Mutated blood stem cell receptors could be therapeutic targets for leukaemia – Drug Target Review

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Researchers have identified that in leukaemia, mutated receptors allow blood stem cells to activate one another without the proper signal and suggest this discovery could lead to targeted novel therapies.

Research into cell signalling has shown that in leukaemia, mutations in the cytokine receptors of blood stem cells triggers an overproduction of blood cells, causing the condition. The scientists hope this discovery will pave the way for targeted novel therapeutics in future.

In the study, published in Science, the research team discovered that while blood stem cells are normally regulated by cytokines, mutations can allow them to be activated without the correct signals, prompting the development of blood cells to spiral out of control.

The researchers used super-resolution fluorescent microscopy to study the way blood stem cells communicate with each other in real time. They observed cytokines binding to designated cell surface receptors, pairing the blood stem cells up and causing the production of blood cells. But when cells with mutations affecting these receptors were introduced, the cells paired up without cytokines and produced an imbalance of healthy platelets, white and red blood cells.

Professor Ian Hitchcock from the York Biomedical Research Institute and the Department of Biology at the University of York, UK, explained: Our bodies produce billions of blood cells every day via a process of cells signalling between each other. Cytokines act like a factory supervisor, tightly regulating this process and controlling the development and proliferation of the different blood cell types.

Our observations led us to a previously unknown mechanism for how individual mutations trigger blood stem cells to start signalling independently of cytokines, causing the normal system to become out of control and leading to diseases like leukaemia. Understanding this mechanism may enable the identification of targets for the development of new drugs.

Professor Ilpo Vattulainen from the University of Helsinki, Finland, added: Our biomolecular simulations unveiled surprising features concerning the orientation of active receptor pairs at the plasma membrane, explaining how mutations render activation possible without a ligand (eg, cytokine). These predictions were subsequently confirmed experimentally.

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Mutated blood stem cell receptors could be therapeutic targets for leukaemia - Drug Target Review

Chopping Genes and Growing Brains – The LumberJack

Biology professor John Steele guided a cell biology lab his first year at HSU wherein he wanted to teach students that cells need nutrients to survive. After 48 hours, the lab discovered quite the opposite. James Gomez, a current student in the lab, had the opportunity to research more into the groundbreaking discovery.

In science, youre kinda looking for that unexpected stuff, Gomez said. Right after I came in, I was really excited to be a part of that. There was this thing that was happening that we particularly cant fully explain, and Im actually in the lab doing that science.

Steeles experiment for his class involved students starving the cells of nutrients to trigger a state of autophagy, which is when the cell starts to consume itself. Steele meant to emphasize that cells needed nutrients like amino acids and lipids to survive. It was assumed that starving cells of key nutrients eventually killed them.

Steele said the experiment was common, and was usually shut down after six to eight hours. Steele decided to run it for 48 hours instead, since that was the time between lab sections. When his class returned returned to the lab, rather than seeing a bunch of dead cells, they were decidedly more alive. The lab had made a discovery.

Despite the cells being in autophagy in Steeles experiment, they had stopped dividing and took on a strange morphology. Their metabolic rate was highthey were very much not dead.

Now the lab, including Gomez, are deep in research. The lab is introducing pathway inhibitors, or drugs, to block basic cell functions, narrowing down the essential and non-essential. The project is open-ended, as students methodically look at every cellular pathway to determine the needs of cells.

What I love about this project is that it was born here, Steele said. Nobody else that I know of is working on this, outside of HSU. Thats an awesome process to be a part of, where students get hands-on training in phenotypic genetic screening and drug screening, and we get to learn about the basic biology of cells in doing this.

Steele encourages the students in his lab to explore the boundaries of their knowledge. CRISPR, Cas9 and stem cell cultures are unique tools available to these students, and they offer an opportunity to think outside the box and do creative science.

Steeles lab combines bio-technologies using unique stem cell cultures and genome editing techniques. The lab cultures stem cellscells which can grow into any cell typeand chops up DNA using CRISPR, a revolutionary gene-clipping tool, to learn how rare neurodegenerative diseases develop in the brain.

There have been some really cool applications of CRISPR out there. And theyre just because somebody said, I wonder if we could do that? and they did.

Steeles graduate student Kyle Anthoney, on the other hand, is working on making a model of a rare disease called progressive supernucleogical palsy, which looks like a combination of Parkinsons and Alzheimers diseases. The disease is a tauopathic disease because a main characteristic of the disease is a buildup of the tau protein, which blocks some necessary cell functions. To understand the finer details of the disease, Anthoney developed a new method for growing neurosphere cell types into what is, effectively, a miniature brain.

Scientifically named 3D neural sphere cultures, these miniature brains offer a platform for researchers to study three types of brain cells at the same time. Anthoneys method allowed him to organically grow neurons, oligodendrocytes and astrocytes, three dominant cell types in the brain, from human stem cells, so they would develop naturally like they would in a growing brain.

Anthoneys research is up for review in a number of scientific publications and his name is on some breakthrough scientific papers. He is contributing to research about progressive supernucleogical palsy and other tauopathic diseases. His research concentrates the tau protein in a miniature brain to simulate the symptoms of progressive supernucleogical palsy, and he is exploring how the protein and disease impact his lab-grown brain cells.

There have been some really cool applications of CRISPR out there, Steele said. And theyre just because somebody said, I wonder if we could do that? and they did.

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Chopping Genes and Growing Brains - The LumberJack

Engineered Living-Cell Blood Vessel Provides New Insights to Progeria – Duke Today

Biomedical engineers at Duke University have developed the most advanced disease model for blood vessels to date and used it to discover a unique role of the endothelium in Hutchinson-Gilford Progeria Syndrome. Called progeria for short, the devastating and extremely rare genetic disease causes symptoms resembling accelerated aging in children.

The model is the first to grow both the smooth muscle and inner lining, or endothelium, layers of blood vessels from stem cells derived from the patients own skin. Combined with an advanced experimental setup that pushes culture media that models blood through the engineered blood vessels, the model reveals that the endothelium responds differently to flow and shear stress with progeria than it does when healthy.

The study shows that a diseased endothelium alone is enough to produce symptoms of progeria, and also demonstrates a new way of studying blood vessels in dynamic 3D models to better understand and test treatments for serious diseases.

The results appear online on February 6 in the journal Stem Cell Reports.

The endothelium expresses the toxic protein that causes the symptoms of progeria, but it does so at much lower levels than the outer layer of blood vessels made of smooth muscle, said Nadia Abutaleb, a biomedical engineering PhD student at Duke and co-first author of the paper. Because of this, the entire field has been focused on smooth muscle, and the few that have looked at the endothelium have mostly looked at it in a static 2D culture. But weve discovered that its necessary to work dynamically in three dimensions to see the full effects of the disease.

Progeria is a non-hereditary genetic disease caused by a random single-point mutation in the genome. It is so rare and so deadly that there are only about 250 people known to be currently living with the disease worldwide.

Progeria is triggered by a defect in a protein called progerin that leads it to accumulate outside of a cell's nucleus rather than becoming part of the nuclear structural support system. This causes the nucleus to take on an abnormal shape and inhibits its ability to divide. The resulting symptoms look much like accelerated aging, and affected patients usually die of heart disease brought on by weakened blood vessels before the age of 15.

"Progeria isn't considered hereditary, because nobody lives long enough to pass it on," said George Truskey, the R. Eugene and Susie E. Goodson Professor of Biomedical Engineering at Duke. "Because the disease is so rare, its difficult to get enough patients for clinical trials. We're hoping our platform will provide an alternative way to test the numerous compounds under consideration."

Blood vessels are difficult to simulate because their walls have multiple layers of cells, including the endothelium and the media. The endothelium is the innermost lining of all blood vessels that interacts with circulating blood. The media is made mostly of smooth muscle cells that help control the flow and pressure of the blood.

In 2017, the Truskey laboratory engineered the first 3D platform for testing blood vessels grown from skin cells taken from progeria patients. The blood vessels exhibited many of the symptoms seen in people with the disease and responded similarly to pharmaceuticals.

While the smooth muscle cells in our previous study were created using cells from progeria patients, the endothelial cells were not, said Abutaleb. We suspected that the endothelial cells might be responsible for some of the lingering symptoms in the original study, so we began working to grow blood vessels with both smooth muscle and endothelial cells derived from the same patient.

By successfully growing endothelial cells derived from progeria patients, the researchers were able to create a more complete model of the disease. They also tested the endotheliums unique contribution to the diseases symptoms by mixing impaired endothelium with healthy smooth muscle.

They found that a diseased endothelium alone was enough to produce many of the symptoms of progeria, but that these results only appeared when the cells were tested under dynamic conditions.

One of the major findings is that the progeria endothelium responds to flow and shear stresses differently than healthy endothelium, said Abutaleb.

The new models healthy blood vessels responded to pharmaceuticals more strongly than in past papers, and the diseased blood vessels showed a greater drop in functionality. With this advanced model in hand, the team is now beginning to investigate how new and current drugs for progeria affect a patients blood vessels.

This research was supported by the National Institutes of Health (R01 HL138252-01, UH3TR000505, UH3TR002142) and the National Science Foundation (GRFP Grants #1106401 and DGE1644868).

CITATION: iPSC-derived Endothelial Cells Affect Vascular Function in a Tissue Engineered Blood Vessel Model of Hutchinson-Gilford Progeria Syndrome, Leigh Atchison, Nadia O. Abutaleb, Elizabeth Snyder-Mounts, Yantenew Gete, Alim Ladha, Thomas Ribar, Kan Cao, George A. Truskey. Stem Cell Reports, vol. 14, issue 2 (2020). DOI:10.1016/j.stemcr.2020.01.005

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Engineered Living-Cell Blood Vessel Provides New Insights to Progeria - Duke Today

Stem Cell Antibody Market Research report covers the Industry share and Growth, 2020 2027: Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc. (US), Merck Group (Germany),…

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The Report covers epidemilogy of Stem Cell Antibody from 2020 to 2027 saperated by Seven Major Regions facilitate with market drivers, market barriers and unmet medical needs of this indication. The Report gives extencive statistics and market overview by providing specifics such as disease definition, classification, symptoms, etiology, pathophysiology and diagnostic trends.

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Stem Cell Therapy Market 2020 | Research, Opportunities, Emerging Trends, Competitive Strategies and Forecasts 2020-2026 – Instant Tech News

New Jersey, United States The report is a comprehensive research study of the global Stem Cell Therapy market, taking into account growth factors, recent trends, developments, opportunities and the competitive landscape. Market analysts and researchers performed an in-depth analysis of the Stem Cell Therapy global market using research methodologies such as PESTLE and Porters Five Forces analysis. They provided precise and reliable data on the market and useful recommendations in order to help the actors to better understand the global scenario of the present and future market. The report includes an in-depth study of potential segments, including product type, application and end user, as well as their contribution to the overall size of the market.

Global Stem Cell TherapyMarketwas valued at USD 86.62 million in 2016 and is projected to reach USD 221.03million by 2025, growing at a CAGR of 10.97% from 2017 to 2025.

This report covers a comprehensive study of the data affecting the Stem Cell Therapy market with regard to manufacturers, suppliers, market players and customers. The report also includes an overview of technology applications and strategies used by market leaders. In addition to data compiled by type, application and region, the study includes personalized research to examine the intricacies of the global Stem Cell Therapy market.

Key players in global Stem Cell Therapy market include:

Osiris Therapeutics, Medipost Co., Anterogen Co., Pharmicell Co., HolostemTerapieAvanzateSrl, JCR Pharmaceuticals Co., Nuvasive, RTI Surgical, Allosource

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Global Stem Cell Therapy Market: Research Methodology

The research methodology used by analysts play an integral role in how the publication has been prepared. Analysts have used primary and secondary research methodologies to make a comprehensive analysis. For accurate and precise analysis of the global Stem Cell Therapy s market, analysts have a bottom-up and top-down approaches.The main sources include interviews, surveys and observations of seasoned analysts, and secondary sources cover reputable paid sources, trade journals and databases of industry organizations. Other research methods include SWOT analysis with In-Depth Market Analysis.

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This part of the report includes detailed information on the market in various regions. Each region offers different scope for markets because every region has a different government policies and other factors. The regions included in this report are North America, Europe, Asia Pacific, and the Middle East and Africa. Information about the different areas helps the reader to understand better the global market.

Table of Content

1 Introduction of Stem Cell Therapy Market

1.1 Overview of the Market 1.2 Scope of Report 1.3 Assumptions

2 Executive Summary

3 Research Methodology of Verified Market Research

3.1 Data Mining 3.2 Validation 3.3 Primary Interviews 3.4 List of Data Sources

4 Stem Cell Therapy Market Outlook

4.1 Overview 4.2 Market Dynamics 4.2.1 Drivers 4.2.2 Restraints 4.2.3 Opportunities 4.3 Porters Five Force Model 4.4 Value Chain Analysis

5 Stem Cell Therapy Market , By Deployment Model

5.1 Overview

6 Stem Cell Therapy Market , By Solution

6.1 Overview

7 Stem Cell Therapy Market , By Vertical

7.1 Overview

8 Stem Cell Therapy Market , By Geography

8.1 Overview 8.2 North America 8.2.1 U.S. 8.2.2 Canada 8.2.3 Mexico 8.3 Europe 8.3.1 Germany 8.3.2 U.K. 8.3.3 France 8.3.4 Rest of Europe 8.4 Asia Pacific 8.4.1 China 8.4.2 Japan 8.4.3 India 8.4.4 Rest of Asia Pacific 8.5 Rest of the World 8.5.1 Latin America 8.5.2 Middle East

9 Stem Cell Therapy Market Competitive Landscape

9.1 Overview 9.2 Company Market Ranking 9.3 Key Development Strategies

10 Company Profiles

10.1.1 Overview 10.1.2 Financial Performance 10.1.3 Product Outlook 10.1.4 Key Developments

11 Appendix

11.1 Related Research

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AI is transforming healthcare as we know it: Arab Health 2020 – Euronews

The recent outbreak of the coronavirus has shown us that our global health system is only as strong as its weakest link.

The key to stemming the spread of such illnesses lies in bolstering connectivity and communication between health bodies and thats precisely the theme here at Arab Health 2020.

Artificial intelligence means medical bodies can link up their data and act quickly in a crisis.

"As emergency physicians and practitioners were often on the frontline. But Ill give you an example of how technology and AI may help outbreaks, not just Coronavirus, but for seasonal influenza," says Dr Jacques Kobersy, emergency medicine institute chair, Cleveland Hospital Abu Dhabi.

"When you have an organisation like WHO who are alerted to the fact that there is some new virus circulating, Artificial intelligence might give us the opportunity to flag that those unusual symptoms are occurring way before human clinicians and departments of health realize it. And help us get ahead of these sort of pandemics maybe a month or so ahead of time before they really fester."

55,000 attendees from 159 countries have touched down in Dubai to showcase and learn about the life-changing and groundbreaking technologies poised to transform healthcare as we know it.

Autonomous ambulances

Soon, AI could make autonomous ambulances that automatically arrive at a patients house as soon as somethings wrong.

"We call it a smart ambulance. The high-risk patient, they will start to wear wearable devices. Let's say something happened to that patient. These devices will start to send all the vital data to the system and the hospital. So the physician, he can monitor all the data and monitor the patient 24 hour," says Dr Rashid al Hashimi - youth council member, UAE ministry of health (mohap).

In the future, the ambulance will be auto-drive. So it will go directly to the patient. While they are moving all these signals will be green for them.

When the patient enters the ambulance, there will be some high-resolution cameras. They will detect the patient's face and will give all the data which is very important for the rescuers to help the patient.

While they are going to the hospital, there will be like a virtual doctor inside the ambulance.

AI implants

AI is already powering implants that can monitor patients vitals around the clock.

"We can put devices under the skin and telemonitor heart patients even at home. We have put this device on 30 patients," says Dr Noor al Muhairi, head of medical services, hospital dept (mohap).

"One of them was in London. And we saw that we have an abnormality in his heart. And we called them directly and told him, go to the nearest hospital and this saved him."

And unprecedented advancements in stem-cell research mean damaged heart cells can now be regrown.

"In treatment, we collaborated with Osaka University, where they have done a study on stem cells that have been generated to cardiac cells. You can bring stem cells to make the heart cells regenerate," says Dr Muhairi.

"So this is one of the latest technology in heart treatment and in collaboration with Japan, we are going to do a clinical study here in the Ministry of Health."

Analysing wounds

Meanwhile, image analysis of wounds using machine learning can now prevent amputations caused by diseases like diabetes.

"This machine is checking the healing process for the diabetic foot. It will give us the results within 30 seconds. We are just scanning for the wound.2

"There is information going back 15 years in this machine. So it will check with other types of wound and it will analyze for us exactly the problem. We can prevent amputations from the complication of diabetes," says Dr Halima el Shehhi, the emergency department unit manager at the ministry of health and prevention, UAE.

Whether it's artificial intelligence, new equipment, new abilities to analyze patients and treat them, things that we could only imagine a few years ago now have come to fruition.

Soon the days of treating illnesses after they occur will give way to an age of truly preventative healthcare.

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AI is transforming healthcare as we know it: Arab Health 2020 - Euronews

Global Stem Cell and Platelet Rich Plasma Alopecia Therapies Market 2019 Research and Industry Progression till 2024 – Galus Australis

Recently study titled,GlobalStem Cell and Platelet Rich Plasma (PRP) Alopecia TherapiesMarket Growth 2019-2024features the deeply studied and assessed data of the key industry players. The report presents a detailed statistical analysis of market dynamics and trends that offers a holistic picture of theStem Cell and Platelet Rich Plasma (PRP) Alopecia Therapiesindustry. The report defines, describes and forecasts the market in terms of the application area, manufacturers, region, and types. The report highlights key components impacting the industry such as market growth, competitive landscape, emerging trends, and industry cost structures during the forecast period from 2019 to 2024. It covers trends and development-related information, and focuses on markets and materials, capacities and developing the structure of the market.

The report segments the market into Products, Application, End Users, and Regions. Data is principally derived from secondary sources such as magazines, internet, journals, and press releases. The report examines considerations such as production value, capacity in a statistical format that accurately reveals a comprehendible picture of theStem Cell and Platelet Rich Plasma (PRP) Alopecia Therapiesmarket. The global research report on the market provides an in-depth analysis of industry size, shares, demand and supply analysis, sales volume and value analysis of various companies along with segmental analysis, with respect to important geographies.

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Furthermore, the report reveals that the globalStem Cell and Platelet Rich Plasma (PRP) Alopecia Therapiesmarket contains the ability to become one of the most lucrative industries as factors related to this market such as raw material affluence, financial stability, technological development, trading policies, and increasing demand are boosting the market growth. Market risks, challenges, and threats faced by market players are represented in this study.

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Global Stem Cell and Platelet Rich Plasma Alopecia Therapies Market 2019 Research and Industry Progression till 2024 - Galus Australis

New Immunotherapy Had Positive Results In Cancer Patients After Other Treatments Failed – Forbes

Natural Killer cells have been engineered to attack blood cancers with excellent provisional results ... [+] from a small clinical trial.

A new cell-based immunotherapy for some types of blood cancer has posted promising initial results in a small clinical trial on patients who had exhausted all other treatment options.

The new study, led by researchers from MD Anderson Cancer Center was published yesterday in the New England Journal of Medicine and used a type of immune cell, called a Natural Killer (NK) cell. The NK cells were engineered to target a protein called CD19 found on B-lymphoblasts and which can become cancerous and cause several types of blood cancer. The study tested the treatment on 11 patients with either chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) or non-Hodgkins lymphoma (NHL), finding a 73% response rate. Of the 8 people who responded, 7 maintained a complete response over a year after the initial treatment.

All our patients had failed conventional therapies and therefore there was no alternative treatment available for them, said said Katy Rezvani, M.D., Ph.D.,lead author of the paper and professor of Stem Cell Transplantation & Cellular Therapy at MD Anderson. We are encouraged by the results of the clinical trial, which will launch further clinical studies to investigate allogeneic cord blood-derived CAR NK cells as a potential treatment option for patients in need, she added.

Most cell based therapies use a different type of modified immune cell; CAR T-cells. These therapies have shown initial promise in some types of blood cancer, but there have been several setbacks with side-effects in patients and the scaleability and cost of the technology. Importantly, the NK cells used on the patients in the new study were made from donated umbilical cord blood, whereas most CAR T-cell therapies currently rely on a long and expensive process of extracting T-cells from the patient themselves, genetically modifying them and expanding the cells before the therapy is ready for use.

This means the new NK cell therapy can theoretically be produced in bulk and doesn't rely on extracting T-cells from the patient, which can be incredibly difficult, especially if the patient has received a lot of previous therapies which can affect T-cell numbers.

Strictly speaking, the manufacturing and engineering steps for CAR T and CAR NK cells are very similar. The main difference is that unlike commercial CAR T-cells, where one product is used to treat one patient (an autologous product),CAR NK cells are not patient specific, allowing for multiple doses to be manufactured from one donor that can then be used to treat multiple patients, said Rezvani.

CAR T-cell therapies, although posting some wonderful results, particularly in children with hard-to-treat, relapsed leukemias, do come with a lot of side effects, particularly neurotoxicity and cytokine release syndrome, which is life-threatening if not quickly treated. These toxicities were not seen in this initial, small trial, giving the researchers hope that perhaps this therapy may have fewer serious side-effects than other similar approaches.

As well as CAR T-cells, there is also another therapy already available which targets CD19, a drug called blinatumomab (Blincyto). What potential advantages does the new NK cell therapy have over this approach?

These are living cells that persist after infusion and will potentially continue to protect the patient from their cancer over time unlike blinatumomab that needs to be given as a continuous infusion and in multiple cycles, said Revzani. In addition, with the caveat of the small number of patients that we have treated so far and the relatively short follow up time, our approach appears to be less toxic, she added.

MD Anderson have licenced the development of this therapy and other similar B-cell targeting therapies to company Takeda Pharmaceuticals.

Our vision is to improve upon existing treatments by developing armored CAR NKs that could be administered off-the-shelf in an outpatient settingenabling more patients to be treated effectively, quickly and with minimal toxicities, said Rezvani, adding that the team also plans to expand the trial to encompass other CD19-expressing malignancies such as B-cell leukemias.

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New Immunotherapy Had Positive Results In Cancer Patients After Other Treatments Failed - Forbes

Abnormal Bone Formation After Trauma Explained and Reversed in Mice – Michigan Medicine

Hip replacements, severe burns, spinal cord injuries, blast injuries, traumatic brain injuriesthese seemingly disparate traumas can each lead to a painful complication during the healing process called heterotopic ossification. Heterotopic ossification is abnormal bone formation within muscle and soft tissues, an unfortunately common phenomenon that typically occurs weeks after an injury or surgery. Patients with heterotopic ossification experience decreased range of motion, swelling and pain.

Currently, theres no way to prevent it and once its formed, theres no way to reverse it, says Benjamin Levi, M.D., Director of the Burn/Wound/Regeneration Medicine Laboratory and Center for Basic and Translational Research in Michigan Medicines Department of Surgery. And while experts suspected that heterotopic ossification was somehow linked to inflammation, new U-M research explains how this happens on a cellular scaleand suggests a way it can be stopped.

To help explain how the healing process goes awry in heterotopic ossification, the research team, led by Levi, Michael Sorkin, M.D. and Amanda Huber, Ph.D., of the Department of Surgerys section of plastic surgery, took a closer look at the inflammation process in mice. Using tissue from injury sites in mouse models of heterotopic ossification, they used single cell RNA sequencing to characterize the types of cells present. They confirmed that macrophages were among the first responders and might be behind aberrant healing.

Macrophages are white blood cells whose normal job is to find and destroy pathogens. Upon closer examination, the Michigan team found that macrophages are more complex than previously thoughtand dont always do what they are supposed to do.

Macrophages are a heterogenous population, some that are helpful with healing and some that are not, explains Levi. People think of macrophages as binary (M1 vs. M2). Yet weve shown that there are many different macrophage phenotypes or states that are present during abnormal wound healing.

Specifically, during heterotopic ossification formation, the increased presence of macrophages that express TGF-beta leads to an errant signal being sent to bone forming stem cells.

For now, the only way to treat heterotopic ossification is to wait for it to stop growing and cut it out which never completely restores joint function. This new research suggests that there may be a way to treat it at the cellular level. Working with the lab led by Stephen Kunkel, Ph.D. of the Department of Pathology, the team demonstrated that an activating peptide to CD47, p7N3 could alter TGF-beta expressing macrophages, reducing their ability to send signals to bone-forming stem cells that lead to heterotopic ossification.

During abnormal wound healing, we think there is some signal that continues to be present at an injury site even after the injury should have resolved, says Levi. Beyond heterotopic ossification, Levi says the studys findings can likely be translated to other types of abnormal wound healing like muscle fibrosis.

The team hopes to eventually develop translational therapies that target this pathway and further characterize not just the inflammatory cells but the stem cells responsible for the abnormal bone formation.

The paper is published in the journal Nature Communications. Other U-M authors include: Charles Hwang, William Carson IV, Rajarsee Menon, John Li, Kaetlin Vasquez, Chase Pagani, Nicole Patel, Shuli Li, Noelle D. Visser, Yashar Niknafs, Shawn Loder, Melissa Scola, Dylan Nycz, Katherine Gallagher, Laurie K. McCauley, Shailesh Agarwal, and Yuji Mishina.

Paper Cited: Regulation of heterotopic ossification by monocytes in a mouse model of aberrant wound healing, Nature Communications, DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-14172-4

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Abnormal Bone Formation After Trauma Explained and Reversed in Mice - Michigan Medicine

Viewpoints: Where’s The Praise About Good News On Declining Opioid Deaths?; Shutting Down Air, Trade Over Coronavirus Will Be More Harmful In Long Run…

Opinion writers weigh in on these health care issues and others.

The Wall Street Journal:Opioid Inflection Point?A report by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention last week that drug overdose deaths have declined for the first time in nearly three decades drew little attention until President Trump flogged it in his State of the Union address. Heres hoping the opioid scourge that has taken hundreds of thousands of lives is finally abating. Drug overdose deaths fell 4.1% in 2018 thanks to fewer fatalities from prescription opioids, according to the CDC. Overdoses from natural and semisynthetic opioids such as oxycodone and hydrocodone fell by 13.4%, and 3.2% from heroin, though these declines were partially offset by a 10% increase from synthetic opioids like fentanyl. (2/5)

The Washington Post:In Combating Coronavirus, Slamming The Door To China Will Hurt More Than HelpViruses are tiny parasites. They have a singular mission: to invade a host cell and use its machinery to replicate themselves complete with their own genetic material and then go on to infect other host cells. The new coronavirus, which has a comparatively large genome, is racing through part of China and beginning to spread around the world, transmitted from person to person. The family of coronavirus is so named because of a crownlike appearance of spikes some say it looks like the sun during an eclipse, with a halo. But there is nothing sunny about its emergence as a respiratory disease that can harm and kill human beings. (2/5)

Stat:The Novel Coronavirus Exposes A Flaw In The Nagoya ProtocolThe speed with which the sequence of 2019-nCoV has been shared is a potent reminder of how we should avoid tying up the research community in red tape when we are in a race to find a new vaccine or treatment for a new virus or other pathogen.Coronavirus Coverage: Read the rest of STATs up-to-the-minute reporting on the coronavirus outbreak. But that is precisely what a legally binding international agreement, the Nagoya Protocol on Access and Benefit Sharing, has inadvertently ended up doing. This supplementary international agreement to the Convention on Biological Diversity could make it extraordinarily difficult to conduct disease surveillance or forge research collaborations around the world. (Thomas B. Cueni, 2/5)

The Washington Post:The Coronavirus Reawakens Old Racist Tropes Against Chinese PeopleAt a middle school a few blocks from my house, a rumor circulated among the children that all Asian kids have the coronavirus and should be quarantined. Misinformation has also reached higher education: In college campuses across the United States, some non-Asian students have acknowledged avoiding Asian classmates for no other reason than, well, the coronavirus came from Asia. The disease apparently emerged in December from a live-food market in Wuhan, China. There have been over 20,000 confirmed cases in China, and the World Health Organization reported 146 confirmed cases in 23 other countries. There are serious concerns of a global pandemic, but the coronavirus has also reawakened centuries-old prejudices against Chinese people. (John Pomfret, 2/5)

The New York Times:How Abortion Warps Our PoliticsWhere will abortion opponents stand in 2020? President Trump recently made his bid for their votes, becoming the first president to speak in person at the annual March for Life in Washington, an event held since 1974. Two days later, a Democratic presidential hopeful, Pete Buttigieg, told a woman who called herself a proud pro-life Democrat that he would not support more moderate abortion language in the Democratic National Committee platform basically suggesting that, on this issue, she will not find affirmation or support from her party. (Gracy Olmstead, 2/5)

Stat:Stem Cell Clinics, Especially Rogue Ones, Need To Be Better RegulatedRogue stem cell clinics continue to victimize hopeful patients seeking cures for cancer, Parkinsons disease, autism, chronic pain, and more. Most of these treatments are unproven and unsupported by evidence, wasting precious time and health care dollars for desperate patients and often doing more harm than good to patients health and survival.Yet public demand for stem cell treatments is outpacing our ability to regulate them. Government agencies like the Food and Drug Administration and the Federal Trade Commission should be stepping up to the plate to do this, but it isnt likely that the money will be found soon to do that. (David A. Pearce, 2/6)

Stat:Taxpayer-Funded Research Should Be Open ScienceIn the three years since Donald Trump was inaugurated as president, I have rarely supported anything he proposed. And for nearly 50 years as an academic researcher, I have almost always sided with the professional research establishment. Yet on one issue I now find myself siding with the president and opposing the scientific establishment. In December, E&E News reported that the president was considering an executive action requiring that all federally funded research become available to the public immediately upon publication. After all, taxpayers paid for much of this research, which could enhance their health or quality of life, and it should become open science. (Robert M. Kaplan, 2/6)

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Viewpoints: Where's The Praise About Good News On Declining Opioid Deaths?; Shutting Down Air, Trade Over Coronavirus Will Be More Harmful In Long Run...