The Road To Scale: Challenges Facing the Implementation of Animal-Free Recombinant Proteins Into Stem Cell Supply Chains – Technology Networks

Protein engineering techniques can be used to produce more potent animal-free growth factors as highlighted by the higher level of Nanog expression in iPSCs cultured with an optimized form of the key growth factor TGF-1 (RHS), when compared with cells cultured with the mammalian-cell expressed protein (LHS). Credit: Stemnovate

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Most industries today are under pressure to switch to more ethical and sustainable animal-free alternatives, and now the trend is coming to stem cell labs. As stem cell applications accelerate towards the clinic, novel drug discovery platforms are rapidly scaled, and new transformative stem cell-based technologies such as cultured meat arise, there is a drive to switch to animal-free cell culture media. This move is essential to facilitate future regulatory approval for advanced therapies, and enable pharma and biotech companies to ethically, reproducibly and cost-effectively scale stem cell-based innovations. Most stem cell scientists today use recombinant growth factor and cytokine proteins in their chemically-defined media to supply their cultures with the necessary biological signals required for maintenance of pluripotency, cell proliferation and differentiation into specific cell lineages. However, the fundamental biochemistry and manufacturing processes of these protein messengers can often be overlooked. But as scientists are trying to establish new animal-free systems to support the scale-up of their stem cell applications, the properties and challenges inherent in these proteins are becoming more prominent and frankly a headache for many.

Highlighted here are three key challenges facing pharma and biotech companies as they embark on the path to implementing animal-free systems, from the perspective of two protein scientists. 1.Why batch consistency is kingAs stem cell therapies gear up to make the leap from bench to clinic and the promise of stem cell biology in drug discovery and other industrial applications is realized, more subtle and still largely inexplicable challenges in optimizing growth factor and cytokine supply chains for defined media are being identified why when you change from one supplier or even batch of a recombinant protein do stem cells need weaning onto that protein, or dont tolerate the change? Is this a fundamental lack of batch consistency across the supply chain or is there an underlying biological basis?

At the minute, there is simply not enough data to answer this definitively. While we are starting to tease apart these questions, it highlights the need for greater innovation within the recombinant protein supply chain to bring best practice and innovation from other areas to improve the robustness of the global supply chain and encourage great openness and scrutiny of fundamental biochemical quality early in process development.

Questions we should ask include: are we seeing heterogeneity in post-translational modifications, which is well documented in monoclonal antibody manufacturing? Can synthetic biology or protein engineering be used to optimize proteins and engineer out features contributing to this variation?

For now, and until we have answers, its a good idea to source proteins from reputable suppliers that have rigorous standards for batch quality testing and meticulously scrutinize all biochemical and bioactivity data provided. 2.Cost of goods as a barrier to scaleTo bring innovative stem cell applications to market, pharma and biotech companies need to be able to seamlessly scale their cultures, meet regulatory requirements and achieve a sensible and sustainable process cost. Where recombinant proteins are needed in cell culture media, they are usually the greatest contributor to cost of goods.

Well-defined industry challenges catalyze change and the stem cell field is seeing renewed focus on much needed innovation in complex bioactive protein production to meet the needs for animal-free, highly reproducible proteins. Protein engineering technology, enhanced cell-based and cell-free expression systems, such as bacteria, yeast and even plants, coupled with improvements to downstream processing systems are just some of the latest innovations in this space. Previously, there have been concerns over the ability of simpler systems to form correctly folded and bioactive recombinant proteins. However, it is clear that many of these barriers can be overcome to produce highly pure growth factors and cytokines at scale. Others are striping back chemically-defined media protocols to determine the essential growth factors and cytokines needed for their cell type. For example, homebrews of key growth factors to reduce costs - Paul Burridge and his team at Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine have pioneered a cost-effective B8 chemically-defined media for weekend-free hiPSC culture at just 3% of the price of commercially available media. Now the challenge is to take the learnings from academic studies such as these and translate them into industrial processes. Meating the price of lab-grown steaksYou cannot discuss the cost of growth factors without mentioning the daunting step-change and barrier facing the fast-evolving cultured meat market. Here, highly optimized animal-free growth factor production systems will be required to provide the economies of scale needed to deliver kilogram-ton quantities at a fraction of the price in order to bring these lab-grown meat alternatives to consumers. After all, it just isnt viable for companies to be spending hundreds of dollars on each liter of culture media - instead, this needs to be reduced to ~$1/liter. 3.Animal-free or ADCF? Now that is the questionDespite animal-free/animal-derived component free (ADCF) growth factors and cytokines becoming increasing important, there are no standard definitions for these terms across the industry, with many protein manufacturers supporting the sector by defining their own internal standards. For the clinical space, the United States Pharmacopeia and International Organization for Standardization have published a framework for classifying raw materials used in cell therapy manufactureinto four different tiers based on their risk. Under this classification, ancillary materials used in the manufacture of cell-based therapies and tissue-engineered products, such as recombinant growth factors and cytokines, are considered low risk so fall into tiers 1 and 2 with an ADCF level of manufacturing defined as all components, sub-components and consumables do not contain materials derived from animals. To support the wider sector, not just those at the transition to the clinic, clarity over definitions and transparency from manufacturers will help to define and overcome the challenges faced and allow the promise of stem-cell derived innovations to be delivered.

Article Authors:

Beata Blaszczyk, Senior Scientist, Qkine

Dr Catherine Elton, CEO and Founder, Qkine

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The Road To Scale: Challenges Facing the Implementation of Animal-Free Recombinant Proteins Into Stem Cell Supply Chains - Technology Networks

3D Cell Culture Systems in Cancer Organoids Reveal Drug Efficacy that is Undetectable in Traditional 2D Monolayer Systems – b3c newswire

Wednesday, 26 August 2020 09:00 Hits: 523

CARDIFF, UK, August 26, 2020 / B3C newswire / -- A new paper exploring the application of patient-derived organoids (PDOs) in the study of novel inhibitors of stem cell activity has recently been published in the journal PLOS ONE (Badder et al., 2020).

The study utilised 3D image-based morphometric analysis to quantify over 600 different features from individual organoids following treatment with inhibitors of the tankyrase protein (TNKSi). While the morphometric analysis approach mirrored the trend seen in traditional biochemical assays, importantly this more sophisticated method was able to detect subtle alterations in growth and morphology in response to TNKSi with much greater accuracy. This leads to the conclusion that whilst traditional biochemical assays still have value in detecting compounds that merit further investigation in early stage drug discovery, combining these with 3D morphological analysis could be the key to unlocking the full potential of organoids in predictive drug testing at a much larger scale.

The study was led by Cellesce founding director Professor Trevor Dales Cardiff University-based academic research group working together with Cellesce and other partners. It describes the derivation of a novel set of colorectal cancer PDOs. The PDO models are then used as a platform to test the response of colorectal cancer to Wnt pathway modulation using small molecule TNKSi. The work utilises a range of analysis techniques and highlights 3D quantitative image analysis in particular as having the potential to greatly enhance the high throughput prediction of compound efficacy in pre-clinical testing.

In recent years, there has been a shift within the drug discovery industry to focus on the development of compounds targeting cancer stem cell populations within tumours. Historically, conventional chemotherapeutics have aimed to target the tumour bulk, to kill as many tumour cells as possible; the effects of which are usually to drive tumour regression in the short-term, albeit with greater side-effects - and a high chance of patient relapse. It is now widely understood that, in order to permanently prevent tumour growth, the initiating cancer stem cell population must be removed or inhibited. In the patient, this might have a relatively small impact initially on overall tumour size, but a longer term more effective treatment caused not by killing the cells, but by a more subtle change in the behaviour of the cells within the tumour.

The study of such targeted compounds has led to demand for better predictive model systems. While historical drug discovery has relied heavily on the predictive power of 2D cancer cell lines, their lack of cellular heterogeneity and relevant phenotypic behaviour leaves them largely unsuited for the study of cancer stem cell inhibitors, and far from ideally placed for anti-cancer drug development in general.

PDOs which retain intra-tumoral complexity and, crucially, stem cell function - are now gaining increasing momentum as predictive in vitro models in the drug discovery field, with the potential to reduce compound attrition rates and development costs, ultimately increasing the number of successful compounds available for use in the clinic. A more complex model, the study argues, demands a more comprehensive method of analysis that is capable of capturing the complete range of changes that may occur in response to treatment.

The paper can be accessed here: https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0235319

Notes to editors

The organoid lines generated for this study are licensed for sale by Cellesce in large scale validated batches produced using Cellesces patented bioprocess. Cellesce PDOs:

About Cellesce Cellesce is a biotechnology company that has developed a patented bioprocessing technology for the propagation of organoids in culture. Cellesce is focused on the supply of standardised and well-characterised cancer organoids for large-scale applications such as compound screening, where significant quantities of reproducible batches are required.

PDOs are three-dimensional (3D) cell cultures that can self-organise intoex vivo'mini-organs. They facilitate the study of tumour pathology to enable cancer drug discovery. Organoids more faithfully replicate in vivo tumours compared to conventional 2D cell line cultures and can provide more relevant pharmacological responses to therapeutic agents. By using organoids in drug discovery screening assays, scientists can identify active compounds for further progression earlier in the drug discovery process and weed out less attractive compounds before incurring higher downstream costs.

The Cellesce team is based in state-of-the-art laboratory space in the Cardiff Medicentre. Cellesce operates according to the highest ethical standards to ensure appropriate confidentiality and regulatory requirements.

Twitter: @Cellesce

Contacts

Cellesce Paul Jenkins, Chief Executive This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it. or Victoria Marsh Durban, Lead Scientist This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.or William Allbrook,Marketing Director This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

Keywords: Drug Discovery; Tankyrases; Wnt Signaling Pathway; Organoids; Antineoplastic Agents; Neoplastic Stem Cells; Colorectal Neoplasms; Cell Line; Cancer Stem Cells Inhibitors;

Published by B3C newswire

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3D Cell Culture Systems in Cancer Organoids Reveal Drug Efficacy that is Undetectable in Traditional 2D Monolayer Systems - b3c newswire

Demand for Myelofibrosis Treatment Market to Witness Rapid Surge During the Period 2016 2022 – Scientect

Myelofibrosis or osteomyelofibrosis is a myeloproliferative disorder which is characterized by proliferation of abnormal clone of hematopoietic stem cells. Myelofibrosis is a rare type of chronic leukemia which affects the blood forming function of the bone marrow tissue. National Institute of Health (NIH) has listed it as a rare disease as the prevalence of myelofibrosis in UK is as low as 0.5 cases per 100,000 population. The cause of myelofibrosis is the genetic mutation in bone marrow stem cells. The disorder is found to occur mainly in the people of age 50 or more and shows no symptoms at an early stage. The common symptoms associated with myelofibrosis include weakness, fatigue, anemia, splenomegaly (spleen enlargement) and gout. However, the disease progresses very slowly and 10% of the patients eventually develop acute myeloid leukemia. Treatment options for myelofibrosis are mainly to prevent the complications associated with low blood count and splenomegaly.

The global market for myelofibrosis treatment is expected to grow moderately due to low incidence of a disease. However, increasing incidence of genetic disorders, lifestyle up-gradation and rise in smoking population are the factors which can boost the growth of global myelofibrosis treatment market. The high cost of therapy will the growth of global myelofibrosis treatment market.

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As myelofibrosis is considered as non-curable disease treatment options mainly depend on visible symptoms of a disease. Primary stages of the myelofibrosis are treated with supportive therapies such as chemotherapy and radiation therapy. However, there are serious unmet needs in myelofibrosis treatment market due to lack of disease modifying agents. Approval of JAK1/JAK2 inhibitor Ruxolitinib in 2011 is considered as a breakthrough in myelofibrosis treatment. Stem cell transplantation for the treatment of myelofibrosis also holds tremendous potential for market growth but high cost of therapy is foreseen to limits the growth of the segment.

On the basis of treatment type, the global myelofibrosis treatment market has been segmented into blood transfusion, chemotherapy, androgen therapy and stem cell or bone marrow transplantation. Chemotherapy segment is expected to contribute major share due to easy availability of chemotherapeutic agents. Ruxolitinib is the only chemotherapeutic agent approved by the USFDA specifically for the treatment of myelofibrosis, which will drive the global myelofibrosis treatment market over the forecast period.

Geographically, global myelofibrosis treatment market is segmented into five regions viz. North America, Latin America, Europe, Asia Pacific and Middle East & Africa. Northe America is anticipated to lead the global myelofibrosis treatment market due to comparatively high prevalence of the disease in the region.

Some of the key market players in the global myelofibrosis treatment market are Incyte Corporation, Novartis AG, Celgene Corporation, Mylan Pharmaceuticals Ulc., Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Eli Lilly and Company, Taro Pharmaceuticals Inc., AllCells LLC, Lonza Group Ltd., ATCC Inc. and others.

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Autologous Cell Therapy Market Along With Covid-19 Impact Analysis and Business Opportunities Outlook 2027 – Scientect

Transparency Market Research (TMR)has published a new report titled, Autologous cell therapy Market Global Industry Analysis, Size, Share, Growth, Trends, and Forecast, 20192027. According to the report, the globalautologous cell therapy marketwas valued atUS$ 7.5 Bnin2018and is projected to expand at a CAGR of18.1%from2019to2027.

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Rise in Prevalence of Neurological Disorders & Cancer and Others to Drive Market

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Hospitals Segment to be Highly Lucrative Segment

North America to Dominate Global Market

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The global autologous cell therapy market has been segmented as follows:

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Autologous Cell Therapy Market Along With Covid-19 Impact Analysis and Business Opportunities Outlook 2027 - Scientect

ProgenCell – Stem Cell Therapies announces new facilities – PR Web

Our patients will have access to even more services and extraordinary specialists available at the medical tourism complex, in a convenient and strategic location.

SAN DIEGO (PRWEB) August 25, 2020

ProgenCell - Stem Cell Therapies is announcing the opening of its brand new Stem Cell Treatment Center to give international and local patients a more comprehensive medical treatment in a luxury and stress free environment. With this announcement, ProgenCell establishes its leadership in the field of regenerative medicine and medical tourism. ProgenCells New Clinic is part of the one of a kind all-in-house medical tourism complex: NewCity Medical Plaza.

A great deal of planning went into making this stem cell treatment right for the wide range of medical conditions we deal with, said Dr Jorge Gavino, president of ProgenCell Scientific Committee. Our patients will have access to even more services and extraordinary specialists available at the medical tourism complex, in a convenient and strategic location. Im excited to welcome patients at this new facility.

It has been a long journey. Time had given lot of experience since 2008, when the clinic was found, said Elias Bemaras, CEO. Stem cell therapy has evolved, has improved in many ways, getting better results, learning from long term treated patients. We understand the need for a new facility, more convenient for patients with equipment renovation, better distribution, and a better location. Although a high investment is required, we believe it is worth it because our patients will receive better service, easier logistics, more time with the doctor, better follow up, and that translates to 360 degrees patient satisfaction.

With this new facility, ProgenCell establishes its commitment to offer the most advanced technology in modern and comfortable facilities and in a fully licensed, government regulated and certified facility, overseen by an independent ethics and scientific committee.

About ProgenCell - Stem Cell Therapies ProgenCell - Stem Cell Therapies is a leading stem cell treatmentcenter that offers individualized stem cell therapies for patients with chronic-degenerative diseases with more than 10 years of experience. ProgenCell also provides assistance with lodging, traveling and logistics to provide a comprehensive and safe medical tourism experience. ProgenCell is now part of the Health System of NewCity Medical Plaza, a modern and innovative Medical Tourism Center in Tijuana, Mexico. NewCity Medical Plaza is a 30-story tower, with doctors offices, hospital, medical lab, imaging center, commercial plaza, gastronomic center and a 140-room five star hotel.

To learn more about ProgenCell new facilities or scheduling inquiries contact ProgenCell directly at 1 888 443 6235 or email info@progencell.com

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FDA Clears Jointechlabs’ MiniTC for Point-of-Care Fat Tissue Processing and its Broad Range of Applications – PRNewswire

SAN FRANCISCO, Aug. 26, 2020 /PRNewswire/ --Jointechlabs a leader in point-of-care regenerative medicine therapies today announced that the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) cleared the company's MiniTCfor point-of-care fat tissue processing designed to obtain microfat (or fat grafts), for multiple indications. Jointechlabs plans to focus on a range of therapeutic areas including medical aesthetics, plastic surgery, orthobiologics and wound healing.

"The FDA clearance of MiniTC represents an important step forward in the regenerative medicine market," said Nathan Katz, Jointechlabs' CEO. "The company's comprehensive and proprietary technology provides a variety of tissue reconstruction and regeneration options, enabling healthcare practitioners in medical centers, hospitals and clinics to provide safe, reliable and cost-effective cell enriched fat grafts at the point-of-care."

MiniTC is a disposable, closed loop medical device that can be used in the clinic setting, with no change in infrastructure, eliminating the need for manual processing of fat tissue in the lab. Also, the device is less costly,cumbersome and labor intensive compared to what currently exists. MiniTC's performance has been validated in vitro and in vivo, including an observational orthopedic study in Israel and the UAE, involving 47 patients with 92% reporting functional improvement and no complications. Additionally, it was validated in clinical studies with lymphoedema patients as well as in the areas of facial aesthetics, hair regrowth and wound care.

"Jointechlabs' MiniTC device is easy to use and effective," said Joseph Purita, M.D., orthopedic surgeon and director of the Institute of Regenerative Medicine in Boca Raton, Florida."It is encouraging to see the continuing development of new technology for regenerative medicine that is compliant with FDA guidelines."

Microfat IsolationMiniTC allows for processing of adipose (fat) tissue without exposure to the external environment. The final product of the processing is a fine washed fractured fat tissue known as fat graft or microfat. When implanted by injection, the essential effect can be attributed to the preservation of the integrity of fat tissue and the stromal cells within its natural niche. Together it constitutes structural factors that trigger the reconstruction, regeneration and healing of connective tissues.It's a gentle process that uses an individual's own fat tissue tocushion and support areas of injury or damage as the body heals itself.

Pipeline ProductsJointechlabs has an extensive development program. In addition to MiniTC, the company's Mini-Stem a patented, disposable, closed loop medical device is pending approval in Europe (and under investigation in other countries) for isolation of stem cell fraction (SVF) from fat. Mini-Stem will enable doctors to provide safe, reliable, cost-effective non-surgical stem cell treatments at the point-of-care. Mini-Stem will serve as a platform for cell therapies and is well poised to target the developing regenerative medicine market, unlike any of the current devices.Additionally, Jointechlabs is developing proprietary stem cell-scaffold product as a biologic therapy for osteoarthritis, for approval under the FDA's fast-track program. A portion of the pre-clinical study for JTL-T-01 is funded by NIH's small business grant (SBIR grant) in collaboration with Rush University.

Headquartered in San Francisco, Jointechlabs is recognized as an experienced and respected emerging world leader in point-of-care regenerative medicine therapies. With its devices and technology, Jointechlabs enables healthcare practitioners to provide safe, reliable, cost-effective non-surgical regenerative medicine treatments at the point-of-care.For more information, please visit: http://jointechlabs.com/.

Media Contact: Betsy Levy | Phone: (415) 377-3112 | Email: [emailprotected]

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Religion and The Trump-Pence Ticket – The Tablet Catholic Newspaper

Pope Francis greets Vice President Mike Pence during a meeting at the Vatican in January. (Photo: CNS/Vatican Media)

WINDSOR TERRACE The majority of Americans dont view President Donald Trump as being a religious man, according to a Pew Research poll, but while the president isnt often photographed attending church services, he has frequently evoked religion in his speeches and his actions.

[Related: Trump-Pence 1st Term Record Leaves Catholic Leaders With Mixed Feelings]

Trump is outspoken in his pro-life views on abortion, and in 2020 became the first sitting president to address the March for Life in Washington D.C. in person, rather than appearing via video or a recorded message.

Trump, who was raised in Queens, is a Presbyterian and was confirmed at the First Presbyterian Church in Jamaica in 1959. His parents, Fred and Mary Anne, joined the Marble Collegiate Church in Manhattan in the 1970s. Pastor Norman Vincent Peale ministered to the Trump family for several years until his death in 1993.

The president enjoys strong support within the evangelical community and mentioned religion at several points in his 2020 State of the Union Address.

At one point during the speech, Trump pointed to Robin Schneider, who was seated in the audience with her young daughter Ellie. Ellie was born premature at just 21 weeks in 2017 but was saved by doctors and through the prayers of her parents, Trump said. Ellie reminds us that every child is a miracle of life, the president said. He added that he would ask Congress to pass a bill to ban late-term abortion of babies.

Yet, when Americans were asked in a Pew poll if Trump is religious, the majority thought he didnt have strong beliefs.

According to the poll, 40 percent of respondents said the president is not at all religious and 23 percent replied that he was not too religious. Taken together, thats 63 percent of Americans who think Trump is not very religious.

Only seven percent told pollsters that the president was very religious. Twenty-eight percent said he was somewhat religious.

When asked what Trumps religion is, 32 percent identified him as a Protestant; 34 percent said they had no idea what religion he practices; and 16 percent said he had no religion at all.

Vice President Pence

Vice President Mike Pence, a former congressman and the former governor of Indiana, was raised Catholic and was an altar server at Sunday Masses in his youth. In later years, Pence attended services at Grace Evangelical Church in Indianapolis.

As a congressman, Pence gained a reputation as a staunch pro-life supporter. He adamantly opposed the expansion of abortion rights and fought against federal funding of embryonic stem cell research. He also pushed for a constitutional amendment against same-sex marriage.

During his time as governor, he signed a religious freedom bill into law that allowed businesses and individuals to cite their religious beliefs and refuse to do business with people whose views they find objectionable.

In January of this year, Pence met with Pope Francis at the Vatican.

Pence has often described himself as a born-again, evangelical Catholic.

In another revealing comment, he once told reporters that he was a Christian, a Conservative, and a Republican in that order.

[Related: Trump-Pence 1st Term Record Leaves Catholic Leaders With Mixed Feelings]

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Religion and The Trump-Pence Ticket - The Tablet Catholic Newspaper

‘I had my penis amputated – so I’ve travelled the world shopping for a new one’ – Mirror Online

Richard Stamp is a stark reminder to men across the country why they need to keep on top of their tackle.

He suffered months of pain but, like many men, he put off seeking medical attention and buried his head in the sand, believing everything would be all right in the end.

But that decision cost him dearly as he ended up losing his penis after being diagnosed with cancer in 2018. His relationship also suffered and he lost his girlfriend.

Doctors had to amputate most of the 54-year-olds organ to save his life.

Now Richard, who works in the entertainment industry, has let cameras into his home as he embarks on a year-long quest to discover ways he can rebuild it, from stem cell growth to reconstruction.

In the Channel 5 documentary Shopping For A New Penis, the cameras capture the heartbreaking moment he discusses his struggles with his ex-partner, Angie.

Richard, who has a son and daughter from a previous relationship, says: Angie and I were together for two years before my cancer was discovered.

He admits he was avoiding sex before his diagnosis as it caused him pain.

It built up over time," he said. "Why I wasnt having penetration was because it really hurt, so I started feeling more vulnerable. Then I just didnt want to do that at all.

During a holiday in Cambodia, Richard felt a lump on his penis, but even then he waited two months to go to the doctor.

He was finally diagnosed in Australia, where he was working at the time.

The medic, Dr Cox, told him he was going to have to have his entire penis amputated.

I met this frightening doctor who, very starkly, said: Your c**ks going to come off, explains Richard, who is from Tooting, South London.

He showed me a model of a c**k, like I was some sort of a farm animal.

"It was so cold. All that went through my mind was panic.

Everything was spinning around thats the worst moment of my lifetime.

Richard flew home for a second opinion and soon discovered that his local hospital, St Georges in Tooting, is Europes leading medical institute dealing with penile cancer.

There, his surgeon, Dr Ben Ayres, confirmed amputation was necessary, but he was able to save a tiny portion of his penis.

Richard says: I remember before the operation, thinking, Im going to run away.

"Then the realisation is where am I going to run to? If I dont do this, Im going to die.

Maybe it sounds crazy if youre not a bloke, but living without a penis makes you question who you are.

I was just a normal bloke before all this happened an Arsenal supporter, a father of two who enjoyed a beer with his mates.

"Then one day I was told by a doctor that my penis had to be removed.

"Since then Ive been trying to work out how I survive without a c**k.

"How I live, work, have sex and go to the toilet, how to be a bloke without having a penis.

Im really angry I let it get that far. I feel a complete fool. I could kick myself because I could have saved it.

One of the main questions Richard is often asked is whether he can still have sex, and he wasted no time finding out.

But he admits that being intimate has been a new challenge.

He says: I was grateful I could still orgasm, but then I had to work out how to do that with a partner, how to share my new body with someone.

But some women dont mind.

Richard is now on a mission to return his manhood to its former glory.

He says: Ive been on a journey to see what the world has to offer, plastic ones, prosthetic ones, even ones grown in laboratories.

He concludes: Im going to go for reconstruction. The process is due to start in February.

Richard has met his new surgeon, Prof David Ralph from University College Hospital in London.

The reconstruction requires three 13-hour surgeries.

Doctors will remove flesh from his arm and bottom to form his new penis, an implant will be placed inside and then a pump will be installed in his scrotum to give him an erection at the touch of a button.

He smiles: Its weird. I want it to feel like me, not an object. Im a bit scared, its like something off Doctor Who from the 70s.

Im going through the mental thought process of building myself up to do this. Ever since my first operation, Ive been taking things weeks at a time, thats all I can do.

The documentary is a warts-and-all look at what happens when you dont listen to your body. Richard is now a speaker for the mens cancer charity, Orchid, and he hopes that people will learn from his costly mistake.

He says: Its sort of inbred in men, isnt it, to be tough? Not talk about stuff, just get on with it. Toughen up, be a man.

"Its such a taboo thing to talk about and to experience, and when I found I had penile cancer, I had no idea it even existed.

So the message to every man watching this documentary is if theres something up, get it checked. If youve got a girlfriend, boyfriend, whatever, hopefully youll be able to talk to them.

If youre on your own, then talk to a friend. The main thing is you must talk to someone. Dont stick your head in the sand like I did.

Cancer of the penis affects around 630 men every year in the UK.

If caught early, around 70% of those diagnosed with it will survive.

It mostly affects men in their 60s.

Symptoms include:

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'I had my penis amputated - so I've travelled the world shopping for a new one' - Mirror Online

Determined 24-year-old fighting rare aggressive cancer – Northumberland Gazette

Ryan Renton with girlfriend Beth Drummond (left). Ryan was diagnosed with CLL which transferred to Richters syndrome

At 19, Ryan Renton was diagnosed with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) a rare form of blood cancer after being hospitalised with glandular fever.

Following gruelling treatment, the former Berwick High School student went into remission in 2016 but last October Ryan and his family were given the heartbreaking news that the cancer had returned.

Treatment had been going well for the 24-year-old until he started getting headaches in June and doctors found his cancer had progressed to Richter's syndrome an extremely rare complication with CLL which means Ryans cancer is now more aggressive and fast-growing.

Dad Brian, sister Stacy, Ryan and mum Tracy.

Ryan is now half way through the exhausting chemotherapy treatment and may need radiotherapy ahead of a bone marrow transplant later this year.

Ryan, who worked as a builder with dad Brian, said: Some people take bad to chemotherapy and they have stages where they have to take a break, thankfully my body hasnt reacted in that way. Its the tiredness that affects me the most.

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"With CLL, doctors expected that it would come back. Its just something that I have to deal with, you just have to take it on a daily basis really.

Cancer Research UK says between just two and 10 in every 100 people diagnosed with CLL develop the more aggressive Richters syndrome.

Mum Tracy, 52, said: "Were so proud of him. We just have to support him through it. Ryan being so positive helps us.

"Hes going to get a lot worse before he gets better.

"When he goes in for his bone marrow transplant later this year he will be in hospital for six to eight weeks in isolation.

His family are encouraging people to register to become stem cell donors through DKMS or the Anthony Nolan Trust.

"It will save someones life at the end of the day thats why its very important to have all these donors, added Tracy.

Ryans girlfriend, 20-year-old Beth Drummond, set up a Just Giving page in the hope of raising 500 to help give Ryan the best 25th birthday in October.

Within hours theyd topped their target and now more than 4,600 has been donated.

Ryan is never one to complain, life keeps throwing all these curve balls at him, but he takes them like a boss and always has the most positive attitude, said Beth.

"Hes got a super long journey ahead of him and we are all super proud of him for being so amazing through all of this. Nobody deserves to have to go through this at such a young age.

Covid-19 restrictions means Ryan cant go away but he is looking to buy a gaming computer with the funds donated.

Ryan added: Im overwhelmed with the support. I wanted to thank my football club, Tweedmouth Amateur FC, for all of their support and Luke Dickson and Robyn Pick who were due to complete the Gateshead Half Marathon for Berwick Cancer Cars so they ran a course around Berwick instead.

The rest is here:
Determined 24-year-old fighting rare aggressive cancer - Northumberland Gazette

Archbishops vaccine stance out of tune with community – The Age

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Singing from the same hymn sheet in times of crisis makes both common and ethical sense, which is why reports of the Archbishops of Sydneys suggestion (Archbishops tell PM of tainted vaccine concerns, 25/8) of a Oxford vaccine boycott seems so wildly out of tune with contemporary Australia. COVID-19 has brought out the best in many communities, seeing greater kindness, empathy and compassion but this latest outburst from the same spiritual test tube that invested $2million against marriage equality and threatened politicians who advocated medical abortion is yet another exception to the Australian rule.

Exceptionalism, entitlement and privilege are at the heart of the problem of church leaders who lead prayers for a vaccine but, not liking the answer, send it back to the kitchen. Most ordinary Christian people are genuinely hopeful and want the best for all Australians. It is nonsense to place the interests of any foetus or prelate above finding a vaccine to defend human life. Fr Peter MacLeod-Miller, Rector of Albury, St Matthews Anglican Church

Use of cell lines helps redeem moral status Catholic Archbishop Anthony Fisher and his ecumenical colleagues in their criticism of the projected use of the AstraZeneca vaccine do not seem to have recognised the fact there are bioethicists, both Catholic and Anglican among them, who believe that the subsequent use of such foetal cell lines, far from aggravating the immorality of the original abortion, at least to some degree, redeems it. This subsequent use is not a justification of the original abortion, and, equally certainly, one should not abort in order to generate the foetal cells. But, once the abortion has taken place, rather than consigning the foetus to the hospital waste, the derivation of such cell lines from the foetus for vaccination or for other morally acceptable uses may well be considered morally responsible rather than ethically compromised. William Uren, Parkville

Speculation not only unhelpful but dangerous I live with an anti-vaxxer who I love dearly but our difference in views are increasingly fractious. While, for the nation I hope we develop a COVID-19 vaccine, I despair over the challenge in persuading my partner (and subsequently our children) to vaccinate. The article (Doctors say COVID jab must not be mandatory, 23/8) has galvanised my partners resistance to not only taking a COVID-19 vaccine, but all vaccines and presents another hurdle among the uninformed propaganda peddled by anti-vaxxer groups. If it cant be tested properly it should not be administered. Public discussion on these topics are rapidly contorted by anti-vaxxer groups and recited ad nauseum in many households. Information is contorted then weaponised.

Governments should not release a vaccination until it is entirely safe. Dont speculate on the safety aspects of a yet-to-be-developed vaccination. The AMA and Australian government have just added another string to the bow of the anti-vaxxer propaganda machine. Name and address withheld

Archbishops ought to be commended The three Archbishops of Sydney should be commended for their courageous stand in defense of proper ethical standards in medicine. The foetus didnt give consent to being killed and its body parts used for medical research. Just forget about it you say? It happened 50 years ago and you cant be responsible for that? That would be true if we were animals with no conscience. Like many unethical approaches to science and technologies, disadvantages come back to complicate apparent technical advantages. Stefan Kos, Toorak

Outdated moral theology causes great distress Archbishops have spoken out against the Oxford coronavirus vaccine on the basis that it is derived using human embryonic stem cells obtained from aborted foetuses. Non-Christian religions have no such objection. As a former priest and now retired doctor and psychiatrist, I must warn of the anxiety and distress such outdated moral theology causes in the hearts and minds of the faithful. It has happened before. There is no need for religion in making moral judgments. We all have personal conscience, reason and human empathy that tell us what is right and what is wrong. Dr Peter Evans, Malvern

Too busy to reply Treasurer faces his greatest challenge (26/8) is brilliant. At last we know why those of us who are members of the Kooyong branch of Grandmothers for Refugees, advocating for the human rights of refugees and asylum seekers, never receive replies to the letters we send.

The Treasurer is busy phoning journalists. We in the Kooyong electorate do receive regular email updates telling us of his largesse (with our money) and of his appearances in the media. But nothing about the people our leaders consider voiceless.

The closing comment hits the nail on the head: The bottom line is even his colleagues arent quite sure what he stands for. As grandmothers who are elders in our community, we know that knowing what you stand for is every humans greatest challenge. Our hope is that Mr Frydenberg will discover what he stands for, and that he will be assisted in this by listening to those in our community who are deliberately silenced or preferably unheard. Mary Williams, Camberwell

Pressing matters In early April, I wrote to our local member Michael Sukkars office seeking guidance about consular assistance for our daughter who was stranded in Guatemala. We are yet to receive an acknowledgement from his office. I now understand that he and his staff have been awfully busy attending to other pressing matters. Gloria Bower, Mitcham

Same, same Nick OMalley (Chief Scientist Alan Finkel fires back after criticism on gas, 26/8) reports that Chief Scientist Dr Alan Finkel wrote that greenhouse gas emissions caused by burning coal gas to generate electricity were lower than that created by burning coal. I can assure both OMalley and Dr Finkel that an atom of carbon, whether in the form of coal, or in the form of coal gas derived from coal, will end up as carbon dioxide when burned. In other words, based on carbon content, the emissions of both sources are equivalent. Assoc. Prof. Maurie Trewhella, College of Engineering and Science, Victoria University

Show us the numbers Having some of the nations leading climate change scientists at loggerheads with the Chief Scientist is not a good look. The sooner some ballpark figures for energy generation between now and 2050 are put into the public domain for debate the better. This needs to show how the transition from fossil to renewable energy is expected to track. Once we have an initial pathway outlined, the speed, extent and cost of change can be debated and refined. This might show Dr Finkel and the climate scientists are not too far apart in their thinking. It will also hopefully force a response (and action) from an obstructionist government and vacillating opposition. Peter Thomson, Brunswick

Many lives saved As a GP I am grateful that we have had stage four lockdown. It is the fastest way to reduce deaths and get the economy back to health. Aiming for zero transmission as has happened in other states needs emergency powers, given how many people give themselves exceptions to masks etc. It is unlikely we will have a vaccinated population before September next year. Fighting coronavirus is a marathon, not a sprint. Despite mistakes, clear leadership based on medical evidence has saved many lives. Dr Margaret Beavis, Brighton

Adopt Finnish system I suggest to David Zyngier (Letters, 26/8) that the best way for Australia to reduce social segregation in schooling is to join Finland in fully funding non-government schools and not permitting them to charge fees, or New Zealand which almost fully funds those that charge very low fees. The problem in Australia is not the fact of funding but the use of the socially stratifying Howard/Gonski socio-economic status funding model, the one that ignores school fees. Chris Curtis, Hurstbridge

Hewson insightful What an insightful column from former leader of the Liberal Party John Hewson (Cancerous branch stacking demands leadership, 26/8), regarding the practice of branch stacking. While Labor leaders acted decisively, Prime Minister Scott Morrison has once again been shown up as weak; hand washing and buck passing while he kowtows to the religious right of his party. Gillian Unicomb, Sandford

Power imbalance The fact that Indigenous Australians hold the rights to only a fraction of available surface water in the Murray-Darling basin is another example of the structural inequality that exists in this country (Basin agency warns on water, 26/8). This is no different to the powerlessness of Aboriginal communities to stop the destruction of sacred sites. Only when First Nations Australians are treated as equals while decisions are being made about natural resource development will there be true progress towards reconciliation. Colin Smith, Mount Waverley

Neglect long exposed The Prime Ministers attempt to deflect responsibility for the COVID-19-related disasters in Victorian aged care by pointing to other failures or mismanagement in the control of the pandemic, or by suggesting that Australias record of nursing home deaths is better than other countries, is disgraceful. The neglect and brutality in aged care facilities has been exposed numerous times, including via a royal commission, long before the pandemic. Despite these disclosures, nothing has been done. I wonder how the families who lost loved ones feel, as their relatives deaths are reduced to political point scoring. If our leaders cant take responsibility for their failures, surely they can at least show some compassion. Cheryl Day, Beaumaris

Yearning for dignity Apologising for his governments failure in aged care, Morrison said: On those days when our efforts fall short, none are more sorry than I as Prime Minister. The PMs apology might be genuine, heartfelt even, but families of the residents who have died prematurely in aged care homes, often in the most distressing of circumstances, might see the apology as inefficacious. The Morrison governments lamentable failure in aged care has denied those dying the one thing they might have wished for a basic level of dignity. Neil Hudson, East Melbourne

Sukkar loses my vote Whether or not Michael Sukkar survives the allegations against him, I will not be voting Liberal in Deakin as long as he is the partys candidate. I respect that his socially conservative views are different from mine. As a consequence, I reluctantly put aside his decision to renege on a promise to his electorate that he would vote for the same-sex marriage legislation in December 2017 in accordance with the majority view of Australians. But what I am not prepared to go along with is someone who refuses to appreciate that the party he serves is a broad church and what is worse someone who is actively plotting against Victorian Liberal MPs who do hold views more aligned with mine. Its time to go, Mr Sukkar. Ivan Glynn, Vermont

Urgent scrutiny needed There has been much criticism of Daniel Andrews request to extend emergency powers in Victoria. The fact that other states already have these powers has been omitted from much of the discussion. Yet there has been little scrutiny of the national cabinet, which does not include the Opposition Leader and operates in secrecy. In addition, there is a National COVID-19 Commission stacked with fossil fuel executives who are allegedly making plans to revive our economy without developing renewable energy. This commission also operates in secret and is not required to release details of their meetings. Scrutiny of these bodies is urgently needed. Jen Hooper, Box Hill

Return to the 1950s When will Mr Morrison give women a fair go? His home builder grants disproportionately favour men and he provides little or no JobKeeper support for mostly female-dominated industries such as councils, universities and childcare. Now we see the Defence Force getting $1 billion to increase overall personnel numbers. When you consider that women are also picking up much of the home schooling, it seems the COVID-19 response comes straight from the back-to-the-50s playbook. Donna Wyatt, Wyndham Vale

Tough enough for Defence At a time when the costs of COVID-19 are escalating daily, a $1billion boost in defence spending seems ill considered ($1b defence cash splash, 26/8). When the going gets tough, governments can almost be relied upon to increase defence spending. The notion of building our sovereign industrial capacities exposes the hollow nature of a government which is not prepared to deal properly and meaningfully with the complex problems which face all of us at present, especially the young who, as Ross Gittins points out, have been hardest hit by this pandemic. Helen Scheller, Benalla

Lower voting age Every day, we hear of young people with talent, intelligence and enterprise. Yet they are not entitled to vote. Lets face it, we grown ups have made a mess of the planet. In many places, including Argentina and Scotland, people from the age of 16 are optionally entitled to vote. We should do the same. Young people are the ones who are going to have to put up with the mess weve made. Peter Seligman, Brunswick West

Virus compensation Will Victorian Liberal senator Sarah Henderson (Victorians urged to claim lockdown compensation, 26/8) also support compensation claims against the federal government given they failed to prevent the first arrival of the virus? Steve Melzer, Hughesdale

Credit:

Politics Its Time: Both Michael Sukkar and Kevin Andrews should be sacked from Parliament. Don Vincent, North Warrandyte

Michael Sukkar, another minister behaving badly with impunity. Phil Lipshut, Elsternwick

Hey Scomo, dont take us for suckers time to ditch Sukkar. John Lippmann, Canterbury

The PM and AFL umpires have something in common; inconsistency and incompetency, blame anyone but yourself for a wrong decision and then deny any decision or criticism. Bruce Dudon, Woodend

The PM is pointing the finger of blame at the Premier. Three other fingers are pointing back at him and the thumb is a rude remnant from his bushfire debacle. Greg Curtin, Blackburn South

Coronavirus After moaning to a client in the US about being stuck in stage four restrictions, she casually commented: I wish someone would look after us like that. Enough said. Claire Collins, Flemington

Id far prefer to run with the approach of the epidemiologist, Catherine Bennett (25/8) than I would that of the law graduate, James Moutsias. Merv Wilson, Mitcham

Travellers tales are no longer filling up my Facebook feed. Whats exciting now is parcel tracking. Rilke Muir, Kensington

Gas debate Re Chief Scientist Alan Finkel fires back after criticism on gas (26/8). All gas but no hydrogen. Why? Sally Dammery, Malvern East

Like the debate about climate change, the debate about gas as a transition fuel is over. You cannot fix the problems caused through burning fossil fuels by burning more fossil fuels. Helen Moss, Croydon

Finally Lets hope the Qantas workers about to lose their jobs own millions of Qantas shares so they can take advantage of the share price rise. Tony OBrien, South Melbourne

To submit a letter to The Age, email letters@theage.com.au. Please include your home address and telephone number.

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Archbishops vaccine stance out of tune with community - The Age