC therapy is independent of the genome of the virus, this MSC therapy is likely to be effective in treatment of COVID-19 patients infected with new variants resulting from viral mutation.

Dr. Jack Zamora, MD and CEO said, "We are elated to add Dr Mosessian to our regulatory team targeting FDA approval of AlloRx Stem Cells. She has been instrumental in establishing a strong working relationship between Vitro Biopharma and the FDA. She will also be a key driver of the execution of our pending Phase I trial and future INDs targeting additional indications of AlloRx Stem Cells."

Dr. Mosessian said, "I am inspired by Vitro Biopharma's mission to deliver innovative solutions and access to regenerative therapies to deliver unmet needs of the vulnerable patients. I feel fortunate to become part of the team thriving to achieve such an ambitious goal."

John Evans C.F.O. and Chairman of the Board said "We are pleased to have Caroline join the Board of Directors of the company, she adds such a wide breadth of experience in the regulatory, clinical and legal areas of board governance.

ABOUT VITRO BIOPHARMA

Out of years of research, we developed our patent-pending and proprietary line of umbilical cord derived stem cells AlloRx Stem Cells now being used in offshore regenerative medicine clinical trials. Our stem cells are used in regenerative medicine clinical trials with our partner in the Cayman Islands http://www.DVCStem.com. We have a recently approved clinical trial using our AlloRx Stem Cells to treat musculoskeletal conditions at The Medical Pavilion of the Bahamas http://www.tmp-bahamas.com in Nassau. Our nutraceutical stem cell activation product, STEMulize complements AlloRx Stem Cells as an adjuvant therapy to optimize therapeutic outcomes.

Vitro Biopharma has a proprietary and scalable manufacturing platform to provide stem cell therapies to critically ill Coronavirus patients and other conditions including multiple sclerosis, OA, Crohn's disease, and numerous medical conditions that are under-treated by the current standard of care. Our cGMP manufacturing is CLIA, ISO9001, ISO13485 certified and we are FDA registered. Our stem cells have been shown to be safe and effective in Phase I clinical trials.

Forward-Looking Statements

Statements herein regarding financial performance have not yet been reported to the SEC nor reviewed by the Company's auditors. Certain statements contained herein and subsequent statements made by and on behalf of the Company, whether oral or written may contain "forward-looking statements". Such forward-looking statements are identified by words such as "intends," "anticipates," "believes," "expects" and "hopes" and include, without limitation, statements regarding the Company's plan of business operations, product research and development activities, potential contractual arrangements, receipt of working capital, anticipated revenues, and related expenditures. Factors that could cause actual results to differ materially include, among others, acceptability of the Company's products in the market place, general economic conditions, receipt of additional working capital, the overall state of the biotechnology industry and other factors set forth in the Company's filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Most of these factors are outside the control of the Company. Investors are cautioned not to put undue reliance on forward-looking statements. Except as otherwise required by applicable securities statutes or regulations, the Company disclaims any intent or obligation to update publicly these forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise.

CONTACT: Dr. Jack Zamora, MD Chief Executive Officer Vitro Biopharma, Inc. (303) 999-2130 x 1 http://www.vitrobiopharma.com

SOURCE: Vitro Diagnostics, Inc.

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Vitro Biopharma Retains Leading Health Care Executive as Acting Director of Regulatory Affairs & Director - Benzinga